scholarly journals Perbedaan pengaruh apel Anna dan Granny Smith sebagai bahan pemutih gigi alamiDifferences between Anna and Granny Smith apples as natural tooth whitening ingredients

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Widya Anggraeni ◽  
Mirza Aryanto
Keyword(s):  
Apple Juice ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Tooth Whitening ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Shade Guide ◽  
Natural Tooth

ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Perubahan warna gigi dapat mempengaruhi kepercayaan diri seseorang. Penggunaan bahan kimia untuk memutihkan gigi dapat berdampak negatif seperti penurunan kekerasan email dan iritasi gingiva. Bahan alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk memutihkan gigi yaitu dengan bahan alami yaitu apel Anna dan apel Granny Smith yang mengandung asam malat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis potensi efektif buah apel Anna dan buah apel Granny Smith sebagai bahan alami pemutih gigi. Metode: Jenis penelitian eksperimental laboratorium menggunakan 27 gigi premolar pascaekstraksi yang dibagi dalam 3 kelompok. Kelompok 1 direndam dalam jus apel Anna, kelompok 2 direndam dalam jus apel Granny Smith serta kelompok 3 (kontrol) direndam dalam karbamid peroksida 10%. Sampel direndam dalam kopi selama 7 hari, kemudian direndam sesuai kelompok selama 1 hari, 3 hari, dan 5 hari. Perubahan warna diamati oleh 2 pengamat menggunakan shade guide VITAPAN® classic. Hasil: Apel Anna, apel Granny Smith, dan karbamid peroksida 10% dapat memutihkan gigi yang telah direndam kopi. Hasil uji Kruskal Wallis menunjukkan perbedaan rata-rata yang signifikan (p<0,05) dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Mann-Whitney yang menunjukkan perbedaan tidak bermakna antara kelompok yang direndam jus apel Granny Smith (p=0,122) setelah 3 hari perendaman yang menunjukan bahwa apel Granny Smith dapat memutihkan gigi sama seperti karbamid peroksida 10%. Simpulan: Jus apel Anna dan apel Granny Smith keduanya dapat memutihkan gigi dengan nilai yang sama. Jus apel Granny Smith lebih berpengaruh untuk memutihkan gigi dibandingkan jus apel Anna setelah 3 hari perendaman.Kata kunci: Apel, Anna, Granny Smith, Karbamid peroksida 10%, pemutihan gigi. ABSTRACTIntroduction: Tooth discolouration can affect a person's confidence. The use of chemicals for tooth whitening can have a negative impact such as a decrease in enamel hardness and gingival irritation. Alternative natural ingredients that can be used for tooth whitening are Anna apples and Granny Smith apples that contain malic acid. The purpose of this study was to analyse the effective potential of Anna and Granny Smith apples as natural tooth whitening ingredients. Methods: This research was an experimental laboratory study with 27 post extraction premolar teeth divided into 3 groups. Group 1 was immersed in Anna apple juice, group 2 was immersed in Granny Smith apple juice, and group 3 (control) was immersed in 10% carbamide peroxide. The samples were immersed in coffee for 7 days after, then immersed back in respective groups for 1 day, 3 days and 5 days. Colour change was observed by 2 observers using the VITAPAN® classic shade guide. Result: Anna apple, Granny Smith apple, and 10% carbamide peroxide can whiten the teeth after coffee immersion. The Kruskal Wallis test results showed a significant difference in the mean (p < 0.05), then continued with the Mann-Whitney test which showed no significant difference between the group immersed in Granny Smith apple juice (p = 0.122) after 3 days of immersion, indicating that Granny Smith apples can whiten the teeth as effective as 10% carbamide peroxide. Conclusion: Anna and Granny Smith apple juice are able to whiten the teeth with the same effectiveness. After 3 days of immersion, however, Granny Smith apple juice is more influential as the tooth whitening than Anna apple juice.Keywords: Apple, Anna, Granny Smith, 10% carbamide peroxide, tooth whitening.

