scholarly journals QUALITY OF MILK PRODUCTION OF THE HOLSTEIN COWS DEPENDING ON DIFFERENT FACTORS

2020 ◽  
pp. 155-159
Author(s):  
Murodulla Eshonqulovich Ashirov ◽  
Khusniddin Abdiolimovich Donaev ◽  
Alo Askarovich Yuldashev
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Group I ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Local Selection

Studies have revealed that despite the selection, the Holstein cows have a high genetic potential of milk production and in all lactations it is good in the specific conditions of the hot climate of Uzbekistan. The milk production level of German cows for the first lactation was 6511.2 kg of milk with a fat content of 3.84%, the Dutch — 6653.0 kg with fat content of 3.95%, and local breed — 6495.2 kg with a fat content of 3.95%. All mature cows retained high milk production, for III lactation and older it was 7112.5 kg and 3.90%, 7266.0 kg and 3.90%, 6847.5 kg and 3.94%, respectively. The yield of Dutch breeding cows was higher for 1 lactation by 141.80–157.8 kg, for III lactation and older by 153.5–418.5 kg, the yield of milk fat by 12.8–6.3 kg, respectively, of indicators peers of German and local selection. The cows of the studied selections combined well with high milk yield and fat content. The level of 4% milk for the studied lactation in all cows was quite high and testified to its good nutritional value. Holstein cows of different breeds are distinguished by a strong dairy type. For I lactation, for every 100 kg of live weight, 1,159.0–1265.5 kg of milk was produced, for III lactation and older - 1200.0–1308.6 kg. It is revealed that milk productivity depends on the level of live weight of cows. The increase in body weight of cows in all groups provides an increase in milk yield, milk fat yield, milk yield of 4% milk. Milk productivity is interrelated with the duration of the service period. In group I, cows with a service period of 91–100 days were more productive, in group II, 81–90 and in group III, up to 80 days. The use of Holstein cows for the production of milk is effective and ensures an increase in its production, the creation of highly productive dairy herds and the production of high-quality maintenance stock. KEYWORDS: Holstein breed, herd, milk yield, milk, fat, selection.

Milk productivity of the cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds in environment of the Novosibirsk region

2020 ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Zheltikov ◽  
N. Kostomakhin ◽  
D. Adushinov ◽  
O. Zaiko ◽  
V. Dementev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Novosibirsk Region ◽  
Daily Milk Yield

The characteristic of milk productivity of cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds in LLC “Sibirskaya Niva” in the Maslyaninsky district in the Novosibirsk region has been given. It has been revealed that under the natural and climatic environments of the Western Siberia, when creating favorable conditions for feeding and housing for cows of Holstein and Simmental breeds have sufficiently high milk productivity. It has been found that Holstein first-calf heifers surpassed their Simmental herdmates by 959 kg in milk yield for the first 305 days of lactation under the same conditions of housing and feeding, by 3,1 kg in daily milk yield, by 38,2 kg in milk fat yield, and by 28,3 kg in milk protein yield (P < 0,001). There were no statistically significant differences between animals of Holstein and Simmental breeds in terms of fat and protein content in milk, which amounted to 3,94 and 2,96 % in Holstein breed and 3,97 and 2,98 % in Simmental breed, respectively. Both breeds have shown high milk productivity during the first 3 lactations. Thus, the milk yield of Holstein cows for the first 3 lactation was 6475–9290 kg, Simmental cows it was 5516–7680 kg, fat content was 3,93–3,99 and 3,96–3,97 %, respectively. The protein content in the milk of cows of both breeds did not exceed 3,0 %. High variability has been found in milk yield, yield of milk fat and protein, the coefficient of milk content and duration of lactation, the lowest in the content of protein and fat in milk and live weight. The correlation coefficients between the fat and protein content in milk were generally positive, but did not exceed 0,28. Therefore, breeding in the herd of cows in LLC “Sibirskaya Niva” have to be conducted not only by fat content, but also by protein content in milk.

