The Effects of Cabergoline on Vascular Indices in Overweight and Obese Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity often coexist and are associated with increased cardiovascular complications. Objective: This study aims to determine the effects of cabergoline, a dopamine agonist on fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile, blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness in overweight and obese T2D patients. Methods: Fifty-eight T2D patients were randomized to cabergoline 0.5 mg biweekly or control groups for 12 weeks. BP and arterial stiffness were recorded at baseline before starting study medication and repeated after 12 weeks. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and central augmentation index (AIx) were used to assess arterial stiffness. Other parameters measured were anthropometric measurements, FBG, HbA1c and lipid profile. Changes in these parameters after 12 weeks compared to baseline were calculated for each group, and compared between the two groups. Results: Twenty-eight and twenty-six patients from cabergoline and control groups completed the treatment respectively. After 12 weeks, weight and diastolic BP were increased for both groups while body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were increased in cabergoline group. PWV and AIx were not significantly different either within or between group comparisons. There were no significant differences in mean changes in all parameters between the two groups. Conclusion: Weight and diastolic BP were elevated in both groups while BMI and WC were increased in cabergoline group. Compared to control, cabergoline treatment at 0.5 mg biweekly in overweight and obese T2D patients for 12 weeks did not improve BP and arterial stiffness.

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Effective Reduction of Inflammatory and Coagulation Factors using Sitagliptin in Type 2 Diabetes

10.32592/ircmj.2021.23.3.324 ◽

2021 ◽

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Blood Glucose Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Groups ◽

Oral Agents ◽

Hs Crp ◽

Pioglitazone Group ◽

And Control

Introduction: There are different drug-based treatments (i.e., oral or injective) for patients with type 2 diabetes. Pioglitazone and sitagliptin, among oral agents, can affect blood glucose control and lipid profile. Objectives: The purpose of the current investigation was the assessment of the effects of adding sitagliptin or pioglitazone (as the third drug) to the combined metformin-sulfonylurea treatment on glycemic control, inflammatory factors, and lipid profile. Methods: This clinical trial was carried out on 125 patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing metformin-glibenclamide treatment. The patients were randomly divided into three groups, namely the sitagliptin group receiving 100 mg of sitagliptin for 3 months (n=45), pioglitazone group receiving 30 mg of pioglitazone for 3 months (n=40), and control group (n=40). After the interventions, the anthropometric indices, glycated hemoglobin A1c level, lipid profile, fibrinogen, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were compared among the study groups. Results: The sitagliptin group demonstrated significantly lower levels of hs-CRP (0.53±0.26 mg/L) and fibrinogen (314.08±48.09 mg/dL), compared to those reported for the pioglitazone and control groups. In contrast, significantly lower triglyceride levels (115.02±32.92 mg/dL) and significantly higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (51.57±11.14 mg/dL) were observed in the pioglitazone group in comparison to those reported for the sitagliptin and control groups. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that sitagliptin reduces the levels of fibrinogen and hs-CRP. Nevertheless, pioglitazone has a more significant effect on the improvement of the lipid profile, compared to sitagliptin and combined metformin-sulfonylurea treatments.

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Ayurveda Body–Mind Constitutional Types and Role of Yoga Intervention Among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Population of Chandigarh and Panchkula Regions

Annals of Neurosciences ◽

10.1177/09727531211000040 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 097275312110000

Author(s):

Madhava Sai Sivapuram ◽

Vinod Srivastava ◽

Navneet Kaur ◽

Akshay Anand ◽

Raghuram Nagarathna ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Lipid Profiles ◽

Control Groups ◽

Yoga Intervention ◽

Positive Effects ◽

Study Results ◽

Significant Difference ◽

And Control

Background: Type 2 diabetes needs a better understanding of etiological factors and management strategies based on lifestyle and constitutional factors, given its high association rate with many cardiovascular, neurological disorders, and COVID-19 infection. Purpose: The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of Diabetes-specific integrated Yoga lifestyle Protocol (DYP) on glycemic control and lipid profiles of diabetic adults. Along with the DYP intervention, the individuals residing in Chandigarh and Panchkula union territories in the northern part of India were assessed for Ayurveda-based body–mind constitutional type. Ayurveda describes body–mind constitution as “ prakriti,” which has been discussed from two angles, namely physiological and psychological as body and mind are correlated. Methods: Cluster sampling of waitlist control study subjects was used as the sampling method for the study. A total of 1,215 registered subjects (81 diabetic) responded in randomly selected clusters in Chandigarh and Panchkula. Ayurveda physicians did Ayurveda body–mind constitutional assessment called prakriti assessment (physiological body–mind constitution assessment) in 35 participants (23 diabetic, 12 prediabetic) as a part of the study. Results: A group of 50 subjects was randomly selected for yoga intervention out of 81 diabetes mellitus adults, and 31 subjects were enrolled as waitlist controls. A significant decrease in the glycosylated hemoglobin levels from 8.49 ± 1.94% to 7.97 ± 2.20% in the intervention group was noticed. The lipid profiles of the DYP intervention and control groups were monitored. Three-month follow-up results of lipid profile diagnostic tests in intervention and control groups showed a significant difference between the two groups ( P < 0.05). Most diabetic and prediabetic individuals were found to have pitta dosha ( pitta controls all heat, metabolism, and transformation in the mind and body) as dominant constitution type. Conclusion: The study results demonstrated significant positive effects of yoga in diabetic individuals. This study has indicated the evidence for the safety and efficacy of the validated DYP for community-level interventions to prevent maladies like brain damage and stroke.

