Aplicaciones de la firma electrónica mediante certificados digitales: El Documento Nacional de Identidad Electrónico en el Ecuador

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Fernando Cedeño Sarmiento ◽  
Alex Gregorio Mendoza Arteaga ◽  
Gregorio Isoldo Mendoza Cedeño ◽  
Enrique Javier Macías Arias
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Electronic Government ◽  
Electronic Signatures ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Identity Document ◽  
Digital Certificates ◽  
Nuevas Tecnologías ◽  
Computer Services

En el presente artículo se realiza un análisis de la usabilidad del Documento Nacional de Identidad electrónico en países desarrollados y su futura implementación en el Ecuador, la necesidad de tener un documento de identificación electrónico legal que permita validar la identidad de los ciudadanos al momento de acceder a los servicios electrónicos públicos y privados. Se analizan conceptos referentes a la firma electrónica, las entidades que intervienen en el proceso, los mecanismos de encriptación de un mensaje, hasta culminar con la implementación de dicha firma electrónica. Finalmente, se hace una reflexión sobre la implementación de un nuevo documento de identidad en el Ecuador el cual debería contener las características necesarias acorde a las nuevas tecnologías existentes, los estándares internacionales y sus posibles usos en los servicios informáticos disponibles en el país.  Palabras clave: Encriptación, tecnologías, servicios informáticos, identificación electrónica   Applications of electronic signatures using digital certificates: The National Electronic Identity in Ecuador   Aplicaciones electrónicas en Ecuador    Abstract  In the present article itself performs an analysis of the usability of the National Electronic Identity Document in developed countries and its future implementation in Ecuador, the need for a legal electronic identification document to validate the identity of citizens at time by accessing the electronic government and corporate services. Discusses concepts related to electronic signatures, the entities involved in the process, the mechanisms for the encryption a message, culminating with the implementation of electronic signatures. Finally, a reflection on the implementation of a new identity in Ecuador that should contain the necessary characteristics according to the new existing technologies, international standards and their possible uses and computer services available in the country. Keywords: Encriptación, tecnologías, servicios informáticos, identificación electrónica

scholarly journals IDENTIDADE CULTURAL E INCLUSÃO TECNOLÓGICA EM UMA PERSPECTIVA FOLKCOMUNICACIONAL DA COMUNIDADE QUILOMBOLA LAGOA DA PEDRA, ARRAIAS-TO

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 524
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Teske ◽  
Marina Haizenreder Ertzogue
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Information Society ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Cultural Resistance ◽  
Cultural Inclusion ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Identidad Cultural ◽  
Nuevas Tecnologías ◽  
World Economic

RESUMO O presente artigo visa mostrar e descrever, mesmo que de forma ainda preliminar, como se operam os intercâmbios folkcomunicacionais na Comunidade Quilombola Lagoa da Pedra, Arraias, Tocantins, e suas práticas de resistência cultural, em um século caracterizado como sendo uma sociedade da informação. Por este motivo, é feita uma abordagem sobre a atual conjuntura econômica mundial e globalização. Além disso, em se tratando de uma comunidade quilombola tradicional traz dados de como ela preserva a sua identidade cultural e ressignificando a sua cultura, ao mesmo tempo em que está ocorrendo uma inclusão tecnológica, com a utilização das novas tecnologias de comunicação e informação.   PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Identidade cultural; inclusão tecnológica; Folkcomunicação; Comunidade Quilombola Lagoa da Pedra, Arraias-TO.     ABSTRACT The present article aims to show and describe, even in a preliminary way, how folk-trade exchanges in the Quilombola Community of Lagoa da Pedra, Arraias, Tocantins, and their practices of cultural resistance, in a century characterized as an information society. For this reason, an approach is made on the current world economic situation and globalization. In addition, in the case of a traditional quilombola community, it provides data on how it preserves its cultural identity and re-signifies its culture, at the same time that a technological inclusion is occurring, with the use of new communication and information technologies.   KEYWORDS: Cultural identity; Technological inclusion; Folkcommunication; Community Quilombola Lagoa da Pedra, Arraias-TO.     RESUMEN Este artículo tiene como objetivo mostrar y describir, aunque todavía preliminares, como si la operación de los intercambios folkcomunicacionais en la Comunidad Quilombola Lagoa da Pedra, Arraias, Tocantins, y sus prácticas culturales de resistencia en un siglo destacado como una sociedad de la información. Por esta razón, se hace un análisis de la actual situación económica mundial y la globalización. Por otra parte, en el caso de un quilombo tradicional aporta datos a medida que se preserve su identidad cultural y redefine su cultura, mientras que usted está experimentando una inclusión tecnológica, con el uso de las nuevas tecnologías de comunicación e información. PALABRAS CLAVE: Identidad cultural; Inclusión tecnológica; Folkcomunicación popular; Comunidad Quilombola Lagoa da Pedra, Arraias-TO.