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK STROBERI DAN JERUK MADU DALAM PERUBAHAN WARNA GIGI SECARA IN VITRO

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 209-213
Author(s):  
Nalem Rika Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Color Change ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Tooth Color ◽  
Sample Group ◽  
Tooth Discoloration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Shade Guide

ABSTRACT   Changing tooth color affects a person's aesthetics. Methods to restore tooth discoloration include the use ofagents bleaching. This study aims to understand the differences in the effectiveness of strawberry and honey orange extracts intooth discoloration in vitro. This type of experimental laboratory research used 45 premolar tooth samples divided into 3 groups (50% strawberry extract and 10% carbamide peroxide concentration, 50% honey orange extract and 10% carbamide peroxide concentration and 10% carbamide peroxide concentration). Samples were immersed in coffee solution for 5 days and recorded color with a shade guide, then samples were immersed in the extract of strawberries, honey oranges and carbamide peroxide for 7 days in an incubator, then recorded color again visually with a shade guide. Data analysis used thestatistical tests Oneway Anova and Posthoc LSD. The color change of the sample group immersed in strawberry extract with carbamide peroxide resulted in a significant difference (p <0.05). Likewise, the sample group immersed in honey orange extract with carbamide peroxide produced a significant difference (p <0.05), but strawberries and honey oranges did not. there is not significant difference (p> 0.05). From the results of the study it can be concluded that the extracts of strawberries and honey oranges were able to increase the discoloration of teeth to become brighter, there was no significant difference between changes in tooth discoloration soaked in strawberry extract and honey orange.   ABSTRAK Warna gigi yang berubah mempengaruhi estetik seseorang, metode untuk mengembalikan perubahan warna gigi diantaranya dengan penggunakan bahan bleaching. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami perbedaan efektivitas ekstrak buah stroberi dan jeruk madu dalam perubahan warna gigi secara in vitro. Jenis penelitian eksperimental laboratoris menggunakan sampel gigi premolar sebanyak 45 buah dibagi atas 3 kelompok (ekstrak stroberi konsentrasi 50% dan karbamid peroksida konsentrasi 10%, ekstrak jeruk madu konsentrasi 50% dan karbamid peroksida konsentrasi 10% dan karbamid peroksida konsentrasi 10%). Sampel direndam larutan kopi selama 5 hari dan lakukan pencatatan warna dengan shade guide, kemudian sampel direndam ekstrak stroberi, jeruk madu dan karbamid peroksida selama 7 hari di dalam inkubator, lalu dilakukan pencatatan warna kembali secara visual dengan shade guide. Analisis data memakai uji statistik Oneway Anova dan Posthoc LSD. Perubahan warna kelompok sampel direndam ekstrak stroberi dengan karbamid peroksida menghasilkan perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05), begitu pula kelompok sampel yang direndam ekstrak jeruk madu dengan karbamid peroksida menghasilkan perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05), namun stroberi dan jeruk madu tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan (p>0,05). Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak  stroberi dan jeruk madu mampu meningkatkan perubahan warna gigi menjadi lebih terang, tidak ada perbedaan signifikan antara perubahan perubahan warna gigi yang direndam ekstrak stroberi dan jeruk madu.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness Differences Between Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) Extract 100% and Carbamide Peroxide Gel 10% in Tooth Whitening (ex vivo)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Any Setyawati ◽  
Syifa Nabila Farah Fauziah Nur
Keyword(s):  
Malic Acid ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Black Tea ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2

