scholarly journals AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE USED IN POEM OF THE ECHOING GREEN BY WILLIAM BLAKE

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
Muji Endah Palupi
Keyword(s):  
Figurative Language ◽  
William Blake ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
English Poetry ◽  
Structure Form ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Vocabulary Skills ◽  
Human And Nature

The purpose of this research is to study an analysis of figurative language in poetry. People are interested in reading literary books because reading literary books makes them to understand about life, human and nature. Reading literary books can get pleasure. The language used in poetry make more complex. Figurative language can make create interesting poetry. It is important to know the meaning of poems. Sometimes people read poetry without understanding the meaning conveyed. Poetry is a collection of words that express emotions or ideas into a literary text. In poetry there are many elements of language. English poetry can help students to improve their vocabulary skills. Poetry improves skills in listening word for word conveyed from the reader of the poem. Poetry analysis examines the elements of language to understand literary works as a whole. Analyzing a poem line by line allows you to learn about its structure, form, language, metric patterns, and themes. Hopefully this research can be widely accepted so that readers will be interested in knowing more about poetry and it is nuances

Taʾwīl and the Meaning of the Text in the Arabic Language: An Introduction to Understanding the Qur'an

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 337-314
Author(s):  
ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad al-Shāmī
Keyword(s):  
Figurative Language ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Arabic Text ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Original Meaning ◽  
High Literature

The question of clarifying the meaning of a given Arabic text is a subtle one, especially as high literature texts can often be read in more than one way. Arabic is rich in figurative language and this can lead to variety in meaning, sometimes in ways that either adhere closely or diverge far from the ‘original’ meaning. In order to understand a fine literary text in Arabic, one must have a comprehensive understanding of the issue of taʾwīl, and the concept that multiplicity of meaning does not necessarily lead to contradiction. This article surveys the opinions of various literary critics and scholars of balāgha on this issue with a brief discussion of the concepts of tafsīr and sharḥ, which sometimes overlap with taʾwīl.

Elementy poetyki ludowej w powieści Rzeczy uprzyjemniające. Utopia T. Bołdak-Janowskiej

2020 ◽  
pp. 182-197
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Goral
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Source Material ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The One ◽  
Cultural Features

The aim of the article is to analyse the elements of folk poetics in the novel Pleasant things. Utopia by T. Bołdak-Janowska. The category of folklore is understood in a rather narrow way, and at the same time it is most often used in critical and literary works as meaning a set of cultural features (customs and rituals, beliefs and rituals, symbols, beliefs and stereotypes) whose carrier is the rural folk. The analysis covers such elements of the work as place, plot, heroes, folk system of values, folk rituals, customs, and symbols. The description is conducted based on the analysis of source material as well as selected works in the field of literary text analysis and ethnolinguistics. The analysis shows that folk poetics was creatively associated with the elements of fairy tales and fantasy in the studied work, and its role consists of – on the one hand – presenting the folk world represented and – on the other – presenting a message about the meaning of human existence.

Behind the stage of a literary text. ‘Custom is despot among men’

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-83
Author(s):  
E. N. Tsimbaeva
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
World War ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fiction Writers

The article analyzes physical and physiological problems caused by fashionable clothing in the mid-18th to early 20th cc. that shaped people’s appearances and lifestyles in the past. Affecting the skeletal system and the functioning of internal organs and brain in particular and causing various illnesses, these problems went largely unrecognized by contemporaries, including writers, but would inevitably surface in literary works as part and parcel of everyday life. Without understanding their role, one may struggle to comprehend not only plot twists and characters’ motivations but also the mentality of the bygone era as portrayed in fiction. Chronologically, the research covers the period from the mid-18th c. to World War I. The author only focuses on so-called respectable society (a very tentative term that covers members of the aristocracy and other classes with comparable lifestyles), since it was this group which drew the most attention from fiction writers of the period. The scholar chose to concentrate on the kind of daily realia of ‘noble society’ that permeate works by Russian, English, French and, to some extent, German authors, considered most prominent in Europe at the time.

scholarly journals Literary translation: implantation vs transference

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
AlZu’bi Khaled
Keyword(s):  
Figurative Language ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Figures Of Speech

The figurative language employed by authors, which reflects their styles of writing, is one main reason behind the challenges that most literary translators encounter when dealing with literary works. Usually employed for aesthetic and poetic purposes, figures of speech imply connotative meanings. In literary works, words are used only assigns to settle down the flying spirits of meanings and ideas so that the audience can have a thread that could lead them to intended meanings. I believe that literary translators should face the challenges of translating literary works through two main approaches. First, transferring the work of art as it is without trying to find any equivalent in the target language for any piece of text in the source language. The aim of such type of translation would be familiarizing the audience in the target language with the literature and culture of the source language. Second, translating the SL work of art creatively, i.e. using all possible strategies and procedures to find natural equivalents in the TL for any stylistic features in the SLT. This type of translation should aim at pleasing and entertaining the TL audience.

scholarly journals Developing Multi-Literacy Skills by Creating Graphic Story in Literature Class: A Project-Based Learning Approach

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-95
Author(s):  
Rahmad Hidayat ◽  
Fajar Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Action Plan ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Literacy Skills ◽  
Project Based Learning ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Literary Adaptation ◽  
Text Understanding ◽  
Literary Theories ◽  
Literature Class ◽  
Reader Response Criticism

