Domestic Tourism in Nepal: Issues and Challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Sandeep Basnyat ◽  
Suryakiran Shrestha ◽  
Bijita Shakya ◽  
Reeja Byanjankar ◽  
Shubhashree Basnyat
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Tourism Research ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Domestic Tourism ◽  
The Government

Compared to international tourism, domestic tourism is less susceptible to external changes and provides a more stable business environment for industry stakeholders. Traditionally, the focus of a majority of tourism research has been international tourism. Existing domestic tourism literature predominantly focuses on the potential of domestic tourism and the measurement of its demands, but greatly ignores the issues and challenges in the domestic tourism industry. This article fills this gap and examines the issues and challenges the domestic tourism industry is facing with a focus on Nepal, a South Asian developing country. The data for this study were collected through semistructured interviews with 20 tourism industry practitioners. The findings of this study demonstrate how uncertainties created by the lack of institutional arrangements and prioritization, and confusion around the appropriate ways and means of managing domestic tourism have contributed to the chaos in the private sector tourism industry in Nepal. Implications for the government and other stakeholders in Nepal and other developing countries have been discussed.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON TOURISM IN GEORGIA-AN OVERVIEW

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nana Kvirkvelia ◽  
Mariam Tsitsagi
Keyword(s):  
Review Article ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
The Public ◽  
National Statistics ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
Domestic Tourism ◽  
Mass Recovery

Coronavirus has posed a great challenge to the whole world, including Georgia. The restrictions have taken a heavy toll on the tourism industry worldwide. It has been clear since the spring of the current year that the mass recovery of international tourism will not be possible by 2020. Consequently, the necessity has led to changes, especially in the direction of domestic tourism. Countries apply different strategies. This review article is based on the results of a mini-survey and data from the National Statistics Office. It is analyzed what impact COVID-19 had on local tourism in Georgia, what is the public mood, which places were visited, where did the epidemic break out after the restrictions were lifted, what are the statistics of international tourists in Georgia, etc. Besides, tourism support measures developed around the world are discussed.

scholarly journals Contribution of Domestic Tourism to Sustainable Tourism Development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Forbes Kabote
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Southern Africa ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Sustainable Tourism Development ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
Domestic Tourism ◽  
Global Tourism ◽  
Qualitative Methodologies

Tourism literature is awash with evidence of the value of domestic tourism to the tourism industry in general. However; there is limited knowledge of how domestic tourism is contributing towards sustainable tourism development especially in developing countries. This study explored the contribution of domestic tourism to sustainable tourism development in Zimbabwe, one developing country in Southern Africa. Using qualitative methodologies, data were collected and thematically analysed. The study revealed that domestic tourism has both positive and negative contributions to sustainable tourism development in unique ways. In conclusion, it was noted that without domestic tourism, Zimbabwe as a tourism destination would be struggling to grow its tourism product offering and expand its market share on the global tourism market.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON TOURISM IN GEORGIA-AN OVERVIEW

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nana Kvirkvelia ◽  
Mariam Tsitsagi
Keyword(s):  
Review Article ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
The Public ◽  
National Statistics ◽  
Support Measures ◽  
The World ◽  
Domestic Tourism ◽  
Mass Recovery

Coronavirus has posed a great challenge to the whole world, including Georgia. The restrictions have taken a heavy toll on the tourism industry worldwide. It has been clear since the spring of the current year that the mass recovery of international tourism will not be possible by 2020. Consequently, the necessity has led to changes, especially in the direction of domestic tourism. Countries apply different strategies. This review article is based on the results of a mini-survey and data from the National Statistics Office. It is analyzed what impact COVID-19 had on local tourism in Georgia, what is the public mood, which places were visited, where did the epidemic break out after the restrictions were lifted, what are the statistics of international tourists in Georgia, etc. Besides, tourism support measures developed around the world are discussed.

scholarly journals A Historic View of the US Business Ethical Laws and Implications for Developing Countries like China