scholarly journals Reproductive ability and milk productivity of cows depending on breeding value of their progenitors

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (74) ◽  
pp. 48-51
Author(s):  
L. V. Ferenz
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

The influence of bullock`s different breeding value for reproductive ability and milk production of their  daughters were investigated. Established that the age of first productive insemination of heifers Ukrainian black spotted milk breed, was 17.5–18.6 months and age of first calving – 26.6–27.8 months. Heifers` live weight at the first insemination was 361.4–407.1 kg. During first lactation the highest productivity had daughters from parents with breeding value by milk yield more than 801 kg. In the first lactation wasn’t found significant difference in duration service-period and interparturition-period for cows derived from progenitors with different breeding value. In the second lactation best indexes in duration service-period and interparturition-period for cows derived from progenitors with breeding value by milk yield 601–800 kg and more than 801 kg. In the third, the highest lactation, these indexes were best for cows derived from progenitors with breeding value by milk yield 601–800 kg. The difference in milk yield during first lactation between heifers received from progenitors with breeding value by milk yield less than 200 kg and heifers from bullock`s  with breeding value 401–600 kg was 292 kg. The difference in milk yield between heifers received from progenitors with breeding value by milk yield less than 200 kg and heifers from bullock`s  with breeding value  with breeding value 601–800 kg  was 660.3 kg. The difference in milk yield between heifers received from progenitors with breeding value by milk yield less than 200 kg and heifers from bullock`s  with breeding value more than 801 kg was  920.8 kg In the second lactation this difference was 589.8 (Р < 0.001), 841.5 (Р < 0.001) і 894.4 (Р < 0.001) kg of milk, in the third, the highest lactation – 754.5 (Р < 0.001), 951.8 (Р < 0.001) і 1335.7 кг (Р < 0.001).

ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ КОРОВ ХОЛМОГОРСКОЙ ПОРОДЫ С РАЗЛИЧНОЙ СТЕПЕНЬЮ ГОЛШТИНИЗАЦИИ В УСЛОВИЯХ РЕСПУБЛИКИ КОМИ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. NIKOLAEV ◽  
N.A. SHEMURANOVA
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Komi Republic ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Blood Content ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
The Third ◽  
Economic Use

Представлены данные о продуктивности коров холмогорской породы и их помесей с различной степенью голштинизации. В период с 2000 по 2019 год установлено, что в условиях Республики Коми коровы с долей кровности более 75 по голштинской породе превосходят чистопородный холмогорский скот по показателям молочной продуктивности и жира в молоке за 1-ю лактацию на 40,3 и 0,63 абс., а в 3-ю на 52,8 и 0,64 абс., соответственно. Однако повышение молочности за лактацию не приводит к увеличению пожизненного производства молока, что обусловлено снижением продолжительности хозяйственного использования. У коров с долей кровности по голштинам более 75 средний возраст выбытия составляет 2,400,11 отела, что в 1,5 раза меньше по сравнению с чистопородными животными.Наибольший пожизненный удой имеют животные с кровностью 50, полученные при скрещивании чистопородного голштинского и холмогорского скота (19850618 кг), а наименьший с кровностью 2550 при разведении помесей в себе (123281134 кг). Продукция молочного жира за все лактации у коров с кровностью 50 составляет 799,625,3 кг, что в 1,9 раз больше аналогичного показателя животных с долей кровности до 25. При учете молочной продуктивности на 1 день жизни животного установлено, что наибольший показатель наблюдается у коров с кровностью 50 7,4 кг молока натуральной жирности, а при пересчете на базисную жирность (3,4) у высококровных (более 75) по голштинской породе помесей (9,00,3 кг), где также наблюдается наибольший показатель производства молочного жира на 1 день жизни 307,310,1 г.The article presents data on the productivity of cows of the Kholmogorskaya breed and their crosses with varying degrees of holsteinische. In the course of studies conducted in the period from 2000 to 2019, it was found that in the Komi Republic, cows with a blood content of more than 75 of the Holstein breed outperform pure-bred Kholmogorsky cattle in terms of milk productivity and fat in milk for the first lactation by 40.3 and 0.63, and in the third by 52.8 and 0.64 respectively. However, an increase in milk yield per lactation does not lead to an increase in lifetime milk production, which is due to a decrease in the duration of economic use: in cows with a Holstein blood ratio of more than 75, the average leaving age is 2.400.11 calving, which is 1.5 times less than in purebred animals. The highest lifetime yield is given to animals with a blood content of 50 obtained by crossing Chi-pedigree Holstein and Kholmogorsky cattle (19850618 kg), and the lowest with a blood content of 2550 when breeding crossbreeds in themselves (123281134 kg). The production of milk fat during all lactation in cows with a blood content of 50 is 799.625.3 kg, which is 1.9 times more than in animals with a blood content of up to 25. When accounting for milk production on a day in the life of an animal is established that the highest milk yield observed in cows with percentage of the blood 50 and 7.4 kg of milk, natural fat content, and at recalculation on basic fat content (3.4) from 75 of the Holstein breed hybrids (9.00.3 kg), which also has the highest production of milk fat on day 1 of life 307.310.1 grams