The research aims to develop multi-literacy skills by creating a literary graphic story as a creative and innovative way for English Department students in learning literature. By creating an adaptation from text to picture, students are expected to improve their ability to understand literary works and express their creative and innovative skills. This is a qualitative study implementing the Project-based Learning (PBL) approach in literature class, which aims to produce graphic stories as the output of studying literature. Students do not only understand the literary theories but also make something out of their understanding. The scaffolding instruction method was employed to examine practices of improving multiliteracy skills. A detailed action research plan, including preliminary observation in the classroom, action plan, intervention, and guiding, is applied. The investigation related to the barriers in doing the project is going to be conducted as well. Reader Response criticism is introduced to students in the reading and analyzing stage as a useful method to develop their critical thinking in evaluating the literary works they read. We argue that the students improve their reading skills, writing skills and producing graphic story stories based on their own interpretation of the literary text, which is proven by the summary and conversation texts they produce in the graphic stories. They also develop their creativity by producing images and pictures as the result of the literary adaptation process. There are two significant outcomes of the project: developing literary text understanding as well as producing the original graphic story.

scholarly journals A Freudian Reading of Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights

2021 ◽  
pp. 466-475
Author(s):  
Shaima Abdullah Jassim ◽  
Alaa Muzahim Abdulrazaq
Keyword(s):  
Human Mind ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Wuthering Heights ◽  
Slips Of The Tongue ◽  
Human Psyche ◽  
The Impact

There are many theories that emerged in fields other than literature but influenced the literary works greatly. These theories are used by scholars and critics to analyses and study the literary text. Among these theories are Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalysis and the theory of interpretation of dreams. According to Freud, the human mind is divided into two parts: the conscious and the subconscious. Freud used this theory to treat his patients by making them lie down and talk about their dreams, childhood and other thoughts. It is an attempt to make the unconscious conscious. Additionally, the unconscious can be revealed through the slips of the tongue (paraphrases) and dreams. Moreover, Freud assumes that the human psyche consists of three parts: Id (a store of the human desires and needs); superego (the part of the psyche which represents the high ideals); ego (the part which tries to make a compromise between the id and the superego). He also emphasizes the effect of our childhood upon our lives. The present study is a Freudian reading to Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights with reference to the impact of the author’s life upon the flow of the events and the lives of the characters.

Iranian Women's Literature: From Pre-Revolutionary Social Discourse to Post-Revolutionary Feminism

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamran Talattof
Keyword(s):  
Figurative Language ◽  
Gender Issues ◽  
Literary Discourse ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
Strict Sense ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Male Dominated ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Revolution

The literary works produced by Iranian women writers after the 1979 revolution, despite their diversity in artistic value and quality of narrative, commonly manifest a remarkable sensitivity toward women's issues and gender relations. The overall theme tying these works together seems to be the problematic of gender hierarchy and women's suffering expressed in a figurative language, transcending the extant male-dominated literary discourse. In these works, women's personal and private experiences become public. Their narratives articulate their protests against sexual oppression and reflect their struggle for identity. This phenomenon is noteworthy not simply because this is a literature produced by women about women, but also because this body of work displays a contrast with the literary works produced by women in the decades preceding the revolution. Pre-revolutionary works, under the sway of the dominant literary discourse, did not give rise to a feminist literary movement, for they emphasized sociopolitical issues more than specific gender issues. To be sure, there were themes related to women, but they were often presented in the context of socially conscious yet male-dominated committed literature. Women's literary paradigms before and after the revolution thus represent different literary discourses, and the Iranian Revolution of 1979 appears to be the major historical event that separates these two discourses and may well be responsible for the shift. In a strict sense, gender is socially constituted, and gender issues are in fact a type of social issue.

scholarly journals The Contributions of Systemic Functional Linguistics to Literary Text Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Arsen Nahum Pasaribu ◽  
Erika Sinambela ◽  
Sondang Manik
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Systemic Functional Linguistics ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Functional Linguistics

Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) refers to some kind of text analysis, including an analysis of literary language. Some research has verified the study of the literary text using this linguistic apparatus; however the use of SFL in literary text analysis is relatively rare. Therefore, this study investigated the contributions of SFL to literary text analysis. The data of the study were 20 scientific articles focusing on literary text analysis using SFL. The analysis used content analysis to expose the segments of the story analyzed and the components of SFL to analyze them. The findings showed that the method of analysis using SFL on the literary text has brought new perspectives to the researchers, and provided some possible future studies in literary works. Moreover, the study of literary texts is regarded not merely as interpretative practices but as explanatory categories for each segment of a literary text.

scholarly journals Représentation des relations franco-maghrébines dans le roman Apocalypse bébé : apprendre la culture française-maghrébine à travers des textes littéraires

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 00034
Author(s):  
Novi Kurniawati
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
Real Image ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
The Real ◽  
French Culture ◽  
The Two Cultures ◽  
The Relationship

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent:0in">Learning a foreign language cannot be separated from literature and culture. One of the definitions of literature is a reflection of society; so through literature we can know the real image of society as well as the culture. Moreover, by knowing the foreign cultures of the countries from which we learn the language, we can not only read, but also understand the problems that appear in the texts studied. Similarly, French culture cannot be separated from Maghreb culture. The two cultures complement each other, later becoming the content of various literary, French literary and Francophone literary. The relationship between the two cultures is also part of the content of Virginie Despentes' novel <i>Apocalypse bébé</i>. Through this novel, we can see an image of the relationship between France and the Maghreb people in their social life. Thus, as a learner of French, we could know not only French culture through the textbooks published by French publishers, but also recognize the French culture associated with France both directly and indirectly. Therefore, the literary text entitled <i>Apocalypse bébé</i> can be an alternative source of learning French, not only in terms of language attached to vocabulary and grammar, but also to know French and Francophone culture so that students know the relationship for understanding and analyzing literary works.</p>

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