Introduction: Discoloration can be caused by intrinsic or extrinsic factors. One of the discoloration treatments is teeth whitening. Teeth whitening process usually uses chemicals such as hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide which can cause side effects, namely gingival irritation. Previous research has found that malic acid in strawberries can whiten teeth. Watermelons contain greater malic acid than strawberries. Objective: To analyze the  effectiveness of 100% watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) extract on teeth whitening. Methods: The study was a laboratory experimental study with a total of 15 anterior post-extraction teeth which were discolored using black tea, divided into 3 groups. Group 1 was immersed in 100% watermelon extract, group 2 was immersed in 10% carbamide peroxide as positive control and group 3 was immersed in sterile aquades as negative control, for 56 hours, measured using a shade guide and spectrophotometer. Data were analyzed using one way Anova. Results: The 100% watermelon extract was effective for teeth whitening. There was a significant difference between 100% watermelon extract compared to negative control (p < 0.05). However, there was also a significant difference between 100% watermelon extract, and 10% carbamide peroxide gel (p = 0.003). Conclusion: The watermelon extract has the ability as teeth whitening agent. However, further study is still needed to explore this result and determine the proper concentration for teeth whitening.

scholarly journals In Vitro Evaluation of the Efficacy of Different Over-the-Counter Products on Tooth Whitening

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammet Karadas ◽  
Zeynep Yesil Duymus
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Tooth Whitening ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cielab System

<p>This <italic>in vitro</italic> study evaluated the whitening effect of four different over-the-counter products compared with a 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) bleaching gel. Specimens obtained from bovine incisors were stained in a tea solution and randomly divided into six groups according to the product used (n=10): CT: conventional toothpaste (negative control); CWT: Crest 3D White toothpaste; CWR: Crest 3D White mouth rinse; CWS: Crest 3D White strips; DW: Dazzling White (paint-on gel); and OP: Opalescence PF 10% CP (at-home bleaching gel, positive control). Over-the-counter products and 10% CP were used according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Color measurements were performed according to the CIELab system using spectrophotometer after staining, and after 4 and 8 weeks of the treatment procedure. The ∆E, ∆L, ∆a, and ∆b values were calculated. The data obtained were analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA. Tukey's test for multiple comparisons was applied (p<0.05). All groups, except CWT, were effective in tooth whitening in comparison with conventional toothpaste. There was no significant difference in tooth whitening between CWT and CT (p=0.93). CWS, DW and OP groups presented significantly higher color changes than the CWR group. DW and CWS showed similar tooth whitening to OP.</p>

scholarly journals Perbedaan efektivitas jus tomat (Lucopersicon esculentum Mill.) dan jus apel (Mallus sylvestris Mill.) sebagai bahan alami pemutih gigi

e-GIGI ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enny F. S. Lumuhu ◽  
Martha M. Kaseke ◽  
Wulan G. Parengkuan
Keyword(s):  
Apple Juice ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Tomato Juice ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Tooth Discoloration ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract: Teeth appearance plays an important role in human interaction. One of its problems is tooth discoloration which can affect personal self confidence and appearance. Chemicals for whitening the teeth can cause negative effects such as decreased enamel hardness and gingival iritaion. An alternative material that can be used for that purpose is natural substance inter alia tomato juice (Lucopersicon esculentum Mill.) which contains hydrogen peroxide and apple juice (Mallus sylvestris Mill.) which contains malic acid. This study aimed to determine the difference in effectiveness of tomato juice and apple juice as natural bleaching agents. This was a true experimental study with a pretest postest only control group design. There were 30 samples of post-extraction anterior teeth soaked in coffee for 12 days and were further divided into 3 groups, each of 10 samples. Group 1 was immersed in tomato juice; group 2 was immersed in apple juice; and group 3 as the positive control was immersed in carbamide peroxide 10%. Each group was observed after 1 day, 3 days, and 5 days. The color change was measured by using CIEL*a*b method. The results showed that tomato juice, apple juice, and carbamide peroxide 10% could whiten the teeth. However, tomato juice was more effective compared to apple juice and carbamide peroxide 10%. Apple juice and carbamide peroxide 10% did not show any significant difference in color change. Keywords: tomato juice, apple juice, carbamide peroxide 10%, tooth discolorationAbstrak: Penampilan gigi berperan dalam interaksi manusia. Masalah dalam penampilan gigi salah satunya ialah perubahan warna gigi yang dapat memengaruhi kepercayaan diri dan keindahan penampilan seseorang. Penggunaan bahan kimia untuk memutihkan gigi dapat berdampak negatif seperti penurunan kekerasan email dan iritasi gingiva. Bahan alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk memutihkan gigi yaitu dengan bahan alami antara lain jus tomat (Lucopersicon esculentum Mill.) yang mengandung hidrogen peroksida dan jus apel (Mallus sylvestris Mill.) yang mengandung asam malat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan efektivitas jus tomat dan jus apel sebagai bahan alami pemutih gigi. Terdapat 30 sampel gigi anterior pasca ekstraksi yang direndam kopi selama 12 hari. Sampel dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok masing-masing terdiri dari 10 sampel. Kelompok 1 direndam dalam jus tomat; kelompok 2 direndam dalam jus apel; dan kelompok 3 sebagai kontrol positif menggunakan karbamid peroksida 10%. Setiap kelompok dilakukan pengamatan 1 hari, 3 hari dan 5 hari. Perubahan warna diukur menggunakan metode CIEL*a*b. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan jus tomat, jus apel, dan karbamid peroksida 10% dapat memutihkan gigi. Jus tomat lebih efektif memutihkan gigi dibandingkan jus apel dan karbamid peroksida 10%. Jus apel dan karbamid peroksida 10% tidak memiliki perbedaan memutihkan gigi yang signifikan.Kata kunci: jus tomat, jus apel, karbamid peroksida 10%, perubahan warna gigi