scholarly journals Evaluation of highly productive cows by selection and genetic parameters

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (93) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
T. V. Pidpala ◽  
Yu. S. Matashnyuk
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Medium Level ◽  
High Level

Under the conditions of intensive technologies used in production of livestock products, the main selection feature that characterizes the economic feasibility of dairy farming and breeding value of animals is milk productivity. One of the factors that affects, not only the economy of production, but also the improvement of herds and breeds of cattle, is the use of highly productive cows. Therefore, the aim of our research was to assess the level of development of productive traits in Holstein cows under the conditions of intensive milk production technology, according to selection and genetic parameters. To conduct the study, a group of 1089 first-born cows was formed with the help of the Dairy Comp program and Microsoft Excel. The material for the research was the milk productivity of Holstein cows during the first three lactations. The level of development of selection traits in animals was determined by selection and genetic parameters. It was found that from the sample n = 1089 to the group of highly productive animals (“>10560”) were included 266 cows, and low-productive animals (“<8706”) – 249 first-borns. They had an average milk yield for the first lactation, 11439 kg of milk with a fat content of 3.96 % and 7737 kg of milk and 3.95 %, respectively. There is a difference in milk yield, milk fat and protein between the groups of cows “>10614” and “<8706”, but there is a general tendency towards changes in productivity with age. Based on the data of milk recurrence and the amount of milk fat of high-yielding cows (group “>10614”), it was found that higher values of the coefficient are characteristic of lactations I–III (rw= 0.105; rw= 0.135). As a result of comparative analysis it was found that low-yielding animals (group “<8706”) were characterized by higher recurrence rates for I–II and I–III lactation (rw = 0.345;rw = 0.316;rw = 0.320 and rw = 0.664;rw = 0.646;rw = 0.651, respectively). Higher rates of recurrence of traits of milk productivity are the characteristic of low-yielding cows (group “<8706”), i.e. they had more consistency of traits during different lactations and animals with a high level of productivity did not differ in age constancy. At a high level of milk yield in cows of group “>10614” appeared a negative correlation of low and medium level (r = -0.423). It was also found a negative correlation of low and medium level between milk yield and protein content in milk (r = -0.007… -0.332). At lower milk yields, there is no negative correlation between milk yield and fat content in milk. Thus, the existence of a negative correlation between milk yield and fat content in milk at a high level of animal productivity, and between milk yield and protein content in milk at both high and low levels of cow productivity was proved.

