scholarly journals CHARACTERISTICS OF ANTENATAL AND POSTNATAL RISKFACTORS OF FOOD ALLERGY IN INFANTS

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Svetlana Nikolaevna Denisova ◽  
M Yu Belitskaya ◽  
T B Sentsova ◽  
I Ya Kon' ◽  
O O Kirillova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Food Allergy ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Maternal Line ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery ◽  
History Of ◽  
Postnatal Risk Factors

Aim. to analyze a family history of the allergic diseases, course of pregnancy and delivery in mothers, effect of concomitant diseases on the development and course of food allergy in infants. methods. We examined 471 infants with food allergy and different severity index of the atopic dermatitis (AD). Moderate and severe AD were more common at the age of 0-12 months old than at the age of 12-36 months old (80,9 and 55,6%, respectively). in boys of the 12-36 months severe course of the disease was more common then in girls at the same age (14,6 and 7,3%, respectively). We used SCORAD index for estimation of severity of AD. Results. positive family histories of the allergic diseases were revealed in 67,9 and 67,3% of the infants with moderate and severe course of AD, respectively. in the half of these infants allergic diseases were found in the maternal line. Disturbances of the pregnancy and delivery in mothers of the infants with and without AD were equal; however these disturbances were more common in mothers of the infants with severe AD. the postnatal risk factors of allergy were revealed in 11,7% of infants: prematurity (3,2%), prenatal hypotrophy (4,7%), intranatal asphyxia (2,3%), cephalohaematoma (1,5%). Conclusion. the positive family history of allergy was high in all infants with AD independently on the age of the appearance of first signs of food allergy. Mothers with pathological course of pregnancy and delivery more often had an infants with severe course of AD. prevalence of the postnatal risk factors in healthy and ill infants was equal.

scholarly journals Study of risk factors and its correlation with constraint induced movement therapy for atherosclerosis in patients of coronary artery disease and their offspring

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 446
Author(s):  
Venugopal Margekar ◽  
Shweta Thakur ◽  
O. P. Jatav ◽  
Pankaj Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Surrogate Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Constraint Induced Movement Therapy ◽  
Group Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Artery Disease

Background: A significant percent of cardiovascular event occurs without well-known modifiable risk. A new tool for early identification for atherosclerosis is required for early intervention. Aims and objectives of the study was to study the risk factors for CAD and its correlation with CIMT.Methods: One hundred and forty subjects were studied for the risk factors of CAD in Department of Medicine of G.R. Medical College, Gwalior from 2012 to 2013. Out of 140 subjects, 100 were patients having CAD and 40 age matched subjects were included as control group. Data was also recorded from their offspring. High resolution B mode ultrasonography was performed to assess CIMT of carotid arteries. The maximum CIMT of any one side of carotid artery was taken for study.Results: CAD was more prevalent among males (78%). Majority of the offspring of cases had age between 28-42 years and majority were male (73%). Most common risk factors for CAD was dyslipidemia (48%), hypertension (24%), diabetes (12%) and smoking (21%), whereas in offspring’s of CAD patients, dyslipidemia was seen in 28%, hypertension in 3%, diabetes and tobacco smoking in 12% and 24% respectively. The CIMT of CAD patients was significantly increased with increasing the number of risk factors and the same pattern was also seen in controls.  The CIMT of asymptomatic offspring’s having positive family history was significantly more than the asymptomatic offspring without positive family history of CAD.Conclusions: CIMT measurements can be used as a surrogate marker of atherosclerosis as it has showed a direct link with number of risk factors of CAD. 

scholarly journals Parkinson’s disease determinants, prediction and gene–environment interactions in the UK Biobank

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 1046-1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Meir Jacobs ◽  
Daniel Belete ◽  
Jonathan Bestwick ◽  
Cornelis Blauwendraat ◽  
Sara Bandres-Ciga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Family History ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Risk Scores ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
History Of