scholarly journals Correlation between serum level of cortisol, interleukin-10 and degree of adhesion after laparotomy and laparoscopy in rabbit with abrasion model

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ridwan Mataram
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Pelvic Surgery ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Systemic Stress

Background : Intraperitoneal adhesions after abdominal and pelvic surgery procedures occurred almost in 95% of cases. This research will prove the relationship between serum levels of cortisol in response to stress with increased levels of IL-10 and the degree of adhesion after laparotomy and laparoscopy Methods : This study is an experimental laboratory, with a posttest design approach using 12 New Zealand rabbits after adaptation for 1 week were divided into 2 groups. The first group ( K1) was  performed  laparotomy with abration the ilium  , group-2  ( K2) was performed laparoscopy with abration the ilium too. All groups taken its blood sample before and 6 hours after operation to be assessed levels of cortisol with ELISA kit. 6 days after operation (day of 7th) , all group determinate and performed laparotomy, than assessed the degree of adhesion and the level of IL-10 from its peritoneal fluid. Statistical tests were used to assess defferences in the level of cortisol, IL-10 and degree do adhesion between laparotomy and laparoscopy. Data analysis was done using SPSS. Results : There was significant difference in the level of cortisol, IL-10 and degree of adhesion among groups ( p = 0.021, p < 0.001, p = 0.002 ). There were negatif correlation ( high ) between the level of blood cortisol with  IL-10 ( r = - 0.805, p = 0.0 ) and significant negative correlation between the level  of IL-10 with the degree of adhesion ( r = -0,833, p = 0.001 ). Conclusion : Laparoscopic surgery can minimize the effects of systemic stress and immune response, so as to lower the incidence of adhesion

scholarly journals Kekerasan permukaan email setelah aplikasi gel karbamid peroksida 10%

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Pambudi Santoso T
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Water ◽  
Enamel Surface ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Alternative Material ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Control Post

The influence of strawberries as bleaching alternative material toward surfacemicrohardness of the teeth is still unknown so that a research should be conducted toquantitatively assess the effects of bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide andblended strawberry paste on post-extracted incisive teeth by performing superficialmicrohardness analysis. Three groups of sample i.e. group 1 (control): post-extractedincisive teeth soaked in ordinary mineral water, group 2: soaked in carbamideperoxide 10% gel, and group 3: soaked in 100% strawberry paste. The microhardessof each sample group is tested before and after the application of bleaching materials.The result was there was significant difference of strawberry paste compared to CP10% gel and mineral water soaked incisive teeth. The data obtained are tabulated,then analyzed with one way Anova and LSD. It can be concluded that the applicationof carbamide peroxide 10% gel in 6 weeks doesn’t decrease the microhardness ofteeth enamel surface. However, the application of strawberry paste decreases themicrohardness of enamel surface

