scholarly journals Immunomodulating properties of Cinnabsin

2019 ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Oleg Melnikov ◽  
Diana Zabolotnaya ◽  
Tatyana Zajac ◽  
Tatyana Sidorenko ◽  
Alexander Bredun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Cytolytic Activity ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Humoral Factors ◽  
Natural Medicine ◽  
Γ Interferon

Introduction: Complex natural medicines are successfully used in various inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract, but their immunomodulatory activity has not been studied enough, in particular in case of Cinnabsin. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the effect of the medicine on the production of cellular and humoral factors of immunity and inflammation by tonsil cells of the children. Materials and methods: The studies were performed in vitro using 24-hour cultures of children`s pharyngeal tonsil cells after adenotomy. Altogether 90 samples of cultures were examined before and after the influence of the medicine. The effect of complex natural medicine Cinnabsin on the cells production of various cytokine groups (γ-interferon, interleukins 1, 4, 10), expression of surface antigens CD14+, CD16+, and cytolytic activity of natural killer cells were investigated. Methods of enzyme immunoassay, light microscopy and cellular cytolysis with xenogenic targets were used. Statistical processing was carried out with the Student`s non-parametric criterion, and the Fisher`s angle transformation method when processing ratios. Results: Cinnabsin, both in dosage 10 μg/ml and 100μg/ml, increased the number of cells with the expression of the antigen CD16+ and partially CD14+, activated the natural cytotoxic cells of the tonsils, reduced the production of IL-1β and increased the production of IL-10 and γ-interferon in cell culture. Conclusion: According to the sum of the effects and the immunomodulation vectors, it is possible to state the modulating effect of the medicine on the activity of various immunity reactions, which allows concluding the pronounced anti-inflammatory and antiviral effect of Cinnabsin.

scholarly journals Could Chlamydia Pneumoniae Be Considered an Infectious Risk Factor for Inflammatory Diseases Such as Atherosclerosis ?

2005 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-112
Author(s):  
R. Sessa ◽  
M. Di Pietro ◽  
G. Schiavoni ◽  
I. Santino ◽  
M. Del Piano
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Disease ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Infectious Risk ◽  
Tract Infections

Chlamydia pneumoniae, a Gram-negative intracellular obligate bacteria, is recognised as a common cause of upper respiratory tract infections, and accounts for ∼10% of community-acquired pneumonia. In recent years, chronic and persistent infection with C. pneumoniae has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is regarded as a chronic inflammatory disease that results from complex interactions between a variety of cell types such as endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, monocytes/macrophages and inflammatory mediators. Involvement of C. pneumoniae in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has been supported by findings from seroepidemiologic studies, direct detection of chlamydial DNA, experimental animal and in vitro studies, and antibiotic intervention trials. The spectrum of cell biological, animal, and human clinical data suggests that C. pneumoniae may be considered an infectious risk factor for atherosclerosis but further studies are needed to clarify the etiopathogenetic role of C. pneumoniae in atherosclerotic vessel walls.

High-Throughput Screening Platform for the Discovery of New Immunomodulator Molecules from Natural Product Extract Libraries

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Pérez del Palacio ◽  
Caridad Díaz ◽  
Mercedes de la Cruz ◽  
Frederick Annang ◽  
Jesús Martín ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
High Throughput ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

It is widely accepted that central nervous system inflammation and systemic inflammation play a significant role in the progression of chronic neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease, neurotropic viral infections, stroke, paraneoplastic disorders, traumatic brain injury, and multiple sclerosis. Therefore, it seems reasonable to propose that the use of anti-inflammatory drugs might diminish the cumulative effects of inflammation. Indeed, some epidemiological studies suggest that sustained use of anti-inflammatory drugs may prevent or slow down the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. However, the anti-inflammatory drugs and biologics used clinically have the disadvantage of causing side effects and a high cost of treatment. Alternatively, natural products offer great potential for the identification and development of bioactive lead compounds into drugs for treating inflammatory diseases with an improved safety profile. In this work, we present a validated high-throughput screening approach in 96-well plate format for the discovery of new molecules with anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory activity. The in vitro models are based on the quantitation of nitrite levels in RAW264.7 murine macrophages and interleukin-8 in Caco-2 cells. We have used this platform in a pilot project to screen a subset of 5976 noncytotoxic crude microbial extracts from the MEDINA microbial natural product collection. To our knowledge, this is the first report on an high-throughput screening of microbial natural product extracts for the discovery of immunomodulators.