Influence of country of origin and lineage on the lifetime milk production of Holstein cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4, Accepted for print) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Roman Mylostyvyi ◽  
Wladimir Kindratowicz Kostiuk ◽  
Aleksandr Chernenko ◽  
Olena Khmeleva ◽  
Julia Duda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Dairy Management ◽  
Different Origins

<b>This work investigated the percentage influence of country of origin and lineage on parameters of lifetime milk production in Holstein cows brought as heifers to Ukraine from Western Europe. The animals were kept untethered in new, modern, uninsulated steel cowsheds in a large dairy complex. Data from the Orsek dairy management system were used to evaluate randomly selected cows of different origins with complete lactation for lifetime milk, fat and protein yield. Despite significant differences in milk productivity between animals depending on their country of origin and line, the share of the influence of these factors was fairly small. Two-way analysis of variance showed that the percentage influence of the line on lifetime milk yield was 5,5%, and its influence on the yield of milk fat and protein was 6,3-7,8%. The percentage influence of the country of origin was even smaller, at 0,5–2,6% (with a greater impact on milk yield). The rather small effect of the factors studied could be due to the influence of environmental factors (feeding and living conditions), which should be investigated in further studies. </b>

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP OF MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS WITH LIVE WEIGHT AND AGE AT THE FIRST INSEMINATION

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
G. D. Ilyashenko
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Dairy Breed ◽  
Intensive Growth

The efficiency of the use of cattle of one or another breed is determined both by the level of milk productivity and the ability of the cattle to reproduce. At the same time, the future reproductive capacity, milk yield and duration of economic use to a large extent depends on the live weight and age when heifers insemination. The purpose of research. Study the effect of live weight and age at the first insemination on the milk productivity cows of Ukrainian red dairy breed. Methods. The research was carried out in the breeding plant of the state enterprise "Elite" of the Kirovograd state agricultural research station of NAAS on 697 cows of Ukrainian red dairy breeds, which were found during 2004–2014. Milk productivity of cows and their live weight and age at the first insemination were investigated according to the materials of the primary zootechnical and pedigree records. The degree of connection of live weight and age at the first insemination with milk productivity was estimated by correlation analysis. One-factor dispersion analysis determined the level of influence of the age of the first insemination and live weight on the productivity of cows. The calculations were made using methods of mathematical statistics using the software package "STATISTICA-6.1". Results of research. By the analysis of milk production on experimental cows, determined, that its level depends on the live weight of animals at the first insemination. Therefore, cows with live weight at the first insemination was 420–439 kg, dominated by mercy unique live weight of 380 kg in the first lactation at 244 kg (6242 vs 5998 kg), td = 1,96 for the third – 1069 kg (7465 vs 6396 kg), td = 2,37 by best lactation 498 kg (7916 vs 7418 kg), td = 2,03, significance level for all lactation (P < 0,05). To the milk fat, accordingly, the predominance was 13.2 kg (260,2 vs 247,0 kg), 22,9 (309,5 vs 286,6 kg) and 21,0 kg (325,1 vs 304,1 kg), the difference is close to the true values. The peers with a live weight of 400–419 kg and 440 kg and more also yielded in the first milk yield. The difference the milk I, III and the best lactation was 72 kg, 219 kg and 91 161 kg, 674, 589 kg for milk fat yield 5 kg, 10.3, 6.1 kg and 11.5 kg, 28.8, 19.5 kg, respectively. Due to the lesser number of animals, the vast majority of values did not reach a reliable level. Studies of milk productivity of cows, depending on the age of the first insemination, showed that its cow was the highest, which were counted at the age of 455 days. The lowest rates of dairy productivity were the animals that were fertilized at the age of 606 or more days. Correlation analysis found the highly reliable of feedback age insemination of cows milk yield in the first three lactation (-0,25 ... -0,37). Similar patterns of feedback for somewhat lower correlation coefficients are noted with the release of milk fat (-0,23 ... -0,33). Coherence of live weight at the I insemination and follow-on milk production was significantly lower (compared with age insemination) in absolute value, for only a certain level of first lactation milk yield and milk fat yield (P < 0,05). The significant influence of the investigated factors on milk yield of cows is established. Thus, by milk yield and milk fat and protein for 305 days of lactation cows power of influence age of first insemination exceeded 50%, the fat and protein in milk index of potency is 32 and 30% by high-confidence values for milk yield and yield of milk protein and fat . Somewhat lower than 20 to 33%, the effect of live weight on the first insemination was shown on the performance of cows. Сonclusion. The heifers of the Ukrainian Red dairy breed in conditions of the Central region of Ukraine advisable to fertilize at the age of 455 days, or 14,5–15 months, when they reach the living weight of 420–439 kg. The revealed feedback of the inseminative age and milk productivity can be explained by more intensive growth, better development and economic rapidity of the previously diced heifers and its should lead to intensive rearing of young animals. Determined, that the force of age-old influence of the first insemination on the lactic productivity of the cows exceeds 50%, the live weight reaches from 20 to 33%. Discovered tendency also confirms the expediency of intensive growth of repair heifers.