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng-guo Zhu ◽  
Wen-zhong Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Ethical Dilemmas ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Us History ◽  
Ethical Behaviors ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Times ◽  
Institutional Construction

<p>In the nearly 150 years of the US history, following big historical events or business ethical dilemmas, the business ethical laws have evolved gradually, which can be divided into 11 stages in 4 levels. In each stage, the emphases or governance purposes of the business ethical laws differ greatly, but tend to bear the sign of the times. Through the systematic review and analysis, the paper concludes that in a specific era of the history, when facing a specific ethical dilemma, the government or regulatory authority will develop and perfect the related regulations or norms of business ethical behaviors in line with the feature of the period so as to effectively prevent or solve the ethical problems in the business environment. The practice of the US institutional construction may be of some enlightenment for developing countries like China.</p>

New world, new tourism, new destinations

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Ajagunna
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Consumer Choice ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Newly Industrialized Countries

Purpose – This paper aims to examine the position of tourism in tourism dependent countries in light of newly industrialized countries and how trends in the industry impact these developing tourism dependent nations. International tourism, for example, is now a technologically advanced activity in which some developing countries are lagging behind. These developing countries are challenged in adapting to compatible and new technology, financing, staff training and the relevant to the future of the industry. Design/methodology/approach – The study employed a qualitative research methodology using both primary and secondary data drawn from a study conducted on the South Coast of Jamaica with supporting literature from a global perspective. Findings – Moves by major players in the international tourism industry to increase their influence and dominance of global markets may reduce consumer choice thereby creating a shift for tourism from old tourism dependent developing nations to newly industrialized countries of the world. This would mean that the old tourism dependent nations need to devise a new way of diversifying their tourism products to attract elite markets seeking clean and un-spoilt environments and destinations. Originality/value – This paper is part of a PhD work, which has been published in a book. The key issues raised in the paper are still current and the challenges present now need government and policy makers ' attention.

scholarly journals Application of marketing methods and tools for the development of domestic tourism in a pandemic COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-26
Author(s):  
Sergii Illiashenko ◽  
◽  
Yulia Shypulina ◽  
Nataliia Illiashenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Market ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Domestic Tourism ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
Tourism Potential ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Marketing Methods ◽  
The Impact

The aim of the article is development of an approach to the formation on the basis of marketing of the tourist image and brand of the region for the development of domestic tourism in the period and after the pandemic COVID-19 with the prospect of further entry into the international market of tourist services. Analyses. The global pandemic COVID-19 has negatively affected the entire world economy. The tourism sector has suffered greatly from it. More than a hundred countries have imposed restrictions on entry into their territories, which has reduced their revenues from the tourism industry. This has led to significant losses, as the share of tourism in the economy of foreign countries is about 10% (international average). One of the most effective measures to correct the negative trends in the field of tourism is the development of domestic tourism, which should compensate for the losses caused by reducing the flow of foreign tourists. In countries with developed tourism, their share is up to 90%. Ukraine's tourism industry is less dependent on foreign tourists, accounting for about a third of the total. However, domestic tourism can not only provide rapid results that will offset the current losses, but will also prepare for the development of international tourism after the recession of the COVID-19 pandemic. In view of the above, there is a problem of finding ways to develop domestic tourism in Ukraine with the prospect of strengthening the position of the domestic tourism industry in the international market of tourist services. Based on statistics, it is shown that the development of domestic tourism can not only compensate for the curtailment of revenues from international tourism in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, but also prepare for the recovery of the international tourism services market after the recession of the COVID-19 pandemic. The main components of the tourist potential of the regions of Ukraine are specified. The approach to assessing the feasibility of developing certain types of domestic tourism in specific regions of the country has been improved, based on their tourism potential, the state of tourism infrastructure, existing market opportunities and threats, taking into account the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Its practical approbation is executed. The structure of the tourist image of the region has been clarified. The range of communication tools for the formation of the tourist image and brand of the region is outlined. Conclusions and directions for further research.The obtained results form an approach to the development on the basis of marketing the tourist image and brand of the region for the development of domestic tourism during the pandemic COVID-19, and in the future after the end of quarantine restrictions - to enter the international market of tourist services. Further research should be aimed at developing methodological approaches to management by formalized procedures (taking into account factors of incomplete certainty and risk), formation and promotion of the tourist image and brand of the regions of Ukraine in both domestic and international markets