KAJIAN LITERATUR MODEL KONSEPTUAL KEBERHASILAN E-GOVERNMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadus Gunawan Sudarsono ◽  
Sri Poedji Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Electronic Government ◽  
Digital Government ◽  
Management Ethics ◽  
The Government

The use of internet technology in the government environment is known as electronic government or e-government. In simple terms, e-government or digital government is an activity carried out by the government by using information technology support in providing services to the community. In line with the spirit of bureaucratic reform in Indonesia, e-government has a role in improving the quality of public services and helping the process of delivering information more effectively to the public. Over time, the application of e-Government has turned out to have mixed results. In developed countries, the application of e-Government systems in the scope of government has produced various benefits ranging from the efficiency of administrative processes and various innovations in the field of public services. But on the contrary in the case of developing countries including Indonesia, the results are more alarming where many government institutions face obstacles and even fail to achieve significant improvements in the quality of public services despite having adequate information and communication technology. The paradigm of bureaucrats who wrongly considers that the success of e-Government is mainly determined by technology. Even though there are many factors outside of technology that are more dominant as causes of failure such as organizational management, ethics and work culture. This study aims to develop a model of success in the application of e-Government from several best practice models in the field of information technology that have been widely used so far using literature studies as research methods. The results of the study show that the conceptual model of the success of the implementation of e-Government developed consists of 17 determinants of success..Keywords: Model, Factor, Success, System, e-Government

To the comparative analysis of the digitalization process of state administration in Russia and other countries

2020 ◽  
pp. 75-117
Author(s):  
A.N. Shvetsov
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Electronic Government ◽  
Digital Government ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Comprehensive Programs

The article compares the processes of dissemination of modern information and communication technologies in government bodies in Russia and abroad. It is stated that Russia began the transition to «electronic government» later than the developed countries, in which this process was launched within the framework of large-scale and comprehensive programs for reforming public administration in the 1980s and 1990s. However, to date, there is an alignment in the pace and content of digitalization tasks. At a new stage in this process, the concept of «electronic government» under the influence of such newest phenomena of the emerging information society as methods of analysis of «big data», «artificial intelligence», «Internet of things», «blockchain» is being transformed into the category of «digital government». Achievements and prospects of public administration digitalization are considered on the example of countries with the highest ratings — Denmark, Australia, Republic of Korea, Great Britain, USA and Russia.

scholarly journals A room with a view: a special issue with a special perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Simone Borghesi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Climate Policy ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Emissions Trading ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Climate Policies

AbstractThe present article describes the main insights deriving from the papers collected in this special issue which jointly provide a ‘room with a view’ on some of the most relevant issues in climate policy such as: the role of uncertainty, the distributional implications of climate change, the drivers and applications of decarbonizing innovation, the role of emissions trading and its interactions with companion policies. While looking at different issues and from different angles, all papers share a similar attention to policy aspects and implications, especially in developing countries. This is particularly important to evaluate whether and to what extent the climate policies adopted thus far in developed countries can be replicated in emerging economies.