scholarly journals THE ASSESSMENT OF THE ADAPTABILITY OF JERSEY BREED COWS

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
N. Pelekhaty ◽  
D. Kucher ◽  
O. Kochuk-Yashchenko ◽  
A. Lypianets
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Significant Deterioration ◽  
Reproductive Ability ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Jersey Cows ◽  
Adaptation Index

The results of the studies carried out highlight the assessment of the adaptive ability of Jersey cows. The conditions of keeping Jersey cows in the Dan Milk subsidiary contribute to the realization of high milk productivity, which is due to heredity, but cause a deterioration in their reproductive capacity. At the same time, a high manifestation of milk productivity and satisfactory reproductive ability have observed only in the daughters of DJ Jante 302761 – whose adaptation index was closer to zero and amounted to -2.7. The force of influence (ηx2) of paternal origin on the signs of milk production in first-calf calfs was 21.1% versus 5.9% of the generalized mean value for cows belonging to the line. It has been founded that according to the adaptation index, the state of animals those characterized by the absence of harmonious interaction with the environment – cows show high productivity with a significant deterioration in reproductive capacity, which indicates the presence of a feedback between these characteristics. It was found not high enough, but statistically significant influence (P < 0.01 – P < 0.001) on the adaptation level of first-calf cows by milk yield for 305 days of lactation (8.0%), milk fat and protein (7.0%). A statistically significant effect (ηx2 = 82%) of the signs of reproductive ability of cows (service period and period between calving) was found depending on their level of adaptation (P < 0.001). With an increase in the level of milk production of cows, was established a clear connection between the deterioration of the adaptive qualities of livestock. So with an increase in milk yield for the entire lactation from 6000 to 10000 kg of milk, the adaptation index decreases from -0.5 to -9.5, which is confirmed by a statistically significant difference between the extreme groups of animals with different levels of productivity (P < 0.001). According to the adaptation index, the condition of animals were characterize by the lack of harmonious interaction with the environment - cows show high milk productivity with a significant deterioration in reproductive capacity, which indicates the inverse relationship between these traits. The influence of the father and belonging to the lines on such indicators of milk productivity as: yield for 305 days of lactation, milk fat and protein (P < 0.05 – P < 0.001) was statistically significant. Significant effect of increasing the level of milk yield of cows was observed on such signs of reproductive capacity as: service period, period between calves and reproductive ability coefficient (P < 0,001). There was no statistically significant effect of belonging to the lines and offspring of specific breeders on the signs of reproduction of cows in general (P > 0.05). We found that the reproductive quality of cows is more influenced by the level of milk yield of cows during lactation (23.1%, at P < 0.001), which is confirmed by our previous studies. The conditions of keeping Jersey cows in the Dan Milk State Enterprise contribute to the realization of high milk productivity, which is due to heredity, but causes a deterioration in their reproductive capacity.

scholarly journals Interdependence of productive properties of Holstein breed cows on biomass and use of mobile milking machines

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 02018
Author(s):  
M. Ashirov ◽  
D. Omonov ◽  
R. Khalilov ◽  
U. Rakhimov
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Cost