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Augmentation index and arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Artery Research ◽

10.1016/j.artres.2013.09.002 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 (3-4) ◽

pp. 194 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Rachel E.D. Climie ◽

Sonja B. Nikolic ◽

Petr Otahal ◽

Laura J. Keith ◽

James E. Sharman

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Augmentation Index

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A study on association of polymorphisms in calpain10 and TCF7l2 genes with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Genetika ◽

10.2298/gensr1501161r ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 161-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maryam Rezazadeh ◽

Nasim Sohrabifar ◽

Hossein Jafari ◽

Ardabili Mohaddes ◽

Jalal Gharesouran

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Allelic Association ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Control Groups ◽

Type2 Diabetes ◽

North Of Iran ◽

Calpain 10 ◽

The Difference ◽

And Control

Polymorphisms of the Calpain10 and TCF7L2 genes were identified as possible type 2 diabetes susceptibility genetic markers. We conducted a case-control study to evaluate the relation between SNP43 of calpain-10 and rs12255372 and rs7903146 in the TCF7L2 with type2 diabetes in western-north of Iran. The role of these variants in Iranian population was less clear. A total of 202 patients and healthy controls were enrolled to analysis the frequency distribution of Calpain10 and TCF7L2 polymorphisms (SNP43, rs12255372 and rs7903146) using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR - RFLP) method. The frequency of allele A in controls was significantly greater than that of diabetic patients (P=0.031), whereas the difference between distribution of SNP43 genotypes (A/A, A/G, G/G) were non- significant in case and control groups. Non significant association was also observed between G/G, A/G or A/A genotypes and type 2 Diabetes. The frequency of the ?T? allele of rs12255372 (G/T) was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes (OR= 0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-1.51; P<0.001). No allelic association was found for rs7903146(C/T) polymorphism. The distribution of alleles in case and control groups are significantly different indicating the G allele is associated with type 2 diabetes. The rs12255372 (G/T) may be associated with type 2 diabetes.

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Metagenomic Analysis of Duodenal Microbiota Reveals a Potential Biomarker of Dysbiosis in the Course of Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: A Pilot Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm9020369 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 369 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Agnieszka Sroka-Oleksiak ◽

Agata Młodzińska ◽

Małgorzata Bulanda ◽

Dominika Salamon ◽

Piotr Major ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Genetic Factors ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Duodenal Mucosa ◽

Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽

Control Groups ◽

Potential Biomarker ◽

And Control ◽

Diabetes And Obesity

Numerous scientific studies confirm that, apart from environmental and genetic factors, a significant role is played by gastrointestinal microbiota in the aetiology of type 2 diabetes and obesity. Currently, scientists mainly focus on the distal intestinal microbiota, while the equally important proximal parts of the intestine are overlooked. The aim of the study was a qualitative analysis of the structure of the duodenal mucosa microbiota in groups of patients with obesity and with type 2 diabetes and where obesity qualified for bariatric surgery: sleeve gastrectomy. The microbiological results obtained were compared with some clinical parameters. As a result, it was possible to determine the microbiological core that the treatment and control groups had in common, including phyla: Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria. The patients with obesity and with type 2 diabetes and obesity presented a significantly lower number of genus Bifidobacterium compared to healthy subjects. Furthermore, the numbers of Bifidobacterium were positively correlated with the high density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration in the groups under study. The obtained results indicate that bacteria of the genus Bifidobacterium should be considered in the future in the context of a potential biomarker in the progress of type 2 diabetes and obesity.