scholarly journals Possibilities of using multidirectional immunomodulators for acute and recurrent infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-95
Author(s):  
S. V. Morozova ◽  
L. V. Selezneva
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Upper Respiratory

In many countries, with the prevention of acute respiratory diseases in children and adults, the use of various types of biologically active substances of natural and synthetic origin, called immunostimulants of various mechanisms of action, has been introduced. The purpose of this article is to provide a useful overview of main roles of available immunostimulants and their potential for use in inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract. The article discusses aspects of the clinical use of immunomodulatory drugs in acute and recurrent infectious and inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract (SARS-CoV-2 included). The mechanisms of action of immunomodulators on the immune system are briefly outlined. On the drug Imunorix the evidence base of mechanisms of correction of the immune system in respiratory diseases of the upper respiratory tract is given, as well as the analysis of the clinical efficacy of drug. The use of immunostimulator to increase the level of immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM, IgG) and subpopulations of T-lymphocytes (CD3 +, CD4 +). Also, the use of the drug has shown its usefulness in the appointment of antibacterial drugs in the treatment of upper respiratory tract infectious diseases. This article also provides an overview of recent clinical studies of drug. Researchers from various countries have tried to better clarify and define the mechanisms of action of immunostimulator both in vitro and in vivo. Of course, the improvement in research methodology over the past 20 years, and the acquired knowledge in various areas of clinical immunology, should become the starting point for further research on the drug. Randomized controlled trials of the trial use of the drug in the prevention of acute respiratory infections.

scholarly journals In VitroEffects of Some Botanicals with Anti-Inflammatory and Antitoxic Activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianandrea Guidetti ◽  
Alessandro Di Cerbo ◽  
Angela Giovazzino ◽  
Valentina Rubino ◽  
Anna Teresa Palatucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Immunomodulatory Activity ◽  
Extrinsic Factors ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Edible Tissues ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Several extrinsic factors, like drugs and chemicals, can foster autoimmunity. Tetracyclines, in particular oxytetracycline (OTC), appear to correlate with the emergence of immune-mediated diseases. Accumulation of OTC, the elective drug for gastrointestinal and respiratory infectious disease treatment in broiler chickens, was reported in chicken edible tissues and could represent a potential risk for pets and humans that could assume this antibiotic as residue in meat or in meat-derived byproducts. We investigated thein vitroanti-inflammatory properties of a pool of thirteen botanicals as a part of a nutraceutical diet, with proven immunomodulatory activity.In addition, we evaluated the effect of such botanicals in contrasting thein vitroproinflammatory toxicity of OTC. Our results showed a significant reduction in interferon- (INF-)γproduction by human and canine lymphocytes in presence of botanicals (p⁎<0.05). Increased INF-γproduction, dependent on 24-hour OTC-incubation of T lymphocytes, was significantly reduced by the coincubation withHaematococcus pluvialis, withGlycine max, and with the mix of all botanicals (p⁎<0.05). In conclusion, the use of these botanicals was shown to be able to contrast OTC-toxicity and could represent a new approach for the development of functional foods useful to enhance the standard pharmacological treatment in infections as well as in preventing or reducing the emergence of inflammatory diseases.