Studies have established that the highest monthly milk yield in cows of all groups was noted in the third month of lactation. In this month of lactation in cows of the III group with a live weight of 481 kg and more, the monthly milk yield was, respectively, 44 and 24 kg higher than in the peers of the I and II groups. The highest monthly milk yield of cows of groups I, II and III was, respectively, 12.33%, 12.37% and 12.53% of milk yield per lactation. Studies have confirmed that the level of payment for feed with dairy products is closely related to the level of milk production of cows. The cost of feed units for milk production in high-yielding cows is noticeably lower than in less productive peers. It was also found that the use of mobile mobile milking machines contributes to the complete milking and the manifestation of the potential of milk productivity of Holstein cows.

MODERN CONDITION AND PROSPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE UKRAINIAN WHITEHEAD BREED

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 194-202
Author(s):  
S. L. Voitenko ◽  
L. V. Vishnevsky
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The Future ◽  
Efficiency Of Selection ◽  
Selection Of

The article shows the state of Ukrainian Whiteheaded cattle, which includes distribution of cattle, the number of animals belonging to respective bloodlines, evaluation of young animals with live weight in the process of growing and milk production of cows during the first lactation. It reflects the historic development of the breed when it was colonism whiteheaded cattle, which turned into the original breed, undergone a significant expansion in livestock and increase of productivity, decreased in the number, was as basis for creation of Ukrainian Black-and-White dairy breed and now bred only in one breeding farm. Visual estimation of animal exterior showed good development of cows and calves and their belonging to the dairy type. In the vast majority the cows of the herd have a black suit, a white head with " glasses" around the eyes, white belly, udder, lower legs and brush of the tail. The youngsters aren’t consolidated by the exterior, and among them there are animals which are not typical for Ukrainian Whiteheaded breed. The young animals have some lag in live weight behind the breed standard [12] to 7 months’ age with exceeding of this trait in certain periods quite significantly in the future. It was established that selection of heifers on live weight will be effective at the early age (1-5 months), given the coefficient of variation of live weight – 22,63-30,21% and will not have a significant influence in the future. Milk yields of first-calf heifers vary considerably depending on the origin. The milk yield of first-calf heifers in the herd was 4238,5 kg on average, the heifers belonging to Mart 171 and Ozon 417 bloodlines had the best milk performance – 4483,1 and 4254,9 kg accordingly. The most aligned milk yield during the first lactation was in the cows belonging to Ozon 417 bloodline, the limits of the trait are 4128,5-4327,4 kg with the average value by the line 4254,9 kg. In contrast, the first-calf heifers of Ryezvyi 33 bloodline with average milk yield 4048,9 kg had limits of the trait 2199,3-4736,1 kg. Even greater range in cows’ milk yield during the first lactation R= 4939 kg (limits 1687 – 6626 kg) is characterized for the herd in general, it shows, on the one hand, the possibility of qualitative improvement of cows’ productivity due to selection on the investigated trait and lack of selection in the herd on the other hand. It was established that daughters of bull Chardash belonging to Ryezvyi 33 bloodline produced 4736,1 kg of milk for 305 days of the first lactation with fat content 3,6%, whereas Zlak’s descendants of the same line were characterized by the lowest milk yield for the first completed lactation – 2199,3 kg with fat content 3,7% and the average value by the line – 4048,9 kg of milk, fat content 3,6%. Similar variability of first-calf heifers’ milk yields, depending on the origin, is typical for other bloodlines of Ukrainian Whiteheaded breed. To increase milk productivity of Ukrainian Whiteheaded cows is recommended to repeat successful combinations of parental forms, and to preserve the breed – to carry out an objective assessment of animals by a range of traits, given the efficiency of selection of heifers on live weight at early age.