ObjectiveTo systematically investigate the association of environmental risk factors and prodromal features with incident Parkinson’s disease (PD) diagnosis and the interaction of genetic risk with these factors. To evaluate whether existing risk prediction algorithms are improved by the inclusion of genetic risk scores.MethodsWe identified individuals with an incident diagnosis of PD (n=1276) and controls (n=500 406) in UK Biobank. We determined the association of risk factors with incident PD using adjusted logistic regression models. We constructed polygenic risk scores (PRSs) using external weights and selected the best PRS from a subset of the cohort (30%). The PRS was used in a separate testing set (70%) to examine gene–environment interactions and compare predictive models for PD.ResultsStrong evidence of association (false discovery rate <0.05) was found between PD and a positive family history of PD, a positive family history of dementia, non-smoking, low alcohol consumption, depression, daytime somnolence, epilepsy and earlier menarche. Individuals with the highest 10% of PRSs had increased risk of PD (OR 3.37, 95% CI 2.41 to 4.70) compared with the lowest risk decile. A higher PRS was associated with earlier age at PD diagnosis and inclusion of the PRS in the PREDICT-PD algorithm led to a modest improvement in model performance. We found evidence of an interaction between the PRS and diabetes.InterpretationHere, we used UK Biobank data to reproduce several well-known associations with PD, to demonstrate the validity of a PRS and to demonstrate a novel gene–environment interaction, whereby the effect of diabetes on PD risk appears to depend on background genetic risk for PD.

A retrospective study on breast cancer presentation, risk factors, and protective factors in patients with a positive family history of breast cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-473
Author(s):  
Ying Yi Liaw ◽  
Foong Shiang Loong ◽  
Suzanne Tan ◽  
Sze Yun On ◽  
Evelyn Khaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Family History ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
History Of

P990Assessment of clinical risk factors for all-cause mortality among hypertrophic cardiomyopathy patients with ICDs

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Mielczarek ◽  
P Syska ◽  
M Lewandowski ◽  
A Przybylski ◽  
M Sterlinski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Icd Implantation ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
History Of ◽  
End Stage

Abstract Introduction According to the literature, the annual mortality rate of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) patients is estimated to 1–2%. Sudden cardiac death (SCD), heart failure and thromboembolism are the main causes of death among this population. Patients at high risk for SCD, identified using HCM risk score, are qualified for ICD implantation. Unfortunately for clinicians, there is no validated model or statistical tool for assessment of the risk of mortality within the HCM patients with ICDs. Purpose The aim of this study was to determine the main risk factors of all- cause mortality in HCM patients with ICDs. Methods The long-term follow-up of group of 104 consecutive patients with HCM, who had the ICD implanted between 1996 and 2006 in tertiary reference clinical unit was performed. Twenty patients who died during observation were the subject of the current analysis. ICD was implanted for primary (n=16) and secondary (n=4) prevention of SCD within this subpopulation. Analysis were performed for mentioned below potential risk factors: age at the time of implantation, syncopes, family history of SCD, atrial fibrillation/supraventricular tachycardia, decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (nsVT), maximum left ventricular wall thickness, abnormal exercise blood pressure response, left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. Results The average time of survival since ICD implantation was 8,5±4,6 years. Decreased LVEF (Wald chi2 4,57; p=0,033), secondary prevention (Wald chi2 8,57; p=0,003), family history of SCD (Wald chi2 4,93; p=0,026) and episodes of nsVT (Wald chi2 3,49; p=0,062) are the clinical risk factors that significantly affect the time of survival. The probability of death, expressed as Hazard Ratio, was 27-fold higher in secondary prevention group (HR=27,18), almost 10-fold higher in patients with positive family history of SCD (HR=9,74) and 3,7-fold higher when nsVT was detected. The cause of death was established in 16/20 patients. In 15 cases, these were deaths from cardiovascular causes: end-stage heart failure (8), complications of heart transplantation or circulatory support (4), SCD (1) and other cardiovascular (2). Conclusion Secondary prevention, positive family history of SCD, nsVT and decreased LVEF seem to be the most significant risk factors associated with all- cause mortality in HCM patients with ICDs. Despite the ICD implantation, subpopulation studied had poor prognosis with high incidence of progression to end-stage heart failure. Further studies to create validated model for assessment of death risk in long-term observation of patients with HCM after ICD implantation are required.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors for Glucose Intolerance among Saudi Women with Gestational Diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayfaa Wahabi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Saudi Women ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year

