EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK STROBERI DAN JERUK MADU DALAM PERUBAHAN WARNA GIGI SECARA IN VITRO

ABSTRACT Changing tooth color affects a person's aesthetics. Methods to restore tooth discoloration include the use ofagents bleaching. This study aims to understand the differences in the effectiveness of strawberry and honey orange extracts intooth discoloration in vitro. This type of experimental laboratory research used 45 premolar tooth samples divided into 3 groups (50% strawberry extract and 10% carbamide peroxide concentration, 50% honey orange extract and 10% carbamide peroxide concentration and 10% carbamide peroxide concentration). Samples were immersed in coffee solution for 5 days and recorded color with a shade guide, then samples were immersed in the extract of strawberries, honey oranges and carbamide peroxide for 7 days in an incubator, then recorded color again visually with a shade guide. Data analysis used thestatistical tests Oneway Anova and Posthoc LSD. The color change of the sample group immersed in strawberry extract with carbamide peroxide resulted in a significant difference (p <0.05). Likewise, the sample group immersed in honey orange extract with carbamide peroxide produced a significant difference (p <0.05), but strawberries and honey oranges did not. there is not significant difference (p> 0.05). From the results of the study it can be concluded that the extracts of strawberries and honey oranges were able to increase the discoloration of teeth to become brighter, there was no significant difference between changes in tooth discoloration soaked in strawberry extract and honey orange. ABSTRAK Warna gigi yang berubah mempengaruhi estetik seseorang, metode untuk mengembalikan perubahan warna gigi diantaranya dengan penggunakan bahan bleaching. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami perbedaan efektivitas ekstrak buah stroberi dan jeruk madu dalam perubahan warna gigi secara in vitro. Jenis penelitian eksperimental laboratoris menggunakan sampel gigi premolar sebanyak 45 buah dibagi atas 3 kelompok (ekstrak stroberi konsentrasi 50% dan karbamid peroksida konsentrasi 10%, ekstrak jeruk madu konsentrasi 50% dan karbamid peroksida konsentrasi 10% dan karbamid peroksida konsentrasi 10%). Sampel direndam larutan kopi selama 5 hari dan lakukan pencatatan warna dengan shade guide, kemudian sampel direndam ekstrak stroberi, jeruk madu dan karbamid peroksida selama 7 hari di dalam inkubator, lalu dilakukan pencatatan warna kembali secara visual dengan shade guide. Analisis data memakai uji statistik Oneway Anova dan Posthoc LSD. Perubahan warna kelompok sampel direndam ekstrak stroberi dengan karbamid peroksida menghasilkan perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05), begitu pula kelompok sampel yang direndam ekstrak jeruk madu dengan karbamid peroksida menghasilkan perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05), namun stroberi dan jeruk madu tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan (p>0,05). Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak stroberi dan jeruk madu mampu meningkatkan perubahan warna gigi menjadi lebih terang, tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara perubahan perubahan warna gigi yang direndam ekstrak stroberi dan jeruk madu.

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Effectiveness and Impact of the Walking Bleach Technique on Esthetic Self-perception and Psychosocial Factors: A Randomized Double-blind Clinical Trial

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/16-133-c ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 596-605 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

C Bersezio ◽

J Martin ◽

F Peña ◽

M Rubio ◽

J Estay ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Psychosocial Factors ◽

Color Change ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

Self Perception ◽

Dental Esthetics ◽

Tooth Discoloration ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact ◽

Shade Guide

SUMMARY Objective: This trial evaluates the impact of psychosocial and esthetic self-perceptions of patients undergoing nonvital tooth bleaching using the walking bleach technique. We also assessed the clinical effectiveness of bleaching tooth discoloration. Methods: Fifty volunteers with nonvital tooth discoloration were enrolled. Teeth were randomized into two groups: 35% hydrogen peroxide (n=25) and 37% carbamide peroxide (n=25). Intracoronal bleaching was performed over four sessions using the walking bleach technique. Tooth color was evaluated at each session to measure total color variation. The shade guide was arranged from highest (B1) to lowest (C4) values to assess the color and calculate the color change in the number of shade guide units. Subjective and objective assessments were compared with the tooth counterpart. Esthetic self-perception and psychosocial factors were assessed before and after treatment. Results: Color change was 15.48<5.17 for hydrogen peroxide and 14.02<4.85 for carbamide peroxide. There was no significant difference at any time point (p>0.05) except at sessions 3 and 4 (p<0.05). Overall, whitened teeth values were similar to those of counterpart teeth (p>0.05). There was a decrease in Oral Health Impact Profile and Psychosocial Impact of Dental Esthetics questionnaire scores after treatment compared with baseline (p<0.05). Conclusion: The walking bleach technique was highly effective on nonvital teeth and had a positive effect on self-esthetic perception and psychological impact for the patients.