COMPARATIVE DESCRIPTION OF MILK PRODUCTIVITY OF COWS UKRAINIAN RED-AND-WHITE DAIRY CATTLE AND UKRAINIAN BLACK-AND-WHITE DAIRY CATTLE AND HOLSTEIN BREEDS IN SERF «OLEKSANDRIVSKE»

2016 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 6-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Gladiy ◽  
G. S. Kovalenko ◽  
S. V. Priyma ◽  
G. A. Holyosa ◽  
A. V. Tuchyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
The Third ◽  
Fat Yield ◽  
Selection Of

The main goal of dairy breeds selection should be improving breeding and productive qualities of animals under modern conditions. The majority of farms, using native breeds to produce milk, has created optimal conditions for keeping and feeding, selection and matching, growing of replacements etc. Further improvement of created native dairy breeds for economically useful traits occurs at total use of purebred Holstein bulls (semen) of foreign selection. In order to realistically assess milk productivity (milk yield, fat content in milk and fat yield) of Ukrainian Black-and-White and Red-and-White Dairy cows should be conducted a comparative analysis of Holstein cows under the same conditions of feeding and keeping. It was established that Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cows were characterized by the highest milk yields for 305 days of all lactations, taken into account, the among three investigated breeds. Their milk yield during the first lactation was 5933 kg of milk, during the second – 6393 kg, the third – 6391 kg and during higher lactation – 6650 kg. Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows were second by milk yield (except for the second lactation), during the first lactation – 5932 kg of milk, the third – 6462 kg and higher – 6541 kg, and Holstein cows were third, during the first lactation – 5794 kg of milk, the second – 6381 kg, the third – 6335 kg and higher – 6469 kg. The fat content was almost the same and varied within 3.49-3.58% in milk of Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cattle, 3.50-3.60% in milk of Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cattle and 3.50-3.56% in Holsteins’ milk. The difference between the breeds was within 0.01-0.04%. All the investigated breeds had predominance in fat yield for three lactations over standards of these breeds: Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cows from 75.1 to 93.4 kg, Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows – 75.1-89.0 kg respectively and Holstein cows – 41.9-60.2 kg. It was found different level of positive correlation between milk yield and fat yield in all the cases and high correlation (r = 0.604-0.921, P < 0.001) in five cases (41.7%) Negative correlation coefficients indicate that selection of animals to higher milk yield in the herd will decrease the second trait – fat content in milk. Positive and highly significant correlation between milk yield and fat yield indicates that selection of cows in the herd to higher milk yields will increase fat yield. It was revealed that bulls were among the factors impacted the milk productivity (milk yield, fat content, fat yield) of three investigated breeds. So, the force (η²x) of father’s impact on milk yield was15.4-47.9%, fat content – 22.0-43.4% and fat yield – 14.9-47.7% taking into account a lactation and a breed. The force of lines impact (η²x) was second; it was on milk yield 6.1-24.5%, fat content – 4.1-17.1 and fat yield – 5.8-23.5%. The force of breeds impact (η²x) was last; it was on milk yield 0.3-2.9%, fat content – 0.2-0.3% and fat yield – 0.6-2.7%. So, the comparative studies of milk productivity of Ukrainian Red-and-White and Black-and-White Dairy cattle with Holsteins indicate that under similar conditions of feeding and keeping, these native breeds can compete with Holstein cattle. The milk yield for 305 days of higher lactation was 6650 kg of milk in Ukrainian Red-and-White Dairy cows, 6541 kg in Ukrainian Black-and-White Dairy cows and 6469 kg in Holsteins. It was found the inverse correlation r = -0.025-0.316 between milk yield and fat content in milk in most cases. Selection and matching of animals in the herd should be carried out simultaneously on these traits. It was found positive repeatability of milk yields between the first and second, the third and higher lactations (rs = 0.036-0.741), indicating the reliability of forecasting increase in milk productivity during the next lactations in all herd. Bulls have the greatest impact (η²x) on milk productivity among the factors taken into account: milk yield – 15.4-47.9%, fat content in milk – 22.0-43.4% and fat yield – 14.9-47.7%.

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