Mining wastewater management and its effects on groundwater and ecosystems

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1481-1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Celebi ◽  
S. Özdemir
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Best Management Practices ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Mining Wastewater ◽  
The Developed Countries

Large-scale mining activities have a huge impact on the environment. Determination of the size of the effect and monitoring it is vital. In this study, risk assessment studies in mining areas and the effect of mining on groundwater and ecosystems were investigated. Best management practices and risk assessment steps were determined, especially in areas with huge amounts of mining wastewater. The pollution of groundwater and its reaching humans is a risk of major importance. Our study showed, using many cases with different parameters and countries, that the management of mining wastewater is vital. Environmental impact assessments and monitoring studies must be carried out before operation and at the closure of the mine. Policies must be in place and ready to apply. Factors of climate, geology, ecology and human health must be considered over a long period. Currently, only the developed countries are applying policies and paying attention to the risk. International assessments and health risk assessments should be carried out according to international standards.

scholarly journals BAILE COMO EXPRESIÓN DE FEMINEIDAD Y EROTISMO EN FEDERICO GARCÍA LORCA

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Miriam Yvonn Márquez Barragán
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Female Body ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Moral Conflict ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Federico Garcia Lorca ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Over Time

Resumen: El baile a lo largo del tiempo ha sido visto como una actividad peligrosa para los valores morales y religiosos. El cuerpo de la mujer ha sido visto como un medio para excitar el pecado. La obra dramática de Federico García Lorca logra capturar el conflicto moral y las implicaciones sexuales del baile con personajes femeninos que luchan entre el deseo y sus  instintos. En el presente trabajo, analizo algunos de los valores sociales y morales del baile en el teatro de Lorca. Palabras clave: Federico García Lorca, Danza, trangresión, cuerpo, estigma social. Abstract: Dance over time has been perceived as an activity threatening certain moral and religious values. The female body is the expressive instrument in dancing, as a mean to incite sinful behavior. The dramatic work of Federico García Lorca capture the moral conflict and the sexual implications of the dance with female characters who struggle between desire and their instincts. In the present article, I review some of the negative social and moral values present in dancing, in Lorca’s view.Key words: Federico Garcia-Lorca, dance, transgression, body, social stigma.

scholarly journals La brecha digital de género como vértice de las desigualdades de las mujeres en el contexto de la pandemia por Covid-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 136 (136) ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
Claudia Ivette Pedraza Bucio
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Least Developed Countries ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Santiago De Chile ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Work Impact ◽  
The Impact

