scholarly journals Exploring the Motivation of Pupils towards the Implementation of QR Codes in Pronunciation Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Kim Hua Tan ◽  
Kar Mei Chee
Keyword(s):  
Sense Of Belonging ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Qr Codes ◽  
Code Model ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Perceived Choice ◽  
Survey Questionnaires

The implementation of Quick Response (QR) codes in education has become increasingly popular. Previous studies proved that it can increase the motivation of pupils in learning. Hence, this research investigates the difference of pupils’ motivation levels in learning pronunciation after the implementation of QR codes. We examine the motivation of pupils in terms of four aspects: interest, competence, perceived choice and sense of belonging. Accordingly, we propose a QR code model, which is linked to Google Forms that contain audio recordings for pronunciation practice. With the proposed QR code activity, the pupils can record their versions of audio recordings of pronunciation and submit to their teacher for feedback. The participants are 90 year 4 pupils from a sub-urban Chinese primary school in Johor. We employ a pre-experimental research design in this research. We collect our data by using 2 research instruments: survey questionnaires and observation checklist. We administer the survey questionnaires before and after the implementation of QR codes to find out the changes in the motivation of pupils. We also utilise an observation checklist to examine the attitude of the participants during the implementation of QR codes in pronunciation learning. The findings of this research reveal a significant change in the pupils’ motivation towards the implementation of QR codes in pronunciation learning. Specifically, we find an increment of motivation in learning pronunciation as the pupils show interests in learning.   Received: 6 October 2020 / Accepted: 12 December 2020 / Published: 17 January 2021

scholarly journals ART-UP: A Novel Method for Generating Scanning-Robust Aesthetic QR Codes

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Mingliang Xu ◽  
Qingfeng Li ◽  
Jianwei Niu ◽  
Hao Su ◽  
Xiting Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Qr Codes ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Coarse To Fine

Quick response (QR) codes are usually scanned in different environments, so they must be robust to variations in illumination, scale, coverage, and camera angles. Aesthetic QR codes improve the visual quality, but subtle changes in their appearance may cause scanning failure. In this article, a new method to generate scanning-robust aesthetic QR codes is proposed, which is based on a module-based scanning probability estimation model that can effectively balance the tradeoff between visual quality and scanning robustness. Our method locally adjusts the luminance of each module by estimating the probability of successful sampling. The approach adopts the hierarchical, coarse-to-fine strategy to enhance the visual quality of aesthetic QR codes, which sequentially generate the following three codes: a binary aesthetic QR code, a grayscale aesthetic QR code, and the final color aesthetic QR code. Our approach also can be used to create QR codes with different visual styles by adjusting some initialization parameters. User surveys and decoding experiments were adopted for evaluating our method compared with state-of-the-art algorithms, which indicates that the proposed approach has excellent performance in terms of both visual quality and scanning robustness.

scholarly journals Implementation for Quick Response Code

2019 ◽  
pp. 249-252
Author(s):  
K. Ravikumar ◽  
R. Geetha
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Qr Codes ◽  
Response Code ◽  
Quick Response Code ◽  
The People ◽  
Identity Card

Quick Response (QR) codes are versatile. a chunk of long trilingual text, a connected URL, an automatic SMS message, an identity card or simply regarding any data is embedded into the two-dimensional barcode. as well as moderate equipped mobile devices, QR Codes will connect the users to the data quickly and simply. The operations to retrieve or store QR codes are unbelievably easy and fast, and with mobile devices, build them the best academic tools for teaching and learning. QR codes are all over and most of the people have mobile phones equipped with QR code readers. though QR codes existed for over fifteen years, there arent such a lot of analysis applications during this space.

scholarly journals Animated Two-Dimensional Barcode Generation Using Optimization Algorithms – Redesign of Formulation, Operator, and Quality Evaluation

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Ono ◽  
◽  
Kensuke Morinaga ◽  
Shigeru Nakayama
Keyword(s):  
Code Generation ◽  
Optimization Problem ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Qr Codes ◽  
Running Head ◽  
Generation Problem ◽  
Font Color

