scholarly journals Pelaksanaan Asas Hukum Retroaktif terhadap Penegakan Hukum Pidana dalam Rangka Efektivitas Pengembalian Keuangan Negara

2018 ◽  
pp. 56-67
Author(s):  
Subarysah Subarysah
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Financial Return ◽  
Legal Principle ◽  
The Law ◽  
Criminal Legislation ◽  
Financial Losses

Abstract. The  consequence  of  within  the  legality  principle  in  Indonesian  legislation  is  the prohibition  of  retroactively  imposing  a  criminal  legislation  or  known  as  non-retroactive,  related  to  the  financial  losses  of  the  state  especially  regarding  the criminal   act   of   corruption   that   occurred   prior   to   the   issuance   of   the   law, retroactive law in the return of state finances based on the losses incurred to the state caused by a crime, in principle regulated in the PTPK Law because one of the purposes of the enactment of Law no. 31 of 1999 in conjunction with Law no. 20  of  2001  is  to  restore  the  state  losses.  Therefore,  the  enforcement  of  criminal law  prioritizes  the  return  of  state  money  from  corruptor  actors,  how  is  the implementation  of  retroactive  legal  principle  in  criminal  law  enforcement  in  the framework  of  effectiveness  of  state  financial  return  as  well  as  what  implications and constraints that arise in the mechanism of implementation of retroactive legal principle in rangaka settlement of state finances. Abstrak. Konsekuensi dari dalam asas legalitas dalam peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia adalah larangan memberlakukan surut suatu perundang-undangan pidana atau yang dikenal dengan istilah non-retroaktif, terkait kerugian keuangan negara  khususnya mengenai tindak pidana  korupsi yang terjadi sebelum keluarnya undang-undang itu, pelaksanaan asas hukum retroaktif dalam pengembalian  keuangan negara  yang didasarkan kepada  kerugian  yang  terjadi terhadap  negara  yang  disebabkan  oleh suatu  tindak  pidana,  secara  prinsip  diatur dalam  UU  PTPK  karena  salah  satu  tujuan  diundangkannya  Undang-Undang  No. 31 Tahun 1999 jo Undang-Undang No. 20 Tahun 2001 adalah untuk mengembalikan  kerugian  negara. Oleh  karena  itu,  penegakan  hukum  pidananya lebih mengutamakan pengembalian kerugian uang negara dari para pelaku tindak pidana korupsi, bagaimanakah pelaksanaan asas hukum retroaktif dalam penegakan hukum pidana dalam rangka   efektivitas pengembalian keuangan negara serta Implikasi dan kendala apa yang muncul dalam mekanisme pelaksanaan asas hukum retroaktif dalam rangaka penyelesaian keuangan negara.

scholarly journals Criminal law policy about KPK authorities in the perspective of criminal action in corruption in Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-162
Author(s):  
Ilham Ilham
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
The State ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Constitutional Design ◽  
State Constitution ◽  
The People ◽  
Law Enforcement Agency ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Law

Criminal law policy of the authority of the Corruption Eradication Commission the authority associated with the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) is the state agency that are unconstitutional, although not spelled out in the state constitution is the 1945 Constitution. Corruption eradication commission (KPK) was formed to look at the nature of the corruption itself is an extraordinary crime, so it requires an independent institution to fight corruption in Indonesia. Background The Commission is not due to the formation of the constitutional design rigidly interpreted, but rather incidental issues in the country and the common will of the people of Indonesia to combat corruption. Position of the Commission as a state agency is independent and free from the influence of any power, it is meant for combating corruption Commission did not get the intervention of any party. The establishment of the Commission was also a response to the ineffectiveness of the law enforcement agency performance so far in combating corruption, which impressed protracted in handling even indicated there was an element of corruption in the handling of his case. The authority granted by the Act prosecution to the Commission under the authority of the legitimate .The authority of the Commission is constitutional, it is reinforced by a number of decisions of the Supreme constitution..

