Part III Applications of Semantic Theory to Non-Truth-Conditional Meaning 127

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Truth Conditional

Expressivism and Crossed Disagreements

2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 111-132
Author(s):  
Javier Osorio ◽  
Neftali Villanueva
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Semantic Level ◽  
Semantic Account ◽  
Evaluative Language ◽  
Truth Conditional ◽  
Pragmatic Strategies

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to explore the connection between expressivism and disagreement. More in particular, the aim is to defend that one of the desiderata that can be derived from the study of disagreement, the explanation of ‘crossed disagreements’, can only be accommodated within a semantic theory that respects, at the meta-semantic level, certain expressivistic restrictions. We will compare contemporary dynamic expressivism with three different varieties of contextualist strategies to accommodate the specificities of evaluative language –indexical contextualism – truth-conditional pragmatics –, pragmatic strategies using implicatures, and presuppositional accounts. Our conclusion will be that certain assumptions of expressivism are necessary in order to provide a semantic account of evaluative uses of language that can allow us to detect and prevent crossed disagreements.

The semantics of grammatical categories: a dialectical approach

1985 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl Bache
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
Grammatical Categories ◽  
Narrow Definition ◽  
Truth Conditional ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Lexical Relations ◽  
Shed Light

In this paper I want to present a practical descriptive approach to the semantics of grammatical categories, especially of the binary type involving two forms only. In doing so, I hope to be able to attract the attention of linguists concerned with the structure of a comprehensive semantic theory of human language. Substitutional relations of a grammatical kind (as opposed to syntactic and lexical relations) are too often neglected in textbooks on modern semantics. For example, in Ruth Kempson's otherwise excellent introduction to semantic theory (Kempson, 1977), there is no mention of the semantics of grammatical categories at all. In my view, not only must such Substitutional relations be accommodated within a total theory of semantics – even on a narrow definition of the discipline – but they may provide important insights into the nature of meaning which will affect some of the current suppositions in semantic theory. In particular I shall attempt to shed light on the role of ‘subjectivity’ – a notion which is becoming increasingly difficult to ignore and which challenges the very common restriction among semanticists of the scope of semantics to just a truth-conditional component.

MEDAN MAKNA PERALATAN DAPUR MASYARAKAT ROKAN HULU

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 149
Author(s):  
Elvina Syahrir
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Semantic Field

This research discusses about semantic field of kitchen equipment used in Rokan Hulu region. The data observed consist of noun lexemes of kitchen equipment which is generally used by Rokan Hulu people. The semantic theory is used to analysis the meaning components. Based on the result of the research, it is concluded that the lexemes of kitchen equipment grouped as (1) water stock and carriers, (2) cold steels, (3) stoves, (4) drinking sets, (5) the dishes, and (6) the carriers.AbstrakPenelitian ini mengkaji tentang medan makna pe ralatan rumah tangga yang digunakan oleh di wilayah Rokan Hulu. Data yang diperoleh terdiri dari leksem kata benda peralatan dapur yang digunakan oleh masyarakat Rokan Hulu. Teori semantik digunakan untuk menganalisis komponen makna. Berdasarkan hasil pene litian bahwa leksem peralatan dapur dikelompokkan sebagai (1) tempat air; wadah; bak; tabung, (2) senjata tajam, (3) alat untuk memasak, (4) alat minum, (5) wadah makanan, dan (6) wadah pembawa sesuatu/barang.

Self-referring in Korean, with reference to Korean first-person markers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Kyung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Public Image ◽  
First Person ◽  
Grammatical Category ◽  
Primary Function ◽  
Person Reference ◽  
Lexical Items ◽  
Dictionary Definitions

Lee’s chapter provides a corpus-based analysis of Korean first-person markers by examining the semantic and pragmatic features emerging from their dictionary definitions and their usages in discourse. Specifically, it is demonstrated that the use of the grammatical category of a pronoun does not quite fit the Korean data, because the exceptionally large number of the lexical items are highly specialized in their use. While the first-person markers have the primary function of referring to the speaker, self-referring via first-person markers in Korean is mediated by the speaker’s awareness of his perceived social role or public image, which is expected to conform to honorification norms. The author also argues that the situation with first-person reference in Korean supports the view that the indexical/non-indexical distinction standardly adopted in semantic theory ought to be reconsidered.

