Geopolitical situation in the South Caucasus

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-75
Author(s):  
Rəvanə İbrahim qızı Abbasova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Economic Crisis ◽  
The South ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
New Era ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Successful Strategy ◽  
Western Countries

The article discusses the importance of geopolitical weight in modern times, provides information about the geopolitical landscape of the new era. The geopolitical realities of a number of processes taking place here are discussed in the interest of a number of countries in the Caucasus, both in and out of the region. It reflects the interests of Western countries in the region, as well as Azerbaijan's position in the Caucasus and the processes taking place there. Also touched upon the events that took place during the Second Karabakh War in 2020. Key words: II Karabakh War, Outpost country, Successful strategy, geopolitical weight, economic crisis, Geopolitical scene, qlobal trends

scholarly journals Experiencing Europeanization in the Black Sea and South Caucasus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver Reisner
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Governance Reform ◽  
European Studies ◽  
The South ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Norm Diffusion ◽  
The Eu

The book series European Studies in the Caucasus offers innovative perspectives on regional studies of the Caucasus. By embracing the South Caucasus as well as Turkey and Russia, it moves away from a traditional viewpoint of European Studies that considers the countries of the region as objects of Europeanization. This second volume demonstrates this by looking into forms of inter-regionalism in the Black Sea–South Caucasus area in fields of economic cooperation, Europeanization of energy and environmental policies, discussing how the region is addressed in the elaboration of a new German Eastern Policy. In the section on norm diffusion, the contributors assess the normative power strategy of the EU and its paradoxes in the region, its impact on civil society development in Armenia, and democracy promotion in Georgia. In the section on legal approximation, issues of a global climate change regime and competition law in Georgia as well as penitentiary governance reform in the South Caucasus according to EU standards and policies are analyzed. All contributions also review regional or local contestations for the topics discussed here.

Constructing the ‘European’

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatrix Futák-Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Collective Identity ◽  
European Identity ◽  
European Neighbourhood Policy ◽  
The South ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Culture History ◽  
Eu Policies ◽  
Economic Ties ◽  
European Civilization

This chapter is about collective identity and how practitioners define this highly complex topic. Two main patterns emerge from the corpus. Practitioners’ main concerns while discussing the concept of ‘European’ identity are as follows: to differentiate between European neighbours and the neighbours of Europe, and to account for the European credentials of the South Caucasus or Kazakhstan. In addressing differentiation between the neighbours, practitioners draw on geography, culture, history and economic ties to distinguish between countries which are in Europe and those which are not. At the same time practitioners make explicit distinctions between the key EU policies: the European Neighbourhood Policy and the enlargement policy. They also build up the category of the ‘European’. When they offer accounts of the South Caucasus and Kazakhstan, one practitioner relies on a heredity account of the European civilization, while others seek to justify, in different ways, the European-ness of the Caucasus and potentially Kazakhstan.

scholarly journals Turkish policy in the South Caucasus

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-297
Author(s):  
M. S. Suvanova
Keyword(s):  
Global Politics ◽  
The South ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The Status ◽  
Energy Aspect ◽  
Effective Policy ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
Cultural Components

The South Caucasus region traditionally has an important role to play in global politics. This region for centuries has been an arena of confrontation for geopolitical and geostrategic interests between regional states and world powers; this affected the main transport routes, different cultures and religions. With the collapse of the USSR, the South Caucasus became an important and strategic place for Western countries; this bolstered the weakening of Russian influence in the region and the creation of a catalyst for further strengthening of its partners. Western countries sought to establish control over the extraction and diversification of Azerbaijani hydrocarbons. To fulfill these goals Western countries have relied on their ally Turkey, which also pursues its interests in the South Caucasus region.Since the early 1990s, Turkey’s policy towards the countries of the South Caucasus has intensified. Turkey developed policies of expanding its influence in the region. These policies were complex; it included both economic, energy and cultural components. A key element of Turkey’s policy in the region was the energy aspect. In the issue of diversifying the energy resources of the South Caucasus Turkey has made significant progress by implementing projects of pipelines going through its territory, she achieved the status of an energetic conveyor. Another important area of Turkey’s policy in the South Caucasus was the cultural and educational aspect. It is based on the policy of «neo-Ottomanism», which includes elements of «pan-Turkism». The main purpose of this idea was to expand Turkey’s influence by educating pro-Turkic youth in the countries of the region, and also create a positive image for Turkey among various segments of the population that would support its policies.The peculiarity of Turkey’s policy is a multilateral and flexible policy that includes both economic integration, energy cooperation, and a soft and effective policy that includes cultural interaction based on ethnic and linguistic similarity. 