scholarly journals FORECASTING OF THE TOURISM INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT AND THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC CONSEQUENCES: GEOGRAPHICAL AND INTERNATIONAL ORIENTATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Olesia Iastremska ◽  
Oleksandra Kononova
Keyword(s):  
Global Market ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
International Travel ◽  
International Tourism ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Intersectoral Cooperation ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
Domestic Tourism

Restrictions on transportation between countries because of lockdown caused by the prevalence of morbidity COVID-19 have slowed down economic activity worldwide. Therefore, in this paper, we examine and estimate the short-term economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global market situation in terms of the international tourism industry. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current economic situation of the world tourism sector, which suffered the most because of the COVID-19 pandemic, determine the main tourist flows (inbound and outbound tourism), and identify main tourism trends that characterize travel and tourism in 2020, to form practical directions for improving the tourism industry, domestic tourism in particular. This article analyzes the dynamics of international touristic destinations for the period 2019-2020, with regard to the pre-pandemic period and during the COVID-19 lockdown. Also, the dynamics of destinations of international tourists by different regions and the world in general for different types of travel limitations in 2020 are analyzed. It is detected an enhancement in percentage change of tourism destinations from July 2020 because the world began to open up to international tourism, mainly in the European Union. In this article, it is considered that the implementation of travel restrictions is clearly affected international travel. The dynamic of the international tourists’ destinations with a complete/partial closure of borders and other restrictions by region in 2020 during the COVID-19 pandemic are analyzed. The major trends in the tourism sector during the coronavirus crisis are highlighted. The main practical directions for the resuscitation of the tourism industry have been formed, which will have to reduce the negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic and created a basis for increasing the competitiveness of domestic tourism. It is determined that support for the development of the tourism industry at the central and local levels should be based on the expected preferences of tourists and the risk of using illegal resorts with the possibility of infection. The article examines the main problems of the tourism sphere of Ukraine, which arise as a result of the introduction of measures to overcome the coronavirus pandemic in the world and in Ukraine in particular. Using the experience of other countries and international recommendations, measures for intersectoral cooperation in the context of increased epidemic risks are proposed. The article reveals the peculiarities of the development of the tourist sphere of Ukraine in the conditions of increased epidemic risks. Modern tendencies of functioning of the tourist sphere of the country are investigated. The tourism sector is suffering on a global scale due to the implementation of measures to overcome the coronavirus pandemic and the uncertainty of further development of the situation. According to various scenarios, in 2020 the volume of international tourist arrivals is expected to fall by 58-78% compared to last year. According to experts, the recovery of demand to the level of 2019 will take at least two years. According to experts, the sphere of tourist services of the coronavirus crisis period will be characterized by giving consumers priority in terms of choice of shorter rest periods, a predominance of individual movement and individual accommodation, choice of health, sea, and rural tourism.

STUDY FACTORS THAT TRIGGER A LACK OF TRUST IN HOTEL IN BANGKOK: RECOMMEND ACTION THAT CONTRIBUTE TO LONG TERM TRUSTING RELATIONSHIP BY THE DOMESTIC GUEST