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN EFEKTIVITAS BUAH STROBERI (Fragaria x ananassa) DENGAN BUAH JERUK NIPIS (Citrus aurantifolia) SEBAGAI BAHAN ALAMI PEMUTIH GIGI SECARA IN VITRO

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-135
Author(s):  
Nia Nurhaeni ◽  
Denas Symond ◽  
Bambang Ristiono
Keyword(s):  
Fragaria X Ananassa ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Tooth Whitening ◽  
Citrus Aurantifolia ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lime Concentration

One of the aesthetic problem which had bother and become a complaint was teeth discoloration that can be overcome by dental bleaching procedures. The use of tooth whitening ingredient can cause side effects such as tooth sensitivity and mucous irritation. Therefore, many researchers have been looking for a safer alternatives materials  to be used as tooth whitening ingredients including Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) contain of elegat acid and malic acid and Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) contain of citric acid which have potential to whiten the teeth. The purpose of this research is to determine differences strawberry and lime fruit as a natural ingredient of tooth whitening. This research used in vitro laboratory experiment method by using 30 post-extraction premolar on teeth divided into three groups, namely the treatment of strawberry concentration of 100% (K1), the treatment group lime concentration of  2.5% (K2 ) and the treatment control group carbamide peroxide 10% (K3). Color changes measurements was observed pretest and posttest by 15 observers using Shade Guide VITAPAN classical. The research showed that strawberry concentration of 100% have an average difference in the color of teeth is 6.40, lime concentration of 2.5 at 6.20 and carbamide peroxide 10% as the control group amounted to 3.20. Based on the Kruskal Wallis test there are differences in the average value of the observation color of the teeth was significant (P <0.05) and continued with different test further the Post Hoc Test Mann Whitney gained significant difference (p> 0.05) between treatment groups strawberry 100% with carbamide peroxide 10%, lime and 2.5% carbamide peroxide 10%, while among the treatment groups strawberries 100% with 2.5% lime fruit is not significantly different because it has a value of p> 0.05. Strawberry concentration of 100% more effective to whiten teeth than lime concentration of 2.5%, but there is no significant difference in teeth whitening, while lime is more effective than carbamide peroxide 10%. Keywords:Strawberry, lime, carbamide peroxide 10%, tooth whitening.

Preventive Use of a Resin-based Desensitizer Containing Glutaraldehyde on Tooth Sensitivity Caused by In-office Bleaching: A Randomized, Single-blind Clinical Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 472-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
ACS Diniz ◽  
SNL Lima ◽  
RRdJ Tavarez ◽  
AH Borges ◽  
SCS Pinto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Absolute Risk ◽  
Tooth Whitening ◽  
Tooth Sensitivity ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Numerical Rating ◽  
Shade Guide ◽  
Single Blind

SUMMARY Objective: To evaluate the risk and intensity of bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity (TS) after in-office bleaching following topical application of a resin-based glutaraldehyde desensitizer. Methods: Thirty-three patients were randomly assigned to the experimental (Gluma Desensitizer Liquid, Heraeus Kulzer, Hanau, Germany) and placebo groups. The placebo or Gluma Desensitizer Liquid was applied for one minute prior to application of an in-office bleaching gel. Bleaching was performed with 35% hydrogen peroxide gel (three applications × 15 minutes each) over two sessions, one week apart. The color of the anterior teeth was evaluated before and 21 days after treatment using the VITA Classical shade guide, Bleachedguide 3D, and Easyshade spectrophotometer. TS during and after the bleaching was recorded according to the visual analog (VAS) and numerical rating (NRS) scales. All data were submitted to statistical analysis (α=0.05). Results: There was no significant difference in absolute risk or intensity of TS between the two groups (risk and VAS, p=0.93 and 0.31, respectively; NRS, p≥0.45). At the end of the bleaching protocol, tooth whitening was observed in both groups, as evident from color change in shade guide units (ΔSGU, 4.1-7.1; both guides) and overall color change (ΔE, 7.4-9.3 units); however, there were no significant differences in whitening between the two groups (p&gt;0.11). Conclusion: Gluma Desensitizer Liquid was not able to reduce the risk or intensity of TS. Bleaching efficacy was not affected by application of the desensitizer.