 El objetivo de este texto es analizar la brecha digital de g.nero como vértice de las desigualdades estructurales que conforman la vida de las mujeres, en el marco de la pandemia mundial de Covid-19 que ha colocado a las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC) en el centro de la dinámica social. Para esto, en el primer apartado se recupera el concepto de brecha digital como un v.rtice en el cual convergen desigualdades que condicionan el acceso, uso y apropiaci.n de las tecnolog.as de la información y comunicación, pero también como un condicionante de las mismas. A continuación, se presentan las implicaciones del género en el análisis de la brecha digital; y a partir de esto, se revisan los problemas potenciales que supone la brecha digital de género en el contexto de COVID. La intención final es argumentar la necesidad de políticas y programas que atiendan la brecha digital no como un resultado de las desigualdades de género, sino como eje emergente a través del cual se mantienen, refuerzan y renuevan las mismas  Palabras clave Brecha digital, g.nero, Covid-19, TIC, desigualdad.   Bibliografía Alva de la Selva, A. (2015). Los nuevos rostros de la desigualdad en el siglo XXI: la brecha digital. Revista mexicana de ciencias políticas y sociales, 60(223), 265-285. Animal Político (2020), “SEP estima deserción de 10% en educación básica y 8% en superior por la COVID. Consultado el 08/10/2020. Disponible en https://www.animalpolitico.com/2020/08/sep-desercion-educacion-covid/ Badillo, N. S., Esteban, O., y Vall-Llovera, M. (2012). Romper la brecha digital de género. Factores implicados en la opción por una carrera tecnológica. Athenea Digital: revista de pensamiento e investigación social, 12(3), 115-128. Becerril, W (2018). Mujeres que codean: la apropiación tecnológica de estudiantes egresadas de Laboratoria en México. Controversias y concurrencias latinoamericanas,10(16), 67-75. Braidotti, R. (2002). Un ciberfeminismo diferente. Debats, vol. 76, 100-117. Collado, C. (2010). Género y TIC. Presencia, posición y políticas Barcelona: Editorial UOC. Crovi, D. (2008). Dimensión social del acceso, uso y apropiaci.n de las TIC. Contratexto, (016), 65-79. Derechos Digitales (2017). Derechos de las Mujeres en Línea, resultado de la Evaluación. Chile: Derechos Digitales. Godínez, A. L (2016). Brecha digital de género: usos y apropiaciones de las TIC´s en estudiantes adolescentes. Retos y posibilidades (Tesis de maestr.a). México: Facultad de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales-UNAM. IFT (2019 a). Uso de las TIC y actividades por internet en México: impacto de las características sociodemográficas de la población. M.xico: IFT IFT (2019 b). Encuesta de Usuarios de Servicios de Telecomunicaciones, Micro, Pequeñas y Medianas Empresas”. M.xico: IFT INEGI (2018) Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares.Ciudad de M.xico: Instituto Nacional de Estad.stica y Geograf.a.  INEGI (2019 a). Encuesta Nacional sobre Disponibilidad y Uso de Tecnologías de Información en los Hogares.  Ciudad de M.xico: Instituto Nacional de Estad.stica y Geograf.a. INEGI (2019 b ). Encuesta Nacional de Ocupación y Empleo  . Ciudad de M.xico: Instituto Nacional de Estad.stica y Geograf.a. INEGI (2020), Encuesta Telefónica sobre COVID-19 y Mercado Laboral (ECOVIDML). Ciudad de M.xico: Instituto Nacional de Estad.stica y Geograf.a. OCDE (2001). Understanding the digital divide . Paris: Organizaci.n para la Cooperaci.n y el Desarrollo Econ.micos: Paris. OIT (2020) COVID-19 and the world of work: Impact and policy responses  Organizaci.n Internacional del Trabajo, Consultado el 08/10/2020. Disponible en https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/coronavirus/lang--en/index.htm ONU (2020) UN Secretary-General’s policy brief: The impact of COVID-19 on women .ONU . Nueva York: Organizaci.n de las Naciones Unidas. Observatorio Laboral (2019) Carreras mejor pagadas . Secretar.a del Trabajo y Previsi.n Social. Consultado el 08/10/2020. Disponible en https://www.observatoriolaboral.gob.mx/#/ Peres, W., & Hilbert, M (2009). La sociedad de la informaci.n en Am.rica Latina y el Caribe. Desarrollo de las tecnologías y tecnologías para el desarrollo, CEPAL, Santiago de Chile . Selwyn, N. (2004). Reconsidering political and popular understandings of the digitaldivide. New Media and Society , 6(3), 341-362. UIT (2019) ICTs, LDCs and the SDGs: Achieving universal and affordable Internet in the least developed countries. Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones: Ginebra. UNESCO (2020). El cierre de escuelas debido a la COVID-19 en todo el mundo afectará más a las niñas . Consultado el 08/10/2020.Disponible en https://es.unesco.org/news/cierre-escuelas-debido-covid-19-todo-mundoafectaramasninas#:~:text=Plan%20International%20y%20la%20UNESCO,precoz%20y%20matrimonio%20precoz%20y Verges, N. (2012). De la exclusión a la autoinclusión de las mujeres en las TIC.Motivaciones, posibilitadores y mecanismos de autoinclusi.n. Atenea Digial  12,3:129-150. Wajcman, Judy (2006). El Tecnofeminismo. Valencia: C.tedra. Zafra, Remedios (2005). Netianas. N(h)acer mujer en Internet.  Madrid: Lengua de Trapo. Zapata, C. B.; Arra.za, P. M.; Silva, E. F. D.; Soares, E. D. C. (2017). Desaf.os de la Inclusi.n Digital: antecedentes, problem.ticas y medici.n de la Brecha Digital de G.nero. Psicología, Conocimiento y Sociedad , 7 (2), 121-151.    

scholarly journals Explorando el "apartidismo" en México: ¿apartidistas o apolíticos?