Russian defence policy in the Caucasus

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Stephen Blank
Keyword(s):  
Military Deployments ◽  
The South ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
The West ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Military Buildup ◽  
Defence Policy

Since the Russo-Georgian war of 2008 Moscow has embarked upon a steady and relentless military buildup across the Caucasus. This buildup actually accelerated after 2010, allegedly on account of Russian expectations that the West would attack Iran and of Iranian retaliation against US-Israeli interests and allies in the Caucasus. Such unrealistic pretexts are more likely to be justifications for Moscow’s determination to assert through military means a continuing neo-imperial project in the Caucasus. Russian policies and military deployments make clear that Russia still cannot accept the independence and sovereignty of the South Caucasus states and aims at having a completely free hand to use force in the region as it sees fit. This can only detract from the region’s security. These developments are the focus of this article.

Contribution to the knowledge of Carabus (Lipaster) stjernvalli Mannerheim, 1830 in the Caucasus, with description of two new subspecies (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Carabini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4729 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-328
Author(s):  
DMITRIY D. FOMINYKH ◽  
ALEXANDR S. ZAMOTAJLOV ◽  
EUGENIY E. KHOMITSKIY ◽  
ANDREY YU. TITARENKO
Keyword(s):  
Mountain Range ◽  
The South ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
Distribution And Ecology

Based on material collected by the authors in the South Caucasus mainly in 2014-2018, further data are provided on the taxonomy, distribution, and ecology of the Carabus Linnaeus, 1758 subgenus Lipaster Motchulsky, 1866. C. stjernvalli paravanicus subsp. nov. is described from the vicinity of lake Paravani and C. stjernvalli kartalinicus subsp. nov.—from the NE Trialeti Mountain Range and its vicinity. The subspecific status of C. stjernvalli bogatshevi Zamotajlov, 1989 is resurrected. 

scholarly journals Bridging the Divide: Marriage Politics across the Caucasus

Electrum ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 221-244
Author(s):  
Lara Fabian
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Hellenistic Period ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The South ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Political World ◽  
The North ◽  
Early Relationships ◽  
And Control

The early relationships between the polities of Armenia and K‘art‘li in the South Caucasus and their neighbours in the North Caucasus is a central, but underappreciated, factor in the development of the South Caucasus’ social and political world in the Hellenistic period. Typically, only military aspects of these interactions are considered (e.g., Alan raids and control thereof). Hazy evidence of cross-Caucasus marriage alliances preserved in both the Armenian and Georgian historiographic traditions, however, hints at a far wider sphere of interaction, despite the inherent challenges in gleaning historical reality from these medieval accounts. This paper contextualizes two stories of cross-Caucasus marriage related to foundational dynastic figures in the Armenian and Georgian traditions, Artašēs and P‘arnavaz respectively, within a wider body of evidence for and thought about North-South Caucasus interaction. Taken as a whole, this consideration argues that North-South relationships should be seen as integral to the political development of the South Caucasus.

scholarly journals ON THE QUESTION OF IRANIAN LEXICAL ELEMENTS IN THE LANGUAGES OF THE SOUTH CAUCASUS.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Э.Б. Сатцаев
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
The South ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Organic Part ◽  
The North ◽  
Persian Language