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Efficacy of a Novel At-home Bleaching Technique With Carbamide Peroxides Modified by CPP-ACP and Its Effect on the Microhardness of Bleached Enamel

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/11-013-l ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

pp. 521-528 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

BCD Borges ◽

JS Borges ◽

CD de Melo ◽

IVA Pinheiro ◽

AJS dos Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vickers Microhardness ◽

Color Change ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

Peroxide Bleaching ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Casein Phosphopeptide ◽

Shade Guide ◽

At Home

SUMMARY This study was designed to evaluate in vitro the efficacy of a novel at-home bleaching technique using 10% or 16% carbamide peroxide modified by casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) and its influence on the microhardness of bleached enamel. A total of 40 bovine incisors were divided into four groups (n=10) according to the bleaching agent used: 10% carbamide peroxide only; a blend of 10% carbamide peroxide and a CPP-ACP paste; 16% carbamide peroxide only; and a blend of 16% carbamide peroxide and a CPP-ACP paste. During the 14-day bleaching regimen, the samples were stored in artificial saliva. The Vickers microhardness and color of the teeth were assessed at baseline (T0) and immediately after the bleaching regimen (T14) using a microhardness tester and a spectrophotometer, respectively. The degree of color change was determined by the Commission Internationale de l'Eclariage (CIE) L*a*b* system (ΔE, ΔL*, Δa*, and Δb*) and Vita shade guide parameters. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance and the Tukey test (p<0.05). The teeth that were bleached with a blend of peroxide (10% or 16%) and the CPP-ACP paste presented increased microhardness values at T14 compared with T0, whereas the samples that were bleached with peroxide only did not show any differences in their microhardness values. All of the bleaching agents were effective at whitening the teeth and did not show a statistically significant difference using the CIEL*a*b* system (ΔE, ΔL*, Δa*, and Δb*) or the Vita shade guide parameters. The use of a CPP-ACP paste with carbamide peroxide bleaching agents increased the bleached enamel's microhardness and did not have an influence on whitening efficacy.

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Impact of Bleaching before or after Veneer Preparation on Color Masking Ability of Laminate Veneers: An In Vitro Study

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2021/6611173 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Gollshang Ahmad Mhammed Dalloo ◽

Bestoon Mohammed Faraj ◽

Abdulsalam Rasheed Al-Zahawi

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Color Change ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Tooth Discoloration ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Color System ◽

The Difference ◽

Laminate Veneers ◽

Cielab Color

Purpose. This study evaluates the effect of bleaching before or after veneer preparation and the depth of preparation on color masking ability of laminate veneers. Methods. Sixty extracted premolars were artificially stained to vita shade A4, verified by digital spectrophotometer (Vita Easy Shade V), and then divided into three groups: NB = nonbleached , BBP = bleaching before preparation, and BAP = bleaching after preparation. Based on the preparation depths, each group was further divided into two subgroups: S 1 = 0.5 mm and S 2 = 1.0 mm . BBP and BAP were subjected to one session of in-office bleaching using 35% hydrogen peroxide. IPS e-max CAD veneers of 0.5 and 1.0 mm thickness (corresponding to the preparation depths) of the same shade and translucency (HT A1) were cemented immediately to the bleached surfaces. Immediately after cementation, the color change Δ E between the baseline (after staining) and the resulted shades was measured using the Vita Easy Shade V digital spectrophotometer and CIELab color system. Results. Bleached groups exhibited a significant Δ E value compared to the nonbleached group ( p < 0.05 ). BAP showed the highest Δ E value. No significant difference was found between BBP and BAP. S2 revealed a significant Δ E value than S1 ( p < 0.05 ). No significant difference was found between S1of BAP and S2 of NB, BBP, and BAP ( p > 0.05 ). Regarding the color coordinates, the difference between the tested groups was highly significant in lightness ( Δ L ∗ ) ( p < 0.001 ), while no significant differences were found in green/red value ( Δ a ∗ ) and yellow/blue value ( Δ b ∗ ) ( p > 0.05 ). Conclusions. In cases of severe tooth discoloration, one session of in-office bleaching before or after veneer preparation and the preparation depth do not influence the color masking ability of laminate veneers.

