LINKING HISTORICAL, FIELD, AND SATELLITE DATA TO DETERMINE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GAS EMISSIONS AND VEGETATION CHANGE IN THE PUHIMAU GEOTHERMAL AREA EAST RIFT ZONE KILAUEA, HAWAII

Remote Sensing is a proven tool to study the Earth's surface and allows to analyze the wide portion of the surfaces by using different platforms/sensors (e.g. optical and active remote sensing, lidar), giving the possibility of multidisciplinary and multiscale approaches. In the proposed study, remote sensing analysis provides the possibility to understand the relationship between tectonic structures, lithology, and geothermal manifestations, and to test these techniques to monitor geothermal areas. This study allowed us to better understand the structural framework of a geothermal area, located in Southern Tuscany, highlighting the role of brittle deformation to produce an enhanced pathway for fluid migrations and upwelling.The studied area is the &#8220;Parco Naturalistico delle Biancane&#8221; (PNB) in the Grosseto province and belongs to the Cenozoic Tyrrhenian-Apennine orogenic system. The tectonic framework includes a fault and thrust belt setting derived from the collision between the Corsica-Sardinia Block and Adriatic Plate during late Oligocene-Miocene times. This process determined the pile-up of several tectonic units which are, from the top: (1) Ligurian Units consisting of ophiolitic rocks and pelagic sediments (Jurassic - Oligocen); (2) Cretaceous-Oligocene terrigenous deposits; (3) The Mesozoic Tuscan Nappe. Successively, the belt was affected by a regional, mainly extensional tectonics, then a magmatic intrusion affected this thinned Tyrrhenian belt to form the Tuscan Magmatic Province. In Recent time, the region underwent a general, yet differentiated uplift, and the major geothermal areas locate to the relative higher zone. This provides the Southern Tuscany to be the main Italian geothermal area.In this study, we analyzed the area from several points of view. The lineament domain analysis was performed in a multiscale approach: from 90 meters to 5 meters of pixel size, including 30 m and 10 m. This multiscale analysis allowed the identification of a number of lineament clusters related to the different tectonic phases which affected the PNB area. The found lineament distribution (in terms of azimuth and length) reflects the geodynamics effects on the surface, their clustering was related to the various crustal stress trajectories both at the regional and local scales.

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Diurnal fluxes of CO2 and N2O from cattle-impacted soil and implications for emission estimates

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/127/2010-pse ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 56 (No. 10) ◽

pp. 451-457 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

M. Šimek ◽

P. Brůček ◽

J. Hynšt

Keyword(s):

Spatial Heterogeneity ◽

Time Course ◽

Diurnal Changes ◽

Short Term ◽

Gas Emissions ◽

Gas Fluxes ◽

Spatially Distributed ◽

The Relationship ◽

Overwintering Area

Short-term diurnal changes in emissions of CO2 and N2O were determined in a cattle overwintering area during three specific periods of the year. Production of both N2O and CO2, as determined with gas chambers buried in soil and spatially distributed changed rapidly, and the general course of fluxes of the two gases was different. CO2 emissions were basically controlled by temperature, and most gas chambers showed the same trends in CO2 flux, indicating low spatial heterogeneity. In contrast, N2O emissions were much more spatially heterogeneous and each chamber had its own time course of emission; therefore, the relationship between flux and temperature was more complicated for N2O than CO2. For estimating gas emissions over long periods, we strongly recommend the use of frequent emission measurements during periods of high gas fluxes.

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The relationship between municipal solid waste and greenhouse gas emissions: Evidence from Switzerland

Waste Management ◽

10.1016/j.wasman.2020.05.033 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 113 ◽

pp. 508-520 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Cosimo Magazzino ◽

Marco Mele ◽

Nicolas Schneider

Keyword(s):

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Gas Emissions ◽

The Relationship

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96/01730 Fluid-inclusion evidence for past temperature fluctuations in the Kilauea East Rift Zone geothermal area, Hawaii

Fuel and Energy Abstracts ◽

10.1016/0140-6701(96)87759-9 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 37 (2) ◽

pp. 117

Keyword(s):

Fluid Inclusion ◽

Rift Zone ◽

Temperature Fluctuations ◽

Geothermal Area

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How Do Energy Use and Climate Change Affect Fast-Start Finance? A Cross-Country Empirical Investigation

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12229676 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (22) ◽

pp. 9676

Author(s):

Renato Passaro ◽

Ivana Quinto ◽

Giuseppe Scandurra ◽

Antonio Thomas

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Energy Use ◽

Anthropogenic Activity ◽

Gas Emissions ◽

Mitigation And Adaptation ◽

Fast Start ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

To promote the sustainable development of developing countries through the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and the impact of anthropogenic activity on the atmosphere, for some decades, developed countries and international institutions provided an increasing amount of climate financing tools, allocated through multiple channels. After the Copenhagen Conference of the Parties (COP15) held in 2009, developed country parties pledged to provide new and additional resources, including forestry and investments, approaching USD 30 billion for the period 2010–2012 and with balanced allocation between mitigation and adaptation. This collective commitment has come to be known as “Fast-start Finance” (FSF). To assess the key factors contributing to the amount and distribution of funding supporting projects using FSF, in this paper, we investigate the relationship between FSF, energy use, and greenhouse gas emissions. To this aim, two main analyses were carried out: (i) a qualitative examination of donor’s funding strategies and (ii) a quantitative analysis deepening the relationship between climate finance and greenhouse gas emissions by beneficiaries through a quantile regression model. Findings indicate a need to redesign the current aid scheme, and suggest an increasing need for financed projects to support sustainable economic innovation patterns of developing countries while paying close attention to the environmental policy context. The purpose was to provide useful feedback to policymakers to assess the effectiveness of the flow of funding for environmental plans and to avoid excessive aid dispersal and consequently a reduction of the FSF benefits.