The Semantics of Evidentials

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Formal Semantics ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Propositional Content ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Truth Conditional ◽  
The Common ◽  
Issue Content

This book gives a compositional, truth‐conditional, crosslinguistic semantics for evidentials set in a theory of the semantics for sentential mood. Central to this semantics is a proposal about a distinction between what propositional content is at‐issue, roughly primary or proffered, and what content is not‐at‐issue. Evidentials contribute not‐at‐issue content, more specifically what I will call a not‐at‐issue restriction. In addition, evidentials can affect the level of commitment a sentence makes to the main proposition, contributed by sentential mood. Building on recent work in the formal semantics of evidentials and related phenomena, the proposed semantics does not appeal to separate dimensions of illocutionary meaning. Instead, I argue that all sentences make three contributions: at‐issue content, not‐at‐issue content, and an illocutionary relation. At‐issue content is presented, made available for subsequent anaphora, but is not directly added to the common ground. Not‐at‐issue content directly updates the common ground. The illocutionary relation uses the at‐issue content to impose structure on the common ground, which, depending on the clause type (e.g., declarative, interrogative), can trigger further updates. Empirical support for this proposal comes from Cheyenne (Algonquian, primary data from the author’s fieldwork), English, and a wide variety of languages that have been discussed in the literature on evidentials.

Slurs, Assertion, and Predication

2019 ◽  
pp. 286-305
Author(s):  
Christopher Hom
Keyword(s):  
Careful Examination ◽  
Conventional Implicature ◽  
Literal Truth ◽  
Truth Conditional

A multidimensional account of the meanings of slurs holds that a slur has both literal, truth-conditional content (which is neutral) and conventional implicature (which is derogatory). This chapter offers a careful examination of the motivations and commitments for a multidimensional account and argues that the theoretic costs for such a view are prohibitive. One of the primary motivations for a multidimensional account over a purely truth-conditional account is the apparent wide-scoping phenomenon of slurs (e.g., that derogatory content does not seem cancellable under negation). The chapter argues that carefully distinguishing between predication and assertion not only dispels the misconception that the phenomena in question is centrally about scope but also vindicates the purely truth-conditional account as a more general and unified explanation.

scholarly journals Die diskoers tussen Job en Cloete struktureelsemanties beskou

Literator ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Buscop
Keyword(s):  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Semantic View ◽  
Structural Semantics ◽  
Heuristic Guidance

A structural-semantic view of the discourse between Job and Cloete This article examines an aspect of the interaction between linguistics and literature. It is argued that the structural-semantic theory as developed by A.J. Greimas provides a useful approach in guiding the reader towards a realisation of a coherent whole in literary texts. Possibilities for the application and amplification as well as the usefulness in literature are examined, resulting in the identification of isotopies by means of which cohesion can be attained. In structural semantics an isotopy is the backbone of textual analysis – an isotopy being constituted by sememes, compelled by nuclear and textual semes, within the topos alignment of classemes. The Job-texts written by T.T. Cloete in the “transkripsie” and “perifrase” section of Idiolek are used as sample texts. The article attemps to indicate that structural semantics as theory, and especially its amplification as put forward in this article, is able to provide heuristic guidance in tracing the Job/Cloete discourse.

scholarly journals Remarks on Impure Quotation

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 129-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Gómez-Torrente
Keyword(s):  
Singular Term ◽  
Simple Rule ◽  
Exact Nature ◽  
Truth Conditional

Quotation marks are ambiguous, although the conventional rules that govern their different uses are similar in that they contain quantifications over quotable expressions. Pure uses are governed by a simple rule: by enclosing any expression within quotation marks one gets a singular term, the quotation, that stands for the enclosed expression. Impure uses are far less simple. In a series of uses the quotation marks conventionally indicate that (part of) the enclosed expression is a contextually appropriate version of expressions uttered by some relevant agent. When the quotation marks have this meaning, it is tempting to think of them as contributing that indication to the truth-conditional content of the utterance. I adopt a cautious attitude towards this hypothesis, for the evidence in its favor is inconclusive. In other uses the quotation marks conventionally indicate that the enclosed expression should be used not “plainly” but in some broadly speaking “distanced” way, or that it is being so used by the utterer, and typically context makes clear the exact nature of the “distance” at stake. In these cases the quotation marks do not even appear to contribute that indication to the truth-conditional content of the utterance.

A formal approach to the semantic theory of phoneme

Studia Logica ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Batóg
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Theory ◽  
Formal Approach
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