scholarly journals Comparison between Immediate Effect of Neural Mobilization and Myofascial Release of Suboccipital Muscle on Hamstring Length in Younger Adults - An Interventional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 438-445
Author(s):  
HS Krishna ◽  
Sreejisha PK ◽  
Chetan Dhote
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Myofascial Release ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Straight Leg Raise

Background and objectives: Shortening of hamstring has a negative impact on the posture of the pelvic region. The increase in stiffness of the hamstring may serve as a cause of low back pain and is also thought to predispose athletes to injury. The objective of this study was to compare the immediate effect of neural mobilization and myofascial release of suboccipital muscle on hamstring length in younger adults. Methodology: This was a Comparative study conducted in a tertiary care hospital. A total 40 individuals between age group of 18-25 years having reduced hamstring length were included in this study. They were randomly divided into two groups by lottery method. Group 1 received neural mobilization and group 2 received myofascial release of suboccipital muscle. Ranges were recorded post treatment. Straight Leg Raise (SLR), Sit and Reach Test (SR) and Finger to Foot Test (FFT) were used to record pre treatment ranges Results: The result revealed that hamstring length significantly improved in both the groups further between the groups comparison demonstrated that non-significant difference existed in improvement scores of SLR, where as statistically not significant but clinically significant difference was existed in improvement of FFT. Furthermore between groups comparison demonstrated that statically and clinically significant difference existed in improvement scores of sit and reach, indicating that neural mobilization was more effective in improving hamstring length then myofascial release of suboccipital muscle in improving hamstring length. Conclusion: This study concluded that both neural mobilization and myofascial release of suboccipital muscle is effective in increasing length of hamstring muscle, where as neural mobilization was better when assessed with sit and reach test. Keywords: Hamstring length, neural mobilization, myofascial release, suboccipital muscle, sit and reach test, Straight leg raise, finger to foot test.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemaparan Uap Anti Nyamuk Elektrik yang Mengandung Allathrin terhadap Berat dan Warna Paru-ParuTikusi

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Tri Pangesti Hayu ◽  
Ayly Soekanto
Keyword(s):  
Colour Change ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mosquito Repellent ◽  
Change Analysis ◽  
Anova Test ◽  
Data Process ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Experimental Laboratory ◽  
Group 2

Lungs as place where the gases exchange inside the body is related to enviroment sorrounding. Usage of electric mosquito repellent that contained allethrin on certain period can inflict lung’s abnormalities.The aim to this research is to find the effect of fumes exposure from the electric mosquito repellent that contained allethrin to weight and colour of rat’s lungs. The research was experimental laboratory. 24 male rats strain Wistar that devided into 4 groups, which were group 1 control (P0) without exposure, group 2 (P1) exposed 4 hours a day, group 3 (P2) exposed 6 hours a day and group 4 (P3) exposed 8 hours a day. In 30 th day, the rats terminated in the order to taken their lungs organ by operation. The purpose of taken the lungs was analyzed lung’s weight and alteration of its colour. The acquired data process by Anova test for weight analysis, and Kruskal Wallis test for colour change analysis, respectively with significant value (α < 0,05). The result of anova test is (α = 0.004) and kruskal wallis test is (α = 0,001), that to mean there are significan differentiation in group. Conclusion of this research : there was an effects of fumes exposure of electric mosquito repellent that contain allethrin against the weight and colour of the rat’s lungs. That effect on the lungs occour because collaps of the alveolus or lungs.

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