Goal-setting of criminal law impact as a special activity of the state

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Duyunov
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Goal Setting ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
The State ◽  
Law Schools ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Law Enforcement Officials ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Legislation

The monograph continues the study of the phenomenon of criminal law as a purposeful special state activity carried out in the order of the state's reaction to criminal behavior and crime. Proceeding from the key value of goal-setting and the goals of activities in the field of combating crime, the author attempted an in-depth study of this problem through the prism of the goals of the state policy of combating crime, the goals of criminal law impact, an analysis of the debatable problem of punishment and the problem of goal-setting in the criminal legislation of the Russian Federation. The monograph is intended for students, graduate students, researchers, teachers of law schools, law enforcement officials and all persons interested in the problems of criminal law.

scholarly journals PENERAPAN PERBUATAN MELANGGAR HUKUM DALAM RANGKA MEMBERIKAN PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM ATAS LAGU RAKYAT “TILLO-TILLO DAN ALATIPANG”

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yovan Iristian
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Copyright Protection ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Copyright Holder ◽  
Collective Property ◽  
The Law ◽  
First Time ◽  
Protection Period

ABSTRACTThe policy to determine the copyright holder on the song unknown its creator according to the Copyright Acts in Indonesia is performed by the State, in which the State holds that copyright consistently based on article 11 paragraph (3) of the Acts Number 19 of 2002 about copyright. The copyright is held by the State and to be the collective property. The protection period is without period of time or unlimited, in which the state is holding the copyright consistently. In Indonesia, the period of time for copyright protection generally is along the life of its creator plus 50 years or 50 years after for the first time it notified or published. This case conducted recalled the developments in trade, industry, and investment fields already such rapid, until need the protection increase for the Creator and Owner of the Related Right by keep pay attention to the vast society interest. The efforts reached for the law enforcement to the infringement to copyright on the song whose creator is unknown is by performing law enforcement based on the Acts Number 19 of 2002 about the copyright in Indonesia. In Chapter XII it is arranged that, the law enforcement on copyright is performed by the copyright holder in the civil law, but there is also the criminal law side.Key Words: Creator, Song Copyright

scholarly journals Aplikasi teori sadd al-dzarī‘ah dan fatḥ al-dzarī‘ah ke dalam peraturan TIPIKOR di Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-242
Author(s):  
Nasrullah Rullah
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of Use ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Many

The starting point of use between sadd and fatḥ is al-dzarī‘ah. In Madhab Mālik and Ḥanbālī, al-dzarī‘ah is prohibited and recommended. Al-Qarafī of Madhab Mālik and Ibn al-Qayyim of Madhab Hanbalī mention al-dzarī‘ah sometimes forbidden (called sadd al-dzarī‘ah) and are sometimes told (called fatḥ al-dzarī‘ah). In the study of fiqh jināyah (Islamic criminal law), the theory of sadd al-dzarī'ah and fatḥ al-dzarī'ahis still open to its development space, given the many ways in which criminal acts are carried out, such as corruption in Indonesia which has been rooted among officials. While the eradication is not maximal and requires a comprehensive set of regulations, so that various gaps in corruption in Indonesia can be indicated and all forms of disobedience to the state and people's welfare can be overcome because they contain greater values of maslahah. The two theories of Islamic criminal law, especially regarding sanctions for corruption, can be made possible in the law of eradicating corruption in Indonesia, thus creating anti-corruption laws in a stronger law enforcement process. 

scholarly journals KEBIJAKAN HUKUM PIDANA PENYELESAIAN PERKARA TINDAK PIDANA MELALUI UPAYA DIVERSI BAGI PELAKU DEWASA DALAM MEWUJUDKAN KEADILAN RESTORATIF

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bendry Almy
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Criminal Justice System ◽  
Restorative Justice ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Research Goal ◽  
The Law ◽  
Criminal Legislation