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Effect of 10% and 15% Carbamide Peroxide on Fracture Toughness of Human Dentin In Situ

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/12-127-c ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 142-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

LE Tam ◽

P Bahrami ◽

O Oguienko ◽

H Limeback

Keyword(s):

Fracture Toughness ◽

Placebo Group ◽

Color Change ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

Tooth Sensitivity ◽

Custom Made ◽

Dental Hard Tissues ◽

Significant Difference

SUMMARY Purpose Although damage to the structural integrity of the tooth is not usually considered a significant problem associated with tooth bleaching, there have been some reported negative effects of bleaching on dental hard tissues in vitro. More studies are needed to determine whether the observed in vitro effects have practical clinical implications regarding tooth structural durability. Objectives This in situ study evaluated the effect of 10% and 15% carbamide peroxide (CP) dental bleach, applied using conventional whitening trays by participants at home, on the fracture toughness of dentin. Methods Ninety-one adult volunteers were recruited (n ≈ 30/group). Compact fracture toughness specimens (approximately 4.5 × 4.6 × 1.7 mm) were prepared from the coronal dentin of recently extracted human molars and gamma-radiated. One specimen was fitted into a prepared slot, adjacent to a maxillary premolar, within a custom-made bleaching tray that was made for each adult participant. The participants were instructed to wear the tray containing the dentin specimen with placebo, 10% CP, or 15% CP treatment gel overnight for 14 nights and to store it in artificial saliva when not in use. Pre-bleach and post-bleach tooth color and tooth sensitivity were also evaluated using ranked shade tab values and visual analogue scales (VASs), respectively. Within 24–48 hours after the last bleach session, the dentin specimens were tested for fracture toughness using tensile loading at 10 mm/min. Analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis, χ2, Tukey's, and Mann-Whitney U tests were used for statistical analysis. The level of significance was set at p<0.05 for all tests, except for the Mann-Whitney U tests, which used a Bonferroni correction for post hoc analyses of the nonparametric data (p<0.017). Results The placebo, 10% CP, and 15% CP groups contained 30, 31, and 30 participants, respectively. Mean fracture toughness (+ standard deviation) for the placebo, 10% CP, and 15% CP groups were 2.3 ± 0.9, 2.2 ± 0.7, and 2.0 ± 0.5 MPa*m1/2 respectively. There were no significant differences in mean fracture toughness results among the groups (p=0.241). The tooth sensitivity VAS scores indicated a significantly greater incidence (p=0.000) and degree of tooth sensitivity (p=0.049 for VAS change and p=0.003 for max VAS) in the bleach groups than in the placebo group. The color change results showed generally greater color change in the bleach groups than in the placebo group (p=0.008 for shade guide determination and p=0.000 for colorimeter determination). Conclusions There were no significant differences in in situ dentin fracture toughness results among the groups. The results of this study provide some reassurance that dentin is not overtly weakened by the bleaching protocol used in this study. However, the lack of a statistically significant difference cannot be used to state that there is no effect of bleach on dentin fracture toughness.

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Perbedaan efektivitas jus tomat (Lucopersicon esculentum Mill.) dan jus apel (Mallus sylvestris Mill.) sebagai bahan alami pemutih gigi

e-GIGI ◽

10.35790/eg.4.2.2016.13488 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Enny F. S. Lumuhu ◽

Martha M. Kaseke ◽

Wulan G. Parengkuan

Keyword(s):

Apple Juice ◽

Color Change ◽

Human Interaction ◽

Tomato Juice ◽

Control Group ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Tooth Discoloration ◽