To improve on our previously proposed but problem-plagued innovation for generating animated and illustrated Quick Response (QR) codes, this paper proposes a method which formulates the animated QR code generation problem as an optimization problem rather than as a set of still QR code decoration problems. The proposed method also uses optimization operators designed for this problem and quality evaluation to maintain natural, smooth movement. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed method can generate animated QR codes involve a maximum of eight illustrations moving inside the code which maintaining decoding feasibility and smooth illustration movement.<FONT color="red" size="3">Erratum<br /></FONT> <FONT color="red" size="2">Due to a wrong manipulation during the correction of the proofs of the above paper, the running head title (short title) was incorrect. The correct running head title should have read as "Animated Two–Dimensional Barcode Generation."</FONT>

scholarly journals XOR-ed visual secret sharing scheme with robust and meaningful shadows based on QR codes

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 5719-5741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longdan Tan ◽  
Yuliang Lu ◽  
Xuehu Yan ◽  
Lintao Liu ◽  
Xuan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Error Correction ◽  
Secret Sharing ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Salt And Pepper Noise ◽  
Visual Secret Sharing ◽  
Qr Codes ◽  
Secret Image ◽  
Sharing Scheme ◽  
Salt And Pepper

AbstractQuick response (QR) codes are becoming increasingly popular in various areas of life due to the advantages of the error correction capacity, the ability to be scanned quickly and the capacity to contain meaningful content. The distribution of dark and light modules of a QR code looks random, but the content of a code can be decoded by a standard QR reader. Thus, a QR code is often used in combination with visual secret sharing (VSS) to generate meaningful shadows. There may be some losses in the process of distribution and preservation of the shadows. To recover secret images with high quality, it is necessary to consider the scheme’s robustness. However, few studies examine robustness of VSS combined with QR codes. In this paper, we propose a robust (k, n)-threshold XOR-ed VSS (XVSS) scheme based on a QR code with the error correction ability. Compared with OR-ed VSS (OVSS), XVSS can recover the secret image losslessly, and the amount of computation needed is low. Since the standard QR encoder does not check if the padding codewords are correct during the encoding phase, we replace padding codewords by initial shadows shared from the secret image using XVSS to generate QR code shadows. As a result, the shadows can be decoded normally, and their error correction abilities are preserved. Once all the shadows have been collected, the secret image can be recovered losslessly. More importantly, if some conventional image attacks, including rotation, JPEG compression, Gaussian noise, salt-and-pepper noise, cropping, resizing, and even the addition of camera and screen noises are performed on the shadows, the secret image can still be recovered. The experimental results and comparisons demonstrate the effectiveness of our scheme.

scholarly journals A Survey on Secrete Communication through QR Code Steganography for Military Application

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 728-731
Author(s):  
Nikita Bhoskar
Keyword(s):  
Secret Sharing ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Secret Sharing Scheme ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Visual Secret Sharing ◽  
Qr Codes ◽  
Response Code ◽  
Sharing Scheme ◽  
Quick Response Code

Abstract: The quick response code (QR) has become most popular barcode because of its larger data capacity and increased damage resistance. Barcode scanners can easily extract information hidden in the QR code when scanning data forms. However, some confidential data stored directly in QR codes are not secure in real world QR apps. To proposed approach to visual secret sharing scheme to encode a secret QR code into distinct shares. In assessment with other techniques, the shares in proposed scheme are valid QR codes that may be decoded with some unique that means of a trendy QR code reader, so that escaping increases suspicious attackers. An existing sharing technique is subjected to loss of security. On this premise, consider the strategy for (k, n) get to structures by using the (k, k) sharing occurrence on each k-member subset dependent on specific relationship. In addition, the secret message is recovered with the aid of XOR-ing the qualified shares. This operation which can effortlessly be achieved the use of smartphones or different QR scanning gadgets. Contribution work is, working on optimal partitioning methods and compare original message with shared message using hashing techniques. Keywords: Hashing, partitioning algorithm, error correction capacity, high security, Quick Response code, visual secret sharing scheme

scholarly journals Recognition of Perspective Distorted QR Codes with a Partially Damaged Finder Pattern in Real Scene Images

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7814
Author(s):  
Ladislav Karrach ◽  
Elena Pivarčiová ◽  
Pavol Bozek
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Robots ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Image Binarization ◽  
Computationally Efficient ◽  
Qr Codes ◽  
Operational Space ◽  
Perspective Distortion ◽  
Real Scene

QR (Quick Response) codes are one of the most famous types of two-dimensional (2D) matrix barcodes, which are the descendants of well-known 1D barcodes. The mobile robots which move in certain operational space can use information and landmarks from environment for navigation and such information may be provided by QR Codes. We have proposed algorithm, which localizes a QR Code in an image in a few sequential steps. We start with image binarization, then we continue with QR Code localization, where we utilize characteristic Finder Patterns, which are located in three corners of a QR Code, and finally we identify perspective distortion. The presented algorithm is able to deal with a damaged Finder Pattern, works well for low-resolution images and is computationally efficient.