ABSTRAKPrinsip keadilan restoratif dalam peraturan perundang-undangan hukum pidana yang berlaku di Indonesia hanya diatur dalam Undang-Undang Sistem Peradilan Pidana Anak (SPPA) yang diaplikasikan dalam bentuk diversi, namun diversi tersebut hanya ditujukan bagi pelaku tindak pidana anak bukan untuk pelaku dewasa, peraturan perundang-perundangan pidana Indonesia belum mengatur prinsip keadilan restoratif bagi pelaku dewasa. Dalam praktik penegakan hukum, penerapan prinsip keadilan restoratif bagi pelaku dewasa sebagian telah dilaksanakan melalui diskresi, namun secara teoritis dan pratik pelaksanaan diskresi masih bermasalah karena belum memenuhi tiga nilai dasar hukum yaitu keadilan, kepastian dan kemanfaatan, dan diskresi juga bisa menimbulkan permasalahan ketidakadilan, karena adanya perbedaan perlakuan dalam proses penegakan hukum, sehingga asas “equality before the law” tidak dilaksanakan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pelaksanaan prinsip keadilan restoratif dalam peraturan perundang-undangan pidana yang berlaku di Indonesia dan bagaimana penerapan diversi bagi pelaku dewasa dalam rangka mewujudkan keadilan restoratif. Jenis penelitian yaitu penelitian hukum normatif atau penelitian hukum kepustakaan, untuk mencari dan menemukan data yang dibutuhkan untuk menjawab permasalahan. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa peraturan perundang-undangan hukum pidana Indonesia belum mengatur tentang prinsip keadilan restoratif bagi pelaku dewasa, prinsip keadilan restoratif diterapkan baru sebatas untuk pelaku anak yang diaplikasikan dalam bentuk diversi. Secara teoritis, historis, normatif dan praktik prosedural, diversi juga dapat diterapkan untuk menyelesaikan perkara tindak pidana yang dilakukan oleh orang dewasa, namun perlu adanya perubahan dan penyesuaian terutama dalam hal tujuan pelaksanaan, kwalifikasi jenis tindak pidana dan mekanisme atau prosedur pelaksanaannya.Kata kunci: kebijakan hukum pidana; anak; dewasa; diversi; keadilan restoratif.AbstractThe principle of restorative justice in criminal law regulations in force in Indonesia is only regulated in the Law on the Criminal Justice System for Children (SPPA) which is applied in the form of diversion, however the diversion is only intended for child offenders not for adult offenders, Indonesian criminal laws and regulations do not regulate the principle of restorative justice for adult offenders. In law enforcement practices, the application of the principle of restorative justice for adult offenders has been partially implemented through discretion, but theoretically and practically the implementation of discretion is still problematic because it does not meet the three basic legal values, namely justice, certainty and benefit, and discretion can also cause problems of injustice, due to differences in treatment in the law enforcement process, so the principle of "equality before the law" is not implemented. The research goal is to find out how the implementation of the principles of restorative justice in criminal legislation in Indonesia, and how the application of diversion for adult offenders in order to realize restorative justice. This type of research is normative research or library research, to search and find the data needed to answer the problem. The results of the study note that Indonesian criminal law regulations do not regulate the principles of restorative justice for adult offenders, the principle of restorative justice is applied only to the child offenders which is applied in the form of diversion. Theoretically, historically, normatively and procedural practice, diversion can also be applied to resolve cases by adult offenders, but there needs to be changes and adjustments especially in terms of implementation objectives, qualification of the type of crime and the mechanism or procedure for its implementation.Keywords: criminal law policy; children; adults; diversion; restorative justice.

scholarly journals Article 176 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation: The Problems of Application and the Ways of Improvement

Legal Concept ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 164-168
Author(s):  
Saida Berkovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Scientific Cognition ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Law ◽  
Criminal Legislation