Кавказ является одной из сложных в этническом отношении областей в мире. Большинство национальных групп проживает на территории Северного Кавказа. Южный же Кавказ (Закавказье) не отличается разнообразием национального состава. Азербайджанцы, грузины, армяне, осетины, абхазы и талыши являются коренными народами Южного Кавказа и тысячелетиями живут на его территории. Язык азербайджанцев относится к тюркской группе алтайской семьи. Армянский язык составляет отдельную группу в индоевропейской семье. Грузинский язык входит в картвельскую семью. Осетины и талыши являются ирано-язычными народами. Язык абхазов относится к адыго-абхазской языковой семье. В результате длительного культурно-исторического и политического общения с иранскими народами в языки Южного Кавказа вошло большое число иранских элементов. В грузинском языке лексика иранского происхождения соотносится со всеми иранскими языковыми эпохами – древней, средней и новой. Она составляет органическую часть грузинского языка, входя в основное ядро его лексики. По причине значительной близости древнеиранских языков затруднительно установить, какой именно из них стал источником того или иного заимствования. В последние столетия грузинский вобрал в себя значительное количество слов из новоперсидского и осетинского языков. Армянский этнос тысячелетиями находился в тесном контакте с иранскими народами. Эти связи нашли свое отражение в армянском языке. Армянский, как и грузинский, заимствовал большое количество иранской лексики. Азербайджанский язык сформировался сравнительно недавно и испытал огромное влияние новоперсидского языка. Через посредство персидского языка в языки Южного Кавказа проникла также арабская лексика. Характер лексической смешанности языков Южного Кавказа значительно сложнее чисто количественных или только цифровых сопоставлений. Этот вопрос может быть решен путем конкретных исследований в различных областях словарного состава, прежде всего в историческом плане. The Caucasus is one of the most ethnically complex regions in the world. The majority of national groups live in the North Caucasus. The Southern Caucasus (Transcaucasia) does not differ in the diversity of its national composition. Azerbaijanis, Georgians, Armenians, Ossetians, Abkhazians and Talyshians are indigenous peoples of the South Caucasus and have lived on this territory for thousands of years. The Azerbaijanian language belongs to the Turkic group of the Altai family. Armenian language is a separate group in the Indo-European family. The Georgian language belongs to the Kartvelian family. Ossetians and Talyshians are Iranian-speaking peoples. The Abkhazian language belongs to the Adygo-Abkhazian language family. As a result of long-term cultural, historical and political communication with the Iranian peoples, a large number of Iranian elements have entered the languages of the South Caucasus. In the Georgian language, the vocabulary of Iranian origin corresponds to all the Iranian language epochs – ancient, middle and new. It forms an organic part of the Georgian language, forming the main core of its vocabulary. Due to the significant proximity of the ancient Iranian languages, it is difficult to determine which of them could have been the source of a particular loan. In recent centuries, Georgian has absorbed a significant number of words from the new Persian and Ossetian languages. The Armenian ethnic group has been in close contact with the Iranian peoples for thousands of years. These connections are reflected in the Armenian language. Armenian, like Georgian, borrowed a large amount of Iranian vocabulary. The Azerbaijanian language was formed relatively recently and was greatly influenced by the new Persian language. Through the medium of the Persian language, Arabic vocabulary also penetrated into the languages of the South Caucasus. The character of lexical mixing of the languages of the South Caucasus is much more complex than purely quantitative or only digital comparisons. This issue can be resolved through specific research in various areas of vocabulary, primarily in historical terms.

scholarly journals Modelling transportation of desert dust to the South Caucasus using WRF Chem model

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 ◽  
pp. 03011
Author(s):  
Teimuraz Davitashvili
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Regional Climate ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Dust Aerosol ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Complex Topography ◽  
The South ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Desert Dust

The problem of the ongoing climate change resulting from natural and growing anthropogenic factors acquires a particular importance for the territory of the Caucasus. Dust aerosol represent one of the main pollutants on the territory of Georgia and impact on regional climate. In this study, the WRF Chemistry model with dust module is used to study transportation of dust to the territory of the South Caucasus from the Sahara and Sahel in Africa, Arabian and ar-Rub’ al-Khali deserts located in the Middle East, Kyzylkum, Karakum in the Central Asia. The results of calculations have shown the WRF model was able to simulate dust aerosols transportation to the Caucasus reliably in conditions of the complex topography and that dust aerosol is an important factor in the climate system of the South Caucasus.

The main characteristics of the wrinkled relief on the southern slope of the Greater Caucasus

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 (04) ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Qüdrət Tərlan oğlu Məmmədli ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
The South ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
Greater Caucasus ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Mountain System ◽  
Caucasus Mountains

Like other mountainous regions of the Caucasus, the South-Eastern Caucasus is an epigeosynclinal mountain system formed by the first and middle alpine folds. Between the Alpine fold stage and the orogenic stage, the South-East Caucasus Mountains were denuded and turned into hilly, low mountain plains in the Oligocene and Miocene. Wrinkled structures were destroyed by denudation and a mostly neutral relief type was formed. Key words: Greater Caucasus, southern slope of the Greater Caucasus, morphostructure, wrinkled relief, geological development

scholarly journals Karabakh Knot of Geopolitical Contradictions in the South Caucasus

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
V. G. Kogut ◽  
G. N. Nuryshev
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
The South ◽  
South Caucasus ◽  
Greater Caucasus ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Chess Game

The aim of the work was to study the geopolitical processes in the South Caucasus, representing the “Eurasian Balkans”. Based on the discourse analysis, the geopolitical position of the region and the geopolitical interests of its main actors were considered. The transformation of the Karabakh knot of geopolitical contradictions from a regional confrontation into a special “chess game” with the active participation of Western countries is shown. In this game Turkey is trying to become the leading center for development a new geopolitical structure of interaction between the Eurasian Turkic-speaking states as opposed to the Russian Eurasian project. It is concluded that only Russia can become the guarantor of peace and exert geopolitical influence on the wider region of the Greater Caucasus.

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