Objectives. The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors of glucose intolerance one year after delivery in women with gestational diabetes (GDM). Methods. All women who had GDM and completed one year since delivery at King Khalid University Hospital were contacted to participate in the study. Based on to the American Diabetes Association criteria and the results of fasting blood glucose (FPG) and HbA1c, participants were classified into three groups: diabetic, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and normal. The incidence of diabetes and IGT was calculated. Clinical, biochemical, and sociodemographic predictors of glucose intolerance were compared between the three groups. Odds ratio (OR) for risk factors with P value less than 0.05 was calculated. Results. From a total 316 eligible women, 133 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and agreed to participate in the study. From the study participants, 58 (44%) women were normoglycemic, 60 (45%) women had IGT, and 15 (11%) women were diabetic. The odds of developing IGT or diabetes increased to nearly fourfold when women needed insulin for the control of GDM during pregnancy (OR 3.8, 95% CI 0.81–18.3, P=0.08) and to nearly one-and-a-half-fold when they have positive family history of T2DM (OR 1.2, 95% CI 0.74–2.09, P=0.40). Nevertheless, none of the odds ratios was statistically significant. Conclusion. The incidence of postpartum hyperglycemia (diabetes and IGT) is very high in Saudi women with GDM. Family history of diabetes and insulin treatment of GDM may be predictors of postpartum hyperglycemia.

HLA DQ2 HAPLOTYPE, EARLY ONSET OF GRAVES DISEASE, AND POSITIVE FAMILY HISTORY OF AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS ARE RISK FACTORS FOR DEVELOPING CELIAC DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH GRAVES DISEASE

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 993-1000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Miskiewicz ◽  
Agata Gos-Zajac ◽  
Alina Kurylowicz ◽  
Teresa Maria Plazinska ◽  
Maria Franaszczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Celiac Disease ◽  
Family History ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Autoimmune Disorders ◽  
Graves Disease ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hla Dq2

scholarly journals Potential risk factors for developing diabetes mellitus type 2

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusica Zivanovic ◽  
Sandra Sipetic ◽  
Marina Stamenkovic-Radak ◽  
Jelena Milasin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a common multifactorial genetic syndrome, which is determined by several genes and environmental factors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of risk factors for developing diabetes type 2 among diabetic individuals and to compare the presence of risk factors among diabetic individuals with and without positive family history for type 2 diabetes. Material and methods This study was conducted in Cuprija during the period from February to June 2002. The case group included 137 individuals having diagnosis type 2 diabetes. The control group included 129 subjects having the following diagnoses: hypertension, angina pectoris, chronic obstructive lung disease, gastric ulcer or duodenal ulcer. All participants were interviewed at the Medical Center Cuprija using structural questionnaire. The data were collected regarding demographic characteristics, exposure to various chemical and physical agents, stress, smoking, obesity, physical inactivity and family history of diabetes. In the statistical analysis chi square test was used. Results The diabetic individuals were statistically significantly older (40 and more years old) (p=0,000), and they came from rural areas more frequently (p=0,006) than the individuals without diabetes. Significantly more diabetics had lower educational level (p=0,000) and they were agriculture workers and housewives significantly more frequently (p=0,000) than nondiabetic individuals. Furthermore, obesity (p=0,000) and physical inactivity (p=0,003) were significantly more frequent among the diabetic individuals than the nondiabetics. The diabetic individuals had significanly (p=0,000) more numbers of relatives with diabetes mellitus type 2 than the nondiabetics. The diabetic individuals with positive family history of diabetes were significantly older (p=0,021) and more frequently from urban areas (p=0,018) than the diabetic individuals without the positive family history of diabetes. Also they were significantly less exposed to physical agents (p=0,004). Discussion In our study, like in many others, age, place of residence, education, occupation, obesity, physical inactivity, positive family history of diabetes type 2 and exposure to physical agents were identified as potential risk factors for diabetes type 2. Conclusion Different risk factors are probably responsible for developing type 2 diabetes among individuals with and without positive family history of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Psoriasis Vulgaris and Its Associated Risk Factors in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 390-395
Author(s):  
Syeda Ujala Sohail ◽  
Nasima Iqbal ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Sarwath Fatimee ◽  
Ayesha Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Family History ◽  
Psoriasis Vulgaris ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
P Value ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Aim: To find out the prevalence of psoriasis vulgaris and its associated risk factors. Study Design: Descriptive cross-sectional. Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted at Rawalpindi Leprosy Hospital during January 2019 to December 2019. Methodology: The diagnosed cases of Psoriasis Vulgaris (PsV) were included in the study. All the patients were investigated on the basis of an in depth Performa. The Performa include all the relevant clinical and family history of the patient along with the personal details. Data was analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. All the numerical variables were presented as mean with standard deviation while categorical data as frequency and percentages. The association of risk factors with the Psoriasis was calculated by using the Chi-square test. p-value less than 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Mean age with standard deviation of patients was 34.7±14. Most of the diagnosed patients were male and below 40 years of age, only 4.2% cases were having positive family history of Psoriasis and found significant correlation. The frequency of onset of symptoms in adolescent was more as compared to childhood i.e. 95.3% and 4.7% respectively. Majority of psoriasis cases (65.3%) were from non-smoker group and having strong association with smoking. The frequency of arthritis among psoriasis patients was 23.7% and majority of the patients, who developed arthritis were those having age <40 year and were suffering from psoriasis since 5-10 years. Conclusion: Current study concluded that Psoriasis vulgar is having higher prevalence rate among male and below 40 years of age group. The results also suggested a strong association of severity of psoriasis with certain risk factors including family history, age of onset of symptoms, smoking and arthritis.