2009 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamín Temkin ◽  
Sandra Solano ◽  
José del Tronco
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Political Action ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Educational Levels ◽  
Party Loyalty ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Higher Educational ◽  
Development Levels ◽  
Electoral Competitiveness

RESUMEN: En las últimas décadas, distintos estudios han identificado, especialmente en las democracias avanzadas, un proceso de debilitamiento de la lealtad partidista. Russell Dalton ha explicado este fenómeno a través del incremento de los niveles educativos y de la mayor capacidad de los ciudadanos para obtener información y participar en asuntos públicos de forma independiente a los partidos. Este trabajo analiza la pertinencia del modelo de Dalton para el caso mexicano, donde el proceso de modernización económica y apertura política es mucho más reciente. Los resultados muestran la utilidad del modelo, pero sugieren la necesidad de tomar en cuenta diversos factores políticos, insuficientemente considerados en su marco conceptual. Palabras clave: identificación partidista, comportamiento electoral, México, independientes, movilidad cognitiva. ABSTRACT: In the last two decades, numerous researchers have identified, in highly developed countries, a process that involves the weakening of party loyalty. Russell Dalton proposes that decrease in party adhesion is associated with higher educational levels and the increasing ability of citizens to obtain information and engage in political action independently. This paper analyzes the relevance of Dalton’s model for Mexico, a country with lower development levels and recent electoral competitiveness. Our findings show the relevance of Dalton’s analysis but reveal also the need to take into account political and mobilization factors not sufficiently considered in his conceptual framework.  

scholarly journals DIRECTIONS OF IMPROVEMENT OF BENEFICIAL REGIMES IT INDUSTRY TAXATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 231-238
Author(s):  
Є. М. Найдьон ◽  
В. А. Сандул
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
International Standards ◽  
It Industry ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Tax Regimes ◽  
Tax Benefits ◽  
European Standards ◽  
Problems Of Practice ◽  
Taxation System

The relevance of the article is that tax benefits play a significant role in shaping a sustainable and developed economy because the system of benefits is a kind of guide for legal entities and individuals when choosing their field of activity, forms of income, benefits reduce tax pressure on taxpayers. The task of tax benefits is not only the equality of all in the field of taxation, but also to stimulate enterprises, including enterprises that use IT technologies, a tool to improve the economic situation in Ukraine. This issue becomes especially relevant in the context of the European integration process, when our country is increasingly entering the European economic arena. Accordingly, Ukraine needs to develop an effective tax system for providing benefits and advantages to progressive industries, including IT. The purpose of the article is to identify areas for improvement of the procedure for providing tax benefits to businesses operating in the field of IT, taking into account European standards. In the article the author considers the peculiarities of the purpose of tax benefits for the IT industry. Relevant issues of tax policy development related to the support and development of the IT industry have been identified. The normative legal acts in the field of taxation of the IT industry and the main directions of its improvement in accordance with international standards are studied. The need to create a preferential tax regime for companies operating in the IT industry has been established. It is concluded that the growth of the IT industry requires a stable fiscal policy, which would provide benefits and advantages to new progressive companies, thereby helping to fill the state treasury. However, today Ukraine is only taking the first steps to improve the taxation system of the IT industry, develops and improves legislation in this area, in accordance with the problems of practice, and therefore the issue of creating an effective preferential tax regime for IT industries remains open and needs further study. taking into account the experience of European and other developed countries, the taxation models of which can serve as a basis for the Ukrainian tax system and tax regimes.

scholarly journals La paz en El Tiempo y el tiempo de la paz: Discursos sobre el inicio de los diálogos de paz entre la guerrilla de las FARC-EP y el gobierno nacional en el portal virtual del periódico El Tiempo

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Miguel Angel Parada Bernal
Keyword(s):  
La Paz ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Nuevas Tecnologías

<p>La investigación pretende dar cuenta respecto a la forma en que el portal virtual del periódico <em>El Tiempo</em> informó sobre el inicio de los diálogos de paz que se desarrollan en la actualidad entre la guerrilla de las FARC-EP y el gobierno nacional, a partir del análisis de los discursos que allí se publicaron en el momento de su acontecimiento.</p><p> </p><p>El fundamento teórico y metodológico de la investigación retoma aportes de la Teoría crítica de la comunicación y el Análisis crítico del discurso, donde se interrelacionan categorías como poder, comunicación, medios y discurso, considerando de forma transversal, el análisis a propósito de la prensa en el ámbito de las nuevas tecnologías de la comunicación.</p><p><strong>Palabras clave:</strong> análisis del discurso, diálogos de paz, periódico <em>El Tiempo</em>, tecnologías de la comunicación.</p>

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