OCCURRENCE OF THE RISKS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF RESPIRATORY DISEASES IN CHILDREN EXPOSED TO THE CHEMICAL FACTORS OF THE EXPOSURE OF ALUMINA REFINERY- ASSOCIATED BUSINESS ACTIVITY

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Zemlianova ◽  
I.V. Tikhonova
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Respiratory Morbidity ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Chemical Factors ◽  
Chronic Lymphoproliferative Diseases

Alumina refineries are among the leading sources of atmospheric air pollution with a wide range of pollutants hazardous to human respiratory organs. It is relevant to study and evaluate the occurrence of the risks for development of respiratory diseases in children living in the area affected by the emission components of an alumina refinery. We assessed air quality of the area under observation and comparison according to monitoring observations, risk of non-carcinogenic effects from the respiratory organs. The content of chemicals in the blood and urine adequate to risk factors was quantified. The structure of individual groups of respiratory diseases was analyzed. The causal relationships of violations of laboratory parameters with an increased content of chemicals in biological media were evaluated. It was found that an aerogenic exposure of chemical pollutants is formed on the territory with the production of metallurgical alumina. It determines the risk for development of respiratory diseases, exceeding an acceptable level up to 49.9 times. In the exposed children, the content of manganese, chromium, nickel, copper, xylenes, formaldehyde and aluminum, fluoride ion in the urine was increased to 4.2 times in relation to the indices in the comparison group. A high level of additional respiratory morbidity(1.8 times) was revealed. Chronic lymphoproliferative diseases of the nasopharynx and inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract (up to 6.6 times more often), inflammatory diseases with a predominance of the mechanism of allergic inflammation ( up to 2.1 times more often)are more often detected in the framework of the respiratory diseases. Negative effects on the part of the respiratory system in the form of activation of antioxidant processes, the development of an inflammatory reaction, local, general and specific sensitization of the respiratory tract were established. It confirms the occurrence of the risks for the development of respiratory diseases in children in the exposure area of the chemical factors of alumina refinery-associated economic activity.

Humoral factors of innate immunity in the saliva of patients with infectious inflammatory respiratory diseases

2018 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Oleg Melnikov ◽  
Diana Zabolotnaya ◽  
Alexander Bredun ◽  
Bogdan Bil ◽  
Oksana Rylska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Innate Immunity ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Chronic Tonsillitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Upper Airways ◽  
Humoral Factors ◽  
Immune Modulators

Introduction: In recently ears factors of innate immunity both cellular and humoral have been paid considerable attention as they are a protective barrier of a fast response and that is why they are largely concentrated at the intersection of the digestive tract and airways. The data concerning the activity level of factors of innate immunity in the upper airways affected by nonspecific inflammatory processes is insufficient and sparse and therefore the purpose of this research was to study the content of humoral factors of innate immunity in the oropharyngeal secretion (ORS) of patients with chronic infectious inflammatory diseases of the upper airways in remission. Materials and Methods: There was an examination of 16 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) of bacterial genesis (15-40 years old), 12 patients with rhinopharyngitis of post-viral genesis (8-16 years old), 12 people with scleroma from 30 tо 52 years of age (atrophic form), 10 patients with chronic tonsillitis in remission (from 10 to 33 years of age) and 11 patients of a control group (practically healthy donors from 12 tо 40 years of age). The content of MIP-1b, defensin-1β, lactoferrin, lysozyme, α-interferon was studied in the nonstimulated OPS. Statistics were carried out using Mann-Whitney U-test. Results: The greatest number of deviations in the decrease in the content of the examined nonspecific protective factors was found in cases of scleroma, chronic tonsillitis and chronic rhinosinusitis (p<0,05). The lack of protective humoral factors of innate immunity can be evidence of local immunodeficiency even in remission, which is a pathophysiological component of the maintenance of chronic inflammation. Conclusion: The decrease int he quantitative composition of factors of innate immunity in the oropharyngeal secretion of patients with chronic infectious inflammatory diseases of the airways is an objective ground not only for a replacement therapy, but also for the use of immune response modifiers from photo-immune modulators to “genuine immune modulators” controlling the state of the factors of both innate immunity and immunoglobulins, primarily of secretory type, the level and functionality of various groups of immunocompetent and accessory cells.

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