Significant Difference

Abstract: Teeth appearance plays an important role in human interaction. One of its problems is tooth discoloration which can affect personal self confidence and appearance. Chemicals for whitening the teeth can cause negative effects such as decreased enamel hardness and gingival iritaion. An alternative material that can be used for that purpose is natural substance inter alia tomato juice (Lucopersicon esculentum Mill.) which contains hydrogen peroxide and apple juice (Mallus sylvestris Mill.) which contains malic acid. This study aimed to determine the difference in effectiveness of tomato juice and apple juice as natural bleaching agents. This was a true experimental study with a pretest postest only control group design. There were 30 samples of post-extraction anterior teeth soaked in coffee for 12 days and were further divided into 3 groups, each of 10 samples. Group 1 was immersed in tomato juice; group 2 was immersed in apple juice; and group 3 as the positive control was immersed in carbamide peroxide 10%. Each group was observed after 1 day, 3 days, and 5 days. The color change was measured by using CIEL*a*b method. The results showed that tomato juice, apple juice, and carbamide peroxide 10% could whiten the teeth. However, tomato juice was more effective compared to apple juice and carbamide peroxide 10%. Apple juice and carbamide peroxide 10% did not show any significant difference in color change. Keywords: tomato juice, apple juice, carbamide peroxide 10%, tooth discolorationAbstrak: Penampilan gigi berperan dalam interaksi manusia. Masalah dalam penampilan gigi salah satunya ialah perubahan warna gigi yang dapat memengaruhi kepercayaan diri dan keindahan penampilan seseorang. Penggunaan bahan kimia untuk memutihkan gigi dapat berdampak negatif seperti penurunan kekerasan email dan iritasi gingiva. Bahan alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk memutihkan gigi yaitu dengan bahan alami antara lain jus tomat (Lucopersicon esculentum Mill.) yang mengandung hidrogen peroksida dan jus apel (Mallus sylvestris Mill.) yang mengandung asam malat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan efektivitas jus tomat dan jus apel sebagai bahan alami pemutih gigi. Terdapat 30 sampel gigi anterior pasca ekstraksi yang direndam kopi selama 12 hari. Sampel dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok masing-masing terdiri dari 10 sampel. Kelompok 1 direndam dalam jus tomat; kelompok 2 direndam dalam jus apel; dan kelompok 3 sebagai kontrol positif menggunakan karbamid peroksida 10%. Setiap kelompok dilakukan pengamatan 1 hari, 3 hari dan 5 hari. Perubahan warna diukur menggunakan metode CIEL*a*b. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan jus tomat, jus apel, dan karbamid peroksida 10% dapat memutihkan gigi. Jus tomat lebih efektif memutihkan gigi dibandingkan jus apel dan karbamid peroksida 10%. Jus apel dan karbamid peroksida 10% tidak memiliki perbedaan memutihkan gigi yang signifikan.Kata kunci: jus tomat, jus apel, karbamid peroksida 10%, perubahan warna gigi

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Perbedaan pengaruh apel Anna dan Granny Smith sebagai bahan pemutih gigi alamiDifferences between Anna and Granny Smith apples as natural tooth whitening ingredients

Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Padjadjaran ◽

10.24198/jkg.v31i1.21521 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Widya Anggraeni ◽

Mirza Aryanto

Keyword(s):

Apple Juice ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Colour Change ◽

Carbamide Peroxide ◽

Tooth Whitening ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Experimental Laboratory ◽