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The Effect of Diabetes-Specific Enteral Nutrition Formula on Cardiometabolic Parameters in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta–Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11081905 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1905 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Omorogieva Ojo ◽

Sharon Marie Weldon ◽

Trevor Thompson ◽

Rachel Crockett ◽

Xiao-Hua Wang

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Sensitivity Analysis ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Enteral Nutrition ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Hdl Cholesterol

Background: The prevalence of diabetes is on the increase in the UK and worldwide, partly due to unhealthy lifestyles, including poor dietary regimes. Patients with diabetes and other co-morbidities such as stroke, which may affect swallowing ability and lead to malnutrition, could benefit from enteral nutrition, including the standard formula (SF) and diabetes-specific formulas (DSF). However, enteral nutrition presents its challenges due to its effect on glycaemic control and lipid profile. Aim: The aim of this review was to evaluate the effectiveness of diabetes-specific enteral nutrition formula versus SF in managing cardiometabolic parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes. Method: This review was conducted in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Three databases (Pubmed, EMBASE, PSYCInfo) and Google scholar were searched for relevant articles from inception to 2 January 2019 based on Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcomes and Study designs (PICOS) framework. Key words, Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms, and Boolean operators (AND/OR) formed part of the search strategy. Articles were evaluated for quality and risks of bias. Results: Fourteen articles were included in the systematic review and five articles were selected for the meta-analysis. Based on the findings of the review and meta-analysis, two distinct areas were evident: the effect of DSF on blood glucose parameters and the effect of DSF on lipid profile. All fourteen studies included in the systematic review showed that DSF was effective in lowering blood glucose parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes compared with SF. The results of the meta-analysis confirmed the findings of the systematic review with respect to the fasting blood glucose, which was significantly lower (p = 0.01) in the DSF group compared to SF, with a mean difference of −1.15 (95% CI −2.07, −0.23) and glycated haemoglobin, which was significantly lower (p = 0.005) in the DSF group compared to the SF group following meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis. However, in relation to the sensitivity analysis for the fasting blood glucose, differences were not significant between the two groups when some of the studies were removed. Based on the systematic review, the outcomes of the studies selected to evaluate the effect of DSF on lipid profile were variable. Following the meta-analysis, no significant differences (p > 0.05) were found between the DSF and SF groups with respect to total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and triglyceride. The level of the HDL cholesterol was significantly higher (p = 0.04) in the DSF group compared to the SF group after the intervention, with a mean difference of 0.09 (95% CI, 0.00, 0.18), although this was not consistent based on the sensitivity analysis. The presence of low glycaemic index (GI) carbohydrate, the lower amount of carbohydrate and the higher protein, the presence of mono-unsaturated fatty acids and the different amounts and types of fibre in the DSF compared with SF may be responsible for the observed differences in cardiometabolic parameters in both groups. Conclusion: The results provide evidence to suggest that DSF is effective in controlling fasting blood glucose and glycated haemoglobin and in increasing HDL cholesterol, but has no significant effect on other lipid parameters. However, our confidence in these findings would be increased by additional data from further studies.

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Interaction of diet and diabetes on cardiovascular function in rats

AJP Heart and Circulatory Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpheart.00421.2008 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 296 (2) ◽

pp. H282-H292 ◽

Cited By ~ 43

Author(s):

Susan A. Marsh ◽

Louis J. Dell′Italia ◽

John C. Chatham

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Augmentation Index ◽

Systolic Dysfunction ◽

Young Male ◽

Wall Stress ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Male Rats ◽

Glucose Levels

Genetic rodent models of type 2 diabetes are routinely utilized in studies of diabetes-related cardiovascular disease; however, these models frequently exhibit abnormalities that are not consistent with diabetic complications. The aim of this study was to develop a model of type 2 diabetes that exhibits evidence of cardiovascular dysfunction commonly seen in patients with diabetes with minimal nondiabetes-related pathologies. Young male rats received either control (Con), high-fat (HF; 60%), or Western (Wes; 40% fat, 45% carbohydrate) diets for 2 wk after which streptozotocin (2 × 35 mg/kg ip 24 h apart) was administered to induce diabetes (Dia). Blood glucose levels were higher in Con + Dia and Wes + Dia groups compared with the HF + Dia group (25 ± 1, 25 ± 2, and 15 ± 1 mmol/l, respectively; P < 0.05) group. Liver, kidney, and pancreatic dysfunction and cardiomyocyte lipid accumulation were found in all diabetic animals. Despite lower heart rates in Con + Dia and HF + Dia groups, arterial and left ventricular pressures were not different between any of the experimental groups. All three diabetic groups had diastolic dysfunction, but only HF + Dia and Wes + Dia groups exhibited elevated diastolic wall stress, arterial stiffness (augmentation index), and systolic dysfunction (velocity of circumferential shortening, systolic wall stress). Surprisingly, we found that left ventricular dysfunction and arterial stiffness were more pronounced in the HF + Dia than the Con + Dia group and was similar to the Wes + Dia group despite significantly lower levels of hyperglycemia compared with either group. In conclusion, the HF + Dia group exhibited a stable, modest level of hyperglycemia, which was associated with cardiac dysfunction comparable with that seen in moderate to advanced stages of human type 2 diabetes.