MOBILE WALLETS AND CONSUMER SPENDING IN SINGAPORE: AGARWAL et al. REVISITED

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
LEO VAN HOVE
Keyword(s):  
Credit Card ◽  
Alternative Explanation ◽  
Spillover Effect ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Qr Codes ◽  
Mobile Payments ◽  
Positive Spillover ◽  
Entrepreneurial Growth ◽  
The Impact

Agarwal et al. ( 2019 ). Mobile wallet and entrepreneurial growth. AEA Papers and Proceedings, 109, 48–53 analyze the impact of the introduction of quick response (QR) codes for mobile payments in Singapore. They find that this not only resulted in a significant increase in the use of mobile wallets, but that there was also a positive spillover effect on debit and credit card payments — in particular at small and new businesses. This note argues that the increase in card sales cannot have been driven by the QR code technology. I also proffer an alternative explanation, namely, that Agarwal et al. simply capture the concurrent increase in popularity of contactless cards.

scholarly journals Implementation of Cargo Image System Via QR Code for Export Containers: Case Study of the Keelung Port

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-109
Author(s):  
Ki-Yin Chang ◽  
Chung-Ping Liu ◽  
Mei-Lian Huang ◽  
Jian-Hung Shen ◽  
Ji-Feng Ding
Keyword(s):  
Qr Code ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Qr Codes ◽  
Image System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Examination Performance ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Doors

AbstractThis article proposes a novel implementation of a cloud cargo image system via Quick Response (QR) codes to reduce the amount and cost of manual unpacking examinations for export containers. First, individual cargo pictures for different owners are taken before loading. After loading, cargo scenario photos are also taken right before sealing the doors. According to the customs inspection procedure, all containers selected for checks were X-rayed. If cargo X-ray images cannot be identified by customs, the container must be unpacked for examination. In this study, customs officers can access the cargo interior photos with a voucher via its QR code. By comparing X-ray images and cargo scenario photos, the officers verify whether the inspection cargo and declared goods are consistent. Thus, the amount and cost of manual unpacking examination can be substantially reduced. Simulation results showed that, for the inspectors using the X-ray scanner with this cargo image system, overall examination performance for export containers increased by about 32%. This study further expects to provide results and findings to relevant stakeholders for reference.

scholarly journals Simbiose entre tecnologia móvel e patrimônio natural: uma proposta pedagógica

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Baptista ◽  
Jasmine Cardozo Moreira
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Technology ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Qr Codes ◽  
Response Code ◽  
Natural Heritage ◽  
Rock Formations ◽  
Quick Response Code ◽  
The Way