scholarly journals BREAST CANCER;

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (06) ◽  
pp. 1128-1132
Author(s):  
Abeer Nisar ◽  
M Naim Siddiqi ◽  
Naveed ur Rehman ◽  
Raza ur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
American Woman ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Civil Hospital ◽  
Early Menarche ◽  
History Of

Objective: To assess the risk factors for breast cancer in patients attending oncology OPD of civil hospital Karachi, Pakistan. Introduction: Breast cancer is the single largest cause of death among women1,2. The probability of American woman developing breast cancer in their life is 7 in 11. Studies from subcontinent show that the incidence of breast cancer is increasing, with an estimated 80,000 new cases diagnosed annually. Breast cancer is the second most common type of cancer after lung cancer in Pakistan and ranked first in women. Only 10% women are diagnosed, out of them, 75% women do not get treatment and die within 5 years6. Data from Pakistan about the risk factors or association is not only scanty but also does not comment on the use of fatty diet in breast cancer patients. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study conducted at Oncology OPD of civil hospital Karachi (CHK) from October 2009 -April 2011. One Hundred and Fifty consecutive patients having histopathalogical diagnosis of breast cancer were assessed for different risk factors that included marital status, parity, age, menopausal status, family history of breast cancer, prolong use of oral contraceptives, breast feeding, , early menarche, trauma to the breast and fatty diet. Result: Mean age of patients was 48 years. Three fourth (73%) of these female were above the age of 40 years. Consumption of fatty diet was found in 62.67% while positive family history of breast cancer was present in 34% of the cases. Early menarche and being nulliparous were not as strong risk factors as in previous studies. Conclusions: Our study has highlighted the need of further exploration in this area that would not only help this population but also enhance our understanding of different risk factors. This will have important implications for the overall management of breast cancer.

scholarly journals Evaluation of multiple risk factors involved in the development of Diabetic Retinopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syeda Birjees Anwar ◽  
Naveed Asif ◽  
Syed Abid Hassan Naqvi ◽  
Sidra Malik
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
Duration Of Diabetes ◽  
Multiple Risk Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Objective: To determine the role of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking and positive family history of diabetes and hypertension in the development of diabetic retinopathy. Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted at the Department of Chemical Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi over 2 years period from June 2014 to June 2016. One hundred consecutive diabetic patients with no signs of diabetic retinopathy and good glycemic control (HbA1c<6.5%) were registered by non-probability convenient sampling after taking written informed consent. They were evaluated for hypertension, hyperlipidemia and smoking status. These patients were then followed 6 monthly for 2 years to look for the development of diabetic retinopathy. Results: The mean age of the patients was 50.72±9.29 years and there were 57 (57%) male and 43 (43%) female patients. Majority (82%) of the patients had NIDDM. The mean duration of diabetes was 8.31±6.83 years. 11% of the patients were smoker, 37% were hypertensive, 6% had hyperlipidaemia, 62% had family history of diabetes and 30% had family history of hypertension. At the end of follow-up, 9 (9.0%) patients had diabetic retinopathy. The frequency of diabetic retinopathy increased with increasing age of the patient; however, the difference was statistically insignificant. A comparatively higher frequency of diabetic retinopathy was also seen in patients with IDDM and those with positive family history of diabetes and hypertension yet again, the difference was statistically insignificant. Also, no significant difference was noted among male and female genders and smokers vs. non-smoker. However, the frequency of diabetic retinopathy increased significantly with increasing duration of diabetes. It was also higher among those with hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Conclusion: Higher patient age (≥50 years), increasing duration of diabetes (≥20 years), insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and positive family history of diabetes and hypertension were found to be associated with increased frequency of diabetic retinopathy. How to cite this:Anwar SB, Asif N, Naqvi SAH, Malik S. Evaluation of multiple risk factors involved in the development of Diabetic Retinopathy. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(1):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.1.279 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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