Introduction: at present, it is impossible to imagine a modern market economy without loans. This is also evidenced by the data of the Bank of Russia on the volume of business lending. In the Russian criminal legislation, one of the barriers to the development of negative trends in lending is Article 176 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. However, in the law enforcement practice, there are problems with the application of Article 176 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Purpose: to identify the problems of application of Article 176 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and identify the ways to solve them. Methods: the methodological framework for the study is based on the methods of scientific cognition, which include the historical-legal, comparative-legal, formal-legal, logical and systematic approaches. Results: the paper discusses the problems of applying Article 176 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, which establishes the liability for illegal receipt of credit and preferential credit conditions, as well as for illegal receipt of a state target loan, as well as its use for other purposes. To solve these problems, it is necessary to improve the disposition of the criminal law norm on credit fraud. Conclusions: as a result of the conducted research, it is established that currently in Russia, lending is an important tool for financing entrepreneurship. At the same time, under the influence of various factors, the cases of non-repayment of loans to the credit institutions have become more frequent. In this regard, the legal solutions are needed that can affect the growth of the negative processes in the field of lending, in particular, it is necessary to improve the criminal law provision providing for the liability for illegal obtaining of credit.

scholarly journals Relationships Between the Interests of the Person and the State in the Criminal Law of the Russian Federation

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-304
Author(s):  
Aleksey Rarog
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Constitutional Law ◽  
General Rule ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Legislation ◽  
The Relationship

The author raises the problem of relationships between the interests of the person and public authorities, which has long occupied the minds of philosophers, sociologists, political scientists and lawyers, and which has an enormous criminological significance as it defines critically important directions of legislative, law enforcement and organizational-preventive activities. The author questions the legitimacy of characterizing this relationship as a balance, parity, or equality even in relation to the states who have constitutionally proclaimed themselves to be law-based states, because the monopoly of any state on the use of coercive force deliberately excludes a parity of interests. Evidently, it is only possible (somewhat conditionally) to discuss a harmony between the interests of the person and the state in relation to constitutional law. For other branches of law, the relationship between the interests of the person and the state should be characterized differently. Criminal law, repressive by its nature, cannot and should not treat a person who has committed a crime as a partner: it always holds this person accountable and, by a general rule, punishes him for the crime. This does not, however, at all mean that the interests of a person who has committed a crime are totally ignored. The key interest of this person consists in getting a minimal penalty for the committed actions. This interest is recognized by the state in different ways and to a different scope. The norms of criminal legislation of the Russian Federation, in which the interests of the state and the interests of the person who has committed a crime converge to some degree, could be divided into five groups: 1) norms-goals and norms-principles, where the interests of the state and the interests of the person who has committed a crime actually coincide; 2) norms-permissions; 3) norms-incentives; 4) norms-compromises; 5) norms-allowances. The author analyzes and assesses each of these criminal law norms.

PERSINGGUNGAN KEWENANGAN MENGADILI PENYALAHGUNAAN DISKRESI ANTARA PENGADILAN TUN DAN PENGADILAN TIPIKOR / INTERCEPTION OF JUSTICE AUTHORITY OF DISCRETION ABUSE BETWEEN ADMINISTRATION COURT AND CORRUPTION COURTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
Budi Suhariyanto
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
The State ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Criminal Process ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
State Finance ◽  
The Law ◽  
To Receive