Group 2 ◽

Shade Guide ◽

Natural Tooth

ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Perubahan warna gigi dapat mempengaruhi kepercayaan diri seseorang. Penggunaan bahan kimia untuk memutihkan gigi dapat berdampak negatif seperti penurunan kekerasan email dan iritasi gingiva. Bahan alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk memutihkan gigi yaitu dengan bahan alami yaitu apel Anna dan apel Granny Smith yang mengandung asam malat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis potensi efektif buah apel Anna dan buah apel Granny Smith sebagai bahan alami pemutih gigi. Metode: Jenis penelitian eksperimental laboratorium menggunakan 27 gigi premolar pascaekstraksi yang dibagi dalam 3 kelompok. Kelompok 1 direndam dalam jus apel Anna, kelompok 2 direndam dalam jus apel Granny Smith serta kelompok 3 (kontrol) direndam dalam karbamid peroksida 10%. Sampel direndam dalam kopi selama 7 hari, kemudian direndam sesuai kelompok selama 1 hari, 3 hari, dan 5 hari. Perubahan warna diamati oleh 2 pengamat menggunakan shade guide VITAPAN® classic. Hasil: Apel Anna, apel Granny Smith, dan karbamid peroksida 10% dapat memutihkan gigi yang telah direndam kopi. Hasil uji Kruskal Wallis menunjukkan perbedaan rata-rata yang signifikan (p<0,05) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann-Whitney yang menunjukkan perbedaan tidak bermakna antara kelompok yang direndam jus apel Granny Smith (p=0,122) setelah 3 hari perendaman yang menunjukan bahwa apel Granny Smith dapat memutihkan gigi sama seperti karbamid peroksida 10%. Simpulan: Jus apel Anna dan apel Granny Smith keduanya dapat memutihkan gigi dengan nilai yang sama. Jus apel Granny Smith lebih berpengaruh untuk memutihkan gigi dibandingkan jus apel Anna setelah 3 hari perendaman.Kata kunci: Apel, Anna, Granny Smith, Karbamid peroksida 10%, pemutihan gigi. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Tooth discolouration can affect a person's confidence. The use of chemicals for tooth whitening can have a negative impact such as a decrease in enamel hardness and gingival irritation. Alternative natural ingredients that can be used for tooth whitening are Anna apples and Granny Smith apples that contain malic acid. The purpose of this study was to analyse the effective potential of Anna and Granny Smith apples as natural tooth whitening ingredients. Methods: This research was an experimental laboratory study with 27 post extraction premolar teeth divided into 3 groups. Group 1 was immersed in Anna apple juice, group 2 was immersed in Granny Smith apple juice, and group 3 (control) was immersed in 10% carbamide peroxide. The samples were immersed in coffee for 7 days after, then immersed back in respective groups for 1 day, 3 days and 5 days. Colour change was observed by 2 observers using the VITAPAN® classic shade guide. Result: Anna apple, Granny Smith apple, and 10% carbamide peroxide can whiten the teeth after coffee immersion. The Kruskal Wallis test results showed a significant difference in the mean (p < 0.05), then continued with the Mann-Whitney test which showed no significant difference between the group immersed in Granny Smith apple juice (p = 0.122) after 3 days of immersion, indicating that Granny Smith apples can whiten the teeth as effective as 10% carbamide peroxide. Conclusion: Anna and Granny Smith apple juice are able to whiten the teeth with the same effectiveness. After 3 days of immersion, however, Granny Smith apple juice is more influential as the tooth whitening than Anna apple juice.Keywords: Apple, Anna, Granny Smith, 10% carbamide peroxide, tooth whitening.

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Effect of Bleaching Gel Viscosity on Tooth Whitening Efficacy and Pulp Chamber Penetration: An In Vitro Study

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/17-099-l ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 326-334 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

SR Kwon ◽

FNU Pallavi ◽

Y Shi ◽

U Oyoyo ◽

A Mohraz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Rheological Properties ◽

Color Change ◽

Negative Control ◽

Tooth Color ◽

Tooth Structure ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Bonferroni Test ◽

Medium Viscosity

SUMMARY Objectives: Whitening efficacy has been related to hydrogen peroxide (HP) diffusion into tooth structure. However, little information is available relating rheological properties to whitening efficacy. The purpose was to evaluate the whitening efficacy and HP penetration level of a 10% HP gel at three different viscosities and to compare them to a strip delivery system. Methods and Materials: Extracted molars (n=120) were randomly assigned into five groups (n=24/ group): NC_MED (negative control; median): medium viscosity gel without HP; LOW: 10% HP gel (low viscosity experimental gel, Ultradent Products Inc); MED: 10% HP gel (medium viscosity experimental gel, Ultradent); HIGH: 10% HP gel (high viscosity gel, Ultradent); and CWS: Crest 3D Whitestrips 1-Hour Express (Procter & Gamble). All teeth were subjected to five 60-minute whitening sessions. Instrumental color measurements were performed at baseline (T0), and 1-day after each application (T1-T5), and 1-month after whitening (T6). HP penetration was estimated with leucocrystal violet and horseradish peroxidase. A Kruskal-Wallis test and post hoc Bonferroni test were performed to assess the difference in tooth color change and HP penetration among the groups (α=0.05). Results: Hydrogen peroxide penetration levels and overall color changes at T6 were 0.24 μg/mL / 2.80; 0.48 μg/mL / 8.48; 0.44 μg/mL / 7.72; 0.35 μg/mL / 8.49; 0.36 μg/mL / 7.30 for groups NC, LOW, MED, HIGH, and CWS, respectively. There was a significant difference for HP penetration, while there was no significant difference among the four experimental groups for tooth color change. Conclusion: Rheological properties should be considered when developing new whitening formulations.