2021 ◽  
Vol XIII (1) ◽  
pp. 81-90
Author(s):  
Mayprapawee Varnakomola ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Travel Experience ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Domestic Tourism ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Thailand is hit hard by the impact of the on the COVID 19 situation, to cope with the international boycotts of flights and the lots in revenue from international tourists, the government has shift it attention to domestic tourists. However, the domestic tourism industry is not well prepared for the pandemic situation, lots of people don’t travel as locals fear to be sick and get the disease. So, this study contributes to adding knowledge and understanding of how hotels can best satisfy and meet the needs of domestic tourists in this new COVID 19 pandemic area. The Qualitative research method is used for the collection of data and in-depth and semi-structured interviews were conducted with domestic tourists in Bangkok from November 10, 2020, to November 12, 2020, the interview was focus on domestic tourist personal experiences, opinion and preferences towards different issues related to the pandemic situation and new expectation towards hotel services. Constant Comparison Method is used for analyzing the data collected with ten domestic tourists at Khao San road, Thailand. Results reveal that the domestic tourists visiting Bangkok specific demands travel experience during covers-19 starting which leads to personalize demand to manage by the hotel in order to fulfill the need and provide fruitful experience including indoor activates and recreation events

scholarly journals The Effects of COVID-19 on Future Domestic Travel Intentions in South Africa: A Stakeholder Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 10(1) (10(1)) ◽  
pp. 179-193
Author(s):  
Hilary Kenedy Nji Bama ◽  
Siyabulela Nyikana
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
International Travel ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Travel And Tourism ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Domestic Tourism ◽  
Stakeholder Perspective ◽  
The Government ◽  
Negative Impacts

This study seeks to unpack the implications that the COVID-19 pandemic has placed on the South African domestic tourism market. In particular, the study considers how, given the negative impacts that have been felt with international travel being largely restricted, many destinations who traditionally rely on tourism will approach domestic tourism post the restrictions. Given South Africa’s previous aggressive campaigns which sought to promote domestic tourism in the country, the value of this focus area cannot be overlooked. The need for empirical research that assesses the attitudes of people regarding travel and tourism beyond the pandemic in a country that has been one of the hardest-hit on the African continent is equally important in this respect. Data for the study was sourced from interviews with key informant personnel in the domain of tourism coupled with an online questionnaire survey that was collected from respondents through the Google Forms Application. The key findings from the study reveal that a majority of the respondents were generally satisfied with the management of the pandemic in the country and were willing to wait until all restrictions were lifted before travelling again. Moreover, many of the respondents felt that they would likely travel more domestically in order to assist the tourism industry recover post-COVID-19 and would actively help market the country to friends and relatives in assisting with the recovery marketing initiatives. However, major concerns were raised about the financial possibilities of the domestic tourists as well as the lack of effective communication and cooperation between the private sector and the government regarding tourism’s recovery plan.

scholarly journals FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND ITS COMMITMENT: IMPACT OF COVID-19 IN NEPAL WITH SOUTH ASIAN PERSPECTIVE

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Chaudhary ◽  
Rudra Prasad Ghimire ◽  
Dinesh Mani Ghimire
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Political Transitions ◽  
Red Tape ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) is an essential source of economic development. It has a broad relationship with different dimensions of the mixed economies. Like other development assistance, FDI also needs the best economic environment. This investigation aims to find the impact of Covid -19 on FDI inflow and other barriers to receiving FDI commitment in Nepal. This study is descriptive and analytical. Secondary data are used in the study. Foreign direct investment can be obtained as the government prioritized agriculture, tourism, energy, IT, infrastructure, etc., considering rapid economic Development. The government of Nepal is accepting and implementing foreign investment proposals of donor commitments. However, the Covid -19 pandemic has reduced FDI commitments funds as envisioned. Pandemic is not the only barrier of investment commitment. Still, there are also investment barriers are like, Business environment, poor infrastructure, lack of human resource skills, political transitions, weak governance, natural calamities, diverse and complex geography, tax slab, red tape, and climate change are critical in Nepal. Though the FDI in Nepal till 2019 was an upward trajectory, the 2020 pandemic has reduced it as Nepal's primary economic development source. South Asian environment can create FDI friendly environment in Nepal. Finally, this paper is a new one and full authority for future researchers. Keywords: Covid-19 pandemic, Foreign Direct Investment, Commitment, Business Environment, NepalJEL Classification: F23, I1, M0

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