Diskresi sebagai wewenang bebas, keberadaannya rentan akan disalahgunakan. Penyalahgunaan diskresi yang berimplikasi merugikan keuangan negara dapat dituntutkan pertanggungjawabannya secara hukum administrasi maupun hukum pidana. Mengingat selama ini peraturan perundang-undangan tentang pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi tidak merumuskan secara rinci yang dimaksudkan unsur menyalahgunakan kewenangan maka para hakim menggunakan konsep penyalahgunaan wewenang dari hukum administrasi. Problema muncul saat diberlakukannya Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2014 dimana telah memicu persinggungan dalam hal kewenangan mengadili penyalahgunaan wewenang (termasuk diskresi) antara Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara dengan Pengadilan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Pada perkembangannya, persinggungan kewenangan mengadili tersebut ditegaskan oleh Peraturan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 4 Tahun 2015 bahwa PTUN berwenang menerima, memeriksa, dan memutus permohonan penilaian ada atau tidak ada penyalahgunaan wewenang (termasuk diskresi) dalam Keputusan dan/atau Tindakan Pejabat Pemerintahan sebelum adanya proses pidana. Sehubungan tidak dijelaskan tentang definisi dan batasan proses pidana yang dimaksud, maka timbul penafsiran yang berbeda. Perlu diadakan kesepakatan bersama dan dituangkan dalam regulasi tentang tapal batas persinggungan yang jelas tanpa meniadakan kewenangan pengujian penyalahgunaan wewenang diskresi pada Pengadilan TUN.Discretion as free authority is vulnerable to being misused. The abuse of discretion implicating the state finance may be prosecuted by both administrative and criminal law. In view of the fact that the law on corruption eradication does not formulate in detail the intended element of authority abuse, the judges use the concept of authority abuse from administrative law. Problems arise when the enactment of Law No. 30 of 2014 triggered an interception in terms of justice/ adjudicate authority on authority abuse (including discretion) between the Administrative Court and Corruption Court. In its development, the interception of justice authority is affirmed by Regulation of the Supreme Court Number 4 of 2015 that the Administrative Court has the authority to receive, examine and decide upon the appeal there is or there is no misuse of authority in the Decision and / or Action of Government Officials prior to the criminal process. That is, shortly before the commencement of the criminal process then that's when the authority of PTUN decides to judge the misuse of authority over the case. In this context, Perma No. 4 of 2015 has imposed restrictions on the authority of the TUN Court in prosecuting the abuse of discretionary authority.

V. II principio dell’irretroattività della legge nell’esperienza giuridica romana dell’età repubblicana

2021 ◽  
Vol 138 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-273
Author(s):  
Umberto Laffi
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
First Century ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Law ◽  
Criminal Legislation ◽  
Epigraphic Evidence

Abstract The Principle of the Irretroactivity of the Law in the Roman Legal Experience in the Republican Age. Through an in-depth analysis of literary and legal sources (primarily Cicero) and of epigraphic evidence, the author demonstrates that the principle of the law’s non-retroactivity was known to, and applied by, the Romans since the Republican age. The political struggle favored on several occasions the violation of this principle by imposing an extraordinary criminal legislation, aimed at sanctioning past behaviors of adversaries. But, although with undeniable limits of effectiveness in the dynamic relationship with the retroactivity, the author acknowledges that at the end of the first century BC non-retroactivity appeared as the dominant principle, consolidated both in the field of the civil law as well as substantive criminal law.

Law enforcement practice of judicial authorities on tax disputes

2021 ◽  
pp. 550-563
Author(s):  
Alexandr V. Izmalkov ◽  
Alexander A. Kuznetsov ◽  
Pavel A. Kuznetsov ◽  
Ella Y. Kuzmenko
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Effect Relationship ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Law ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics ◽  
State Body

We analyze the law enforcement practice of judicial authorities on taxes and fees, since the Tax Code of the Russian Federation is a rather controversial regulatory legal act. Tax disputes arise both at the initiative of tax authorities and at the initiative of taxpayers. Purpose: to determine the main directions of law enforcement practice of courts in tax disputes. We use general scientific and specially legal methods as research methods. The focus is on the method of analysis. In the course of the research, we analyze the con-sideration of cases by judicial authorities on tax disputes, their quantitative and qualitative characteristics. We conclude that the emergence of disagree-ments between taxpayers and the state body when resolving the issue of the legality of their actions (inaction), as well as the legality of a non-normative legal act is the main reason for the formation of law enforcement practice in tax disputes. During the passage of all stages of the application of the law, it is also necessary to establish the existence of a cause-and-effect relationship between the actions of the taxpayer and the resulting consequences. The main points of this process go through several stages. We define the main directions of the law enforcement practice of courts in tax disputes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document