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Effect of Remineralizing Agents on Tooth Color After Home Bleaching

Frontiers in Dentistry ◽

10.18502/fid.v16i3.1586 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammadreza Malekipour ◽

Zahra Norouzi ◽

Sahar Shahlaei

Keyword(s):

Surface Treatment ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Tooth Color ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Tooth Discoloration ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Post Hoc

Objectives: The purpose was to investigate the effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate fluoride (CPP-ACPF) paste, Remin Pro paste, and 0.05% sodium fluoride (NaF) mouthwash on teeth discoloration after home bleaching. Materials and Methods: In this in-vitro study, 48 intact and unstained human incisors were divided into four groups (n=12): control (Group 1), CPP-ACPF paste (Group 2), Remin Pro paste (Group 3), and 0.05% NaF mouthwash (Group 4). The specimens were bleached using 20% carbamide peroxide gel for 21 days and were subjected to pH cycling and surface treatment with remineralizing agents for one month. The color of the specimens was determined according to the CIELAB color space at baseline, after bleaching, and after surface treatment. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), post-hoc least significant difference (LSD) test, and one-sample t-test (P=0.05). Results: ANOVA showed a significant difference in the mean ΔE of the four groups after surface treatment (P<0.05). Post-hoc LSD test showed a significant difference between the mean ΔE of the control group and those of the treatment groups (P<0.05) with no significant difference between the treatment groups, except for Remin Pro. The mean ΔE and ΔL of the Remin Pro group showed less change than those of the CPP-ACPF and NaF groups, indicating that Remin Pro has the lowest potential for post-bleaching tooth discoloration. Conclusion: CPP-ACPF paste, Remin Pro paste, and 0.05% NaF mouthwash cause noticeable teeth discoloration immediately after bleaching. Remin Pro has less effect on tooth color than the other two products.

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The effects of robusta coffee on tooth discolouration

Padjadjaran Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.24198/pjd.vol24no3.26840 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Chu Chin Sin ◽

Ayu Trisna Hayati ◽

Endang Sukartini

Keyword(s):

Tooth Surface ◽

P Value ◽

Tooth Color ◽

Color Changes ◽

Robusta Coffee ◽

Tooth Discoloration ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Difference ◽

High Level

Introduction: One of the most frequent dental problems that confronted dentist is tooth discoloration which can cause significant cosmetic problems. Extrinsic tooth discoloration occurs when stain forms on the tooth surface or in the pellicle and the common causes of extrinsic tooth discoloration is coffee. Robusta coffee contains high level of chromogenic compound which can incorporate itself into the acquired pellicle and tannic acids that can denature the pellicle protein and increase its stain ability. The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the tooth discoloring effect of Robusta coffee solution. Methods: This research type was a true experiment (in vitro) using 30 samples of maxillary first premolar whose roots had been cut until the CEJ. Samples were divided into 2 groups (which are soaked in Robusta coffee solution and the other in mineral water) of 15, with a frequency of three times daily for seven days. The difference in tooth color changes was measured by using a spectrophotometer. Results: This research was analyzed by using t-test and there was a significant difference between the two groups (p-value≤0.00). Conclusion: Robusta coffee effected to tooth discoloration.

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Laser Influence on Dental Sensitivity Compared to Other Light Sources Used During In-office Dental Bleaching: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Operative Dentistry ◽

10.2341/19-064-l ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (6) ◽

pp. 589-597

Author(s):

BGS Casado ◽

EP Pellizzer ◽

JR Souto Maior ◽

CAA Lemos ◽

BCE Vasconcelos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Clinical Trials ◽

Color Change ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Present Review ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Light Sources ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Tooth Color ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Meta Analyses

Clinical Relevance The use of laser light during bleaching will not reduce the incidence or severity of sensitivity and will not increase the degree of color change compared with nonlaser light sources. SUMMARY Objective: To evaluate whether the use of laser during in-office bleaching promotes a reduction in dental sensitivity after bleaching compared with other light sources. Methods: The present review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) and is registered with PROSPERO (CDR42018096591). Searches were conducted in the PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant articles published up to August 2018. Only randomized clinical trials among adults that compared the use of laser during in-office whitening and other light sources were considered eligible. Results: After analysis of the texts retrieved during the database search, six articles met the eligibility criteria and were selected for the present review. For the outcome dental sensitivity, no significant difference was found favoring any type of light either for intensity (mean difference [MD]: −1.60; confidence interval [CI]: −3.42 to 0.22; p=0.09) or incidence (MD: 1.00; CI: 0.755 to 1.33; p=1.00). Regarding change in tooth color, no significant differences were found between the use of the laser and other light sources (MD: −2.22; CI: −6.36 to 1.93; p=0.29). Conclusions: Within the limitations of the present study, laser exerts no influence on tooth sensitivity compared with other light sources when used during in-office bleaching. The included studies demonstrated that laser use during in-office bleaching may have no influence on tooth color change.

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