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Effects of an Herbal Combination on Glycemic Control and Lipid Profile in Diabetic Women: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial

Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1177/2156587217737683 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 798-804 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Reyhaneh Shokoohi ◽

Saeed Kianbakht ◽

Mohammad Faramarzi ◽

Masoud Rahmanian ◽

Farzaneh Nabati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Controlled Clinical Trial ◽

Cholesterol Levels

The present study was conducted to explore the efficacy and safety of a herbal combination in the treatment of women with hyperlipidemic type 2 diabetes. The herbal combination capsule (600 mg) contained Terminalia chebula fruit extract (200 mg), Commiphora mukul (200 mg), and Commiphora myrrha oleo-gum-resin (200 mg), and the placebo capsule contained 600 mg toast powder. The patients in one group took the herbal combination and those in the other group took placebo capsules 3 times a day for 3 months. In the herbal combination–treated patients, the fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were decreased and hidh-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels was increased significantly at the endpoint compared with the placebo and baseline. Other blood parameters such as glycosylated hemoglobin, triglyceride, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, SGOT, and SGPT levels were not significantly changed after 3 months in both groups. In conclusion, the herbal combination improves glycemic control and lipid profile in women with hyperlipidemic type 2 diabetes without any adverse events.

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Effect of alpha-lipoic acid on arterial stiffness parameters in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with cardiac autonomic neuropathy

Endocrine Regulations ◽

10.2478/enr-2021-0024 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 224-233

Author(s):

Victoria A. Serhiyenko ◽

Ludmila M. Serhiyenko ◽

Volodymyr B. Sehin ◽

Alexandr A. Serhiyenko

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Lipoic Acid ◽

Augmentation Index ◽

Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy ◽

Alpha Lipoic Acid ◽

Hypoglycemic Therapy

Abstract Objective. Significantly underdiagnosed, diabetes-associated cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) causes a wide range of cardiac disorders that may cause life-threatening outcomes. This study investigated the effects of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) on arterial stiffness and insulin resistance (IR) parameters in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) patients and definite CAN. Methods. A total of 36 patients with T2D and a definite stage of CAN were recruited. This investigation was carried out on two separate arms: traditional hypoglycemic therapy (n=18, control) and ALA (n=18) 600 mg in film-coated tablets/q.d. in addition to traditional hypoglycemic therapy. The duration of the study was three months. Results. In subjects with T2D and definite stage of СAN, treatment with ALA resulted in a significant decrease of glucose, immunoreactive insulin concentration, and Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA)-IR (HOMA-IR) parameters; pulse wave velocity (PWV), aorta augmentation index (AIxao) during the active period of the day and decrease of PWV, AIxao, and brachial augmentation index during the passive period of the day compared with the results, obtained in the control group. Therefore, the administration of ALA to patients with T2D for three months promotes the improvement of glucose metabolism and arterial stiffness parameters. Conclusions. In patients with T2D and definite stage of СAN treatment with ALA improved HOMA-IR and arterial stiffness parameters. These findings can be of clinical significance for the complex treatment of diabetes-associated CAN.

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South Indian Cuisine with Low Glycemic Index Ingredients Reduces Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17176232 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (17) ◽

pp. 6232

Author(s):

Nivedita Pavithran ◽

Harish Kumar ◽

Arun Somasekharan Menon ◽

Gopala Krishna Pillai ◽

Karimassery Ramaiyer Sundaram ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Glycemic Index ◽

Control Groups ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

South Indian ◽

And Control ◽

Low Glycemic Index

Background: Inflammation is considered as a predictor of cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes mellitus. No previous studies have investigated the effect of low glycemic index (LGI) recipes of South Indian cuisine on the risk factors of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes. Aim: The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the improvement in cardiovascular risk factors and blood glucose control, in patients with type 2 diabetes, after intervention with recipes of Kerala cuisine, from locally available whole grain cereals, low in glycemic index. Method: This was a prospective and randomized controlled study that was conducted over a period of 24 weeks. A total of 80 participants were recruited from the Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes Outpatient in Kerala, South India. All 80 patients had type 2 diabetes, and were aged between 35 and 65 years. Participants were randomly assigned and advised to follow either a LGI diet plan (n = 40) or their usual diet, which served as a control group (n = 40). The advice was reinforced throughout the study period. Anthropometric, biochemical parameters which included glycemic and cardio-metabolic parameters were measured according to standard procedures. T-tests were conducted to compare the differences between intervention and control groups, and the Pearson correlation coefficient was used to evaluate associations between the variables. Results: There were significant differences (p < 0.05) between the intervention and control groups with respect to weight, HbA1c, insulin, triglycerides, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and apolipoprotein B (ApoB). There was also a positive correlation between weight and blood glucose variables. ApoB was positively correlated with lipid profile and insulin levels. Conclusions: The long-term implementation of LGI diet of Kerala cuisine has been found to promote weight loss, enhance insulin sensitivity and reduce the cardiovascular risk.

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