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A 23,000-yr Pollen Record from Lake Euramoo, Wet Tropics of NE Queensland, Australia

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1016/j.yqres.2005.08.013 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

pp. 343-356 ◽

Cited By ~ 97

Author(s):

Simon G. Haberle

Keyword(s):

New Record ◽

Vegetation Change ◽

Fire History ◽

World Heritage ◽

Pollen Record ◽

Orbital Forcing ◽

Wet Tropics ◽

The Relationship ◽

Warm Temperate ◽

Significant Factors

AbstractA new extended pollen and charcoal record is presented from Lake Euramoo, Wet Tropics World Heritage rainforest of northeast Queensland, Australia. The 8.4-m sediment core taken from the center of Lake Euramoo incorporates a complete record of vegetation change and fire history spanning the period from 23,000 cal yr B.P. to present. The pollen record is divided into five significant zones; 23,000–16,800 cal yr B.P., dry sclerophyll woodland; 16,800–8600 cal yr B.P., wet sclerophyll woodland with marginal rainforest in protected pockets; 8600–5000 cal yr B.P., warm temperate rainforest; 5000–70 cal yr B.P., dry subtropical rainforest; 70 cal yr B.P.–AD 1999, degraded dry subtropical rainforest with increasing influence of invasive species and fire.The process of rainforest development appears to be at least partly controlled by orbital forcing (precession), though more local environmental variables and human activity are also significant factors. This new record provides the opportunity to explore the relationship between fire, drought and rainforest dynamics in a significant World Heritage rainforest region.

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Links between spring snow cover and long-term alpine vegetation change

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-8737 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Shengwei Zong ◽

Christian Rixen

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Snow Cover ◽

Plant Species ◽

Climate Warming ◽

Vegetation Change ◽

Alpine Vegetation ◽

Alpine Ecosystems ◽

Snow Cover Extent ◽

The Relationship

Snow is an important environmental factor determining distributions of plant species in alpine ecosystems. During the past decades, climate warming has resulted in significant reduction of snow cover extent globally, which led to remarkable alpine vegetation change. Alpine vegetation change is often caused by the combined effects of increasing air temperature and snow cover change, yet the relationship between snow cover and vegetation change is currently not fully understood. To detect changes in both snow cover and alpine vegetation, a relatively fine spatial scales over long temporal spans is necessary. In this study in alpine tundra of the Changbai Mountains, Northeast China, we (1) quantified spatiotemporal changes of spring snow cover area (SCA) during half a century by using multi-source remote sensing datasets; (2) detected long-term vegetation greening and browning trends at pixel level using Landsat archives of 30 m resolution, and (3) analyzed the relationship between spring SCA change and vegetation change. Results showed that spring SCA has decreased significantly during the last 50 years in line with climate warming. Changes in vegetation greening and browning trend were related to distributional range dynamics of a dominant indigenous evergreen shrub Rhododendron aureum, which extended at the leading edge and retracted at the trailing edge. Changes in R. aureum distribution were probably related to spring snow cover changes. Areas with decreasing R. aureum cover were often located in snow patches where probably herbs and grasses encroached from low elevations and adjacent communities. Our study highlights that spring SCA derived from multi-source remote sensing imagery can be used as a proxy to explore relationship between snow cover and vegetation change in alpine ecosystems. Alpine indigenous plant species may migrate upward following the reduction of snow-dominated environments in the context of climate warming and could be threatened by encroaching plants within snow bed habitats.

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An Analysis of Vegetation Change Trends and Their Causes in Inner Mongolia, China from 1982 to 2006

Advances in Meteorology ◽

10.1155/2011/367854 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Baolin Li ◽

Wanli Yu ◽

Juan Wang

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Change ◽

Vegetation Index ◽

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽

Anthropogenic Factors ◽

Simple Linear Regression ◽

Ordos Plateau ◽

Hetao Plain ◽

Avhrr Data ◽

The Relationship ◽

Very High

This paper presents the vegetation change trends and their causes in the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region, China from 1982 to 2006. We used National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) data to determine the vegetation change trends based on regression model by fitting simple linear regression through the time series of the integrated Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in the growing season for each pixel and calculating the slopes. We also explored the relationship between vegetation change trends and climatic and anthropogenic factors. This paper indicated that a large portion of the study area (17%) had experienced a significant vegetation increase at the 0.05 level from 1982 to 2006. The significant vegetation increase showed no positive link with precipitation and was mainly caused by human activities. In or to the south of Horqin Sandy Land, in the Hetao Plain, and at the northern foothills of the YinshanMountain, the significant NDVI increase trends were mainly caused by the increase of the millet yield per unit of cropland. In the east of Ordos Plateau, the significant NDVI increase trends were mainly determined by the fencing and planting of grasses and trees on grassland.

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