O massivo uso de smartphones está provocando a incorporação destes aparelhos para funções aquém da comunicação. Seja para buscar informações, comprar produtos ou localizar-se em lugares não habituais, os smartphones vem substituindo outros recursos, principalmente devido sua mobilidade. Diante disso, o potencial deste aparelho para práticas educativas, pedagógicas e turísticas é corroborado através do relatório produzido pelo Hosteltur (2013), que, ao elencar as tecnologias que estão afetando a forma que o turismo é praticado, diagnosticou que o acesso a sites de museus, cresceu de 5% em 2011 para 30% em 2013, tendendo a se estabilizar em 50% a médio prazo. Além da navegação na internet, os smartphones oferecem outras possibilidades, através da instalação de aplicativos de acordo com interesses individuais. Diante deste contexto, considera-se a necessidade de aproximar o conhecimento científico de forma holística, ao descrever que: a cada dia erguem-se vozes para denunciar a distância que separa o conhecimento da vida, pois a forma como se desenvolve a educação acentua o isolamento do sujeito a respeito de sua realidade. Sob esta perspectiva, objetivou-se com este estudo desenvolver códigos bidimensionais – QR Code (Quick Response Code), que contenham informações sobre atrativos, visando educar os visitantes in situ. Os QR Codes, criados com objetivo de aumentar a quantidade de dados contidos em códigos de barras convencionais, ocupando menor espaço após sua impressão, passou a ser amplamente utilizados em diferentes segmentos ao longo da última década. Assim, utilizou-se como ferramenta para a gerar estes códigos o software invertexto, no qual foram criadas mensagens educativas que auxiliam o visitante a compreender e interpretar a origem das formações rochosas do Parque Estadual de Vila Velha – PEVV (PR), nas cores branca e verde para integrá-los com menor impacto ao meio ambiente e índice de confiabilidade mínima de 93% para os três principais sistemas operacionais atuais. Os resultados demonstraram que os QR Codes podem ser confeccionados em placas retangulares e verticais, nas dimensões de 23 x 20 cm, dispostas a aproximadamente 80 cm do solo, no decorrer da trilha de acesso à formação principal da Unidade de Conservação. Por fim, acredita-se que o uso de smartphones e sua interação com o meio ambiente por meio da tecnologia poderá despertar a curiosidade dos visitantes em descobrir o que os códigos ‘escondem’, estimulá-los a aprender de forma lúdica e incentivá-los à conservação do local, conscientizando-os das fragilidades existentes no PEVV. Symbiosis between mobile technology and natural heritage: an educational proposal ABSTRACT TThe massive use of smartphones is leading to the incorporation of these devices to function beyond communication. It’s used to looking for information, to buy products or locating in unusual places. Thus the smartphone is replacing other resources, mainly due to their mobility. The potential of this device for educational, pedagogical and tourist activities is stated out by the report produced by Hosteltur (2013), which had listed the technologies that are affecting the way that tourism is practiced and diagnosed that access to museum sites increased from 5% in 2011 to 30% in 2013, tending to stabilize at 50% in the medium term. In addition to web browsing, smartphones offer other possibilities to use by installing applications according to individual interests. Given this context, it was based in the need to bring scientific knowledge holistically, it is important to fill the gap between the knowledge of life, because the way that develops education accentuates the isolation of the subject about his reality. From this perspective, the aim of this study was to develop two-dimensional codes – QR Code (Quick Response Code), containing information about attractions, aiming to educate visitors in situ. QR Codes, created in order to increase the amount of data contained in conventional bars, but occupying less space after printing, became widely used in different segments over the past decade. The tool that it was used to generate these codes was the invertexto software. Educational messages were created to help the visitor to understand and interpret the origin of the Parque Estadual de Vila Velha – PEVV (PR, Brazil) rock formations. It was used the white and green colors, to integrate them with less environmental impact, beyond the minimum reliability index of 93% for the three major current operating systems. The results shows QR codes with a rectangular form and they were made in vertical signals, with the dimensions of 9.05 x 7.87 (in), arranged at approximately 31.49 (in) above the ground. They could be located at the main trail formation at PEVV. Finally, it is believed that the use of smartphones and their interaction with the environment through technology may arouse the curiosity of visitors to find out what the codes 'hide', encouraging them to learn, making them aware about the potential impacts at PEVV. KEYWORDS: Mobile Technology; Natural Heritage; Pedagogical Tourism; QR Code; Parque Estadual de Vila Velha.

scholarly journals Multiple Schemes for Mobile Payment Authentication Using QR Code and Visual Cryptography

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfeng Lu ◽  
Zaorang Yang ◽  
Lina Li ◽  
Wenqiang Yuan ◽  
Li Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cryptography ◽  
Mobile Payment ◽  
Qr Code ◽  
Quick Response ◽  
Qr Codes ◽  
Response Code ◽  
Quick Response Code ◽  
Transaction Process ◽  
Visual Cryptography Scheme ◽  
Background Image

QR code (quick response code) is used due to its beneficial properties, especially in the mobile payment field. However, there exists an inevitable risk in the transaction process. It is not easily perceived that the attacker tampers with or replaces the QR code that contains merchant’s beneficiary account. Thus, it is of great urgency to conduct authentication of QR code. In this study, we propose a novel mechanism based on visual cryptography scheme (VCS) and aesthetic QR code, which contains three primary schemes for different concealment levels. The main steps of these schemes are as follows. Firstly, one original QR code is split into two shadows using VC multiple rules; secondly, the two shadows are embedded into the same background image, respectively, and the embedded results are fused with the same carrier QR code, respectively, using XOR mechanism of RS and QR code error correction mechanism. Finally, the two aesthetic QR codes can be stacked precisely and the original QR code is restored according to the defined VCS. Experiments corresponding to three proposed schemes are conducted and demonstrate the feasibility and security of the mobile payment authentication, the significant improvement of the concealment for the shadows in QR code, and the diversity of mobile payment authentication.

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