scholarly journals FOREIGN POLICY ATTITUDES OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY IN THE POSTBIPOLAR WORLD

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (73) (3) ◽  
pp. 87-98
Author(s):  
D. V., Petrosyan
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
World Order ◽  
World Politics ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Policy Attitudes ◽  
History Of

The Contemporary Federal Republic of Germany is the leader of the European Union, on which the development of the European Union and European-transatlantic relations largely depends. The Federal Republic of Germany determines the main content and direction of the EU policy towards the Russian Federation. Russian-German relations have a significant impact on the solution of many world problems. The unification of two states at the end of the 20th century – the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic — became one of the greatest and most significant events in the history of Germany and world politics. The creation of a unified German state contributed to the change of both the economic and political situation of Germany in Europe and in international relations. They are one of the determining factors of global politics and directly related to the European world order, therefore, the study of the philosophy and nature of German foreign policy in the postbipolar world is a topic and important task for specialists. The article considers the internal and external conditions and factors affecting the foreign policy of Germany in the postbipolar world.

The Oxford Handbook of Modern German History

2012 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Literary History ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
German History ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
The European Union ◽  
German Politics ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of

The Oxford Handbook of Modern German History is a multi-author survey of German history that features syntheses of major topics by an international team of scholars. Emphasizing demographic, economic, and political history, this text places German history in a denser transnational context than any other general history of Germany. It underscores the centrality of war to the unfolding of German history, and shows how it dramatically affected the development of German nationalism and the structure of German politics. It also reaches out to scholars and students beyond the field of history with detailed chapters on religious history and on literary history, as well as to contemporary observers, with reflections on Germany and the European Union, and on ‘multi-cultural Germany’. Covering the period from around 1760 to the present, this book represents a synthesis based on current scholarship. It constitutes the starting point for anyone trying to understand the complexities of German history as well as the state of scholarly reflection on Germany's dramatic, often destructive, integration into the community of modern nations. As it brings this story to the present, it also places the current post-unification Federal Republic of Germany into a multifaceted historical context.

scholarly journals Russia in the Context of the Chinese “Belt and Road Initiative” Project

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-45
Author(s):  
Mikhail Nosov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
The European Union ◽  
International Integration ◽  
Eurasian Economic Union ◽  
History Of ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
Economic Union

At present time, there are three main international integration projects actually operating in the Eurasian space ‒ the European Union (EU), the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) and the Chinese “Belt & Road Initiative” (BRI) project. All three differ in the time of their beginning, in economic and political possibilities, in methods of implementation and in its goals. All projects, one way or another, interact with each other in Eurasia with different intensity, potentially open up wide opportunities for them, but also create new problems. For Russia relations with China is one of the most important factors of its foreign policy and the Chinese project is a substantial part of it. The article examines the history of the Chinese project, the reasons for its occurrence, and the problems arising in bilateral and global relations in the context of Russia’s participation in it.

scholarly journals Germany and the European Union After the Epoch of Chancellor Angela Merkel

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 43-55
Author(s):  
V. Vasil'ev
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
World Order ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Angela Merkel ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Eu

The article is devoted to the analysis of the political legacy of German Chancellor Angela Merkel and in what way the new German government might possibly use it dealing with the transformation of the country and modernization of the European Union. The new political coalition with possible participation of the Green Party will preserve the continuity of the German foreign policy course for strengthening the European Union, deepening the transatlantic partnership, for active cooperation between Berlin and Paris, as well as for inclusion of Belarus, Moldova and Ukraine into the Euro-Atlantic area. The European sovereignty is the main focal point in Berlin. The Conference on the Future of Europe examines it, as well as other evolution issues. The updated legal framework of the EU, feasible strengthening of the European Parliament positions could help transform the European Union into a weighty actor in the polycentric world. Only powerful, relatively sovereign EU is able to secure the “European way of life”. Judgments about the disintegration of the European Union are far from reality. The EU margin of safety and resistance are quite impressive, primarily due to the economic potential of Germany. However, it is really difficult to predict how the European Union will get out of the crisis caused by Covid 19. American concessions to the Germans on the Nord Stream 2 project mean Biden’s serious attitude towards Merkel and Germany – the leader in the EU and one of the important NATO allies. The conditions for Russia’s return to the “European club”, for example, through the revival of M. Gorbachev’s new political thinking in Moscow, indicate rather an illusory desire. There is another, more pragmatic approach. The single European cultural and historical matrix of Greater Europe, communication between the leaders of the Russian Federation, Germany, France and the USA, the economic foundation of contacts, as well as mutual sympathies between Russians, Germans, Europeans give reason to hope for a turn for the better. The chances of a unification agenda remain. Perhaps, it will be used by future generations of politicians, experts of the Russian Federation and the Federal Republic of Germany without preconditions, on the basis of reasonable compromises. Acknowledgements. The article was prepared within the project “Post-Crisis World Order: Challenges and Technologies, Competition and Cooperation” supported by the grant from Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation program for research projects in priority areas of scientific and technological development (Agreement 075-15-2020-783).

Political Leadership under Conditions of «Chancellor Democracy»

2011 ◽  
pp. 25-38
Author(s):  
N. Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Turning Points ◽  
Political Leadership ◽  
German History ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
Political Actor ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Government

In terms of Germany's foreign policy the concept of “chancellor democracy” begins to lose its validity. Nonetheless, the head of the government remains, as before, the leading political actor. In accordance with their own styles and characters each of the chancellors left their mark in the history of the Federal Republic of Germany. Many German political scientists and historians are right to understand the “chancellor democracy” as historical concentration of power in the Federal chancellery to the detriment of ministerial principle. Indeed, in all turning points of German history the most important decisions had been taken by the Federal chancellery and by the Chancellor alone.

DESTABILIZING EUROPE: RUSSIA’S HYBRID WARFARE

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-29
Author(s):  
Borys Parakhonsky ◽  
Galina Yavorska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Security ◽  
The European Union ◽  
European Security ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Security Environment ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu

The European Union is in a political and security crisis. The crisis tends to become existential, which undermines the future of the EU as an integration project. The conflict of values between liberal democracy and authoritarianism is becoming an important factor in international security. Negative current trends in the international security environment increase risks for the EU. In its foreign policy the EU does not demonstrate the ability to speak with one voice. It does not support EU’s ambition to be a global international actor. Within the EU, centrifugal tendencies and Euroscepticism appear to be gaining ground. Among the destructive external and internal factors affecting European security, the hybrid threat posed by Moscow’s ambitious plans and aggressive actions is at the forefront. These actions are aimed at undermining democracies, international solidarity and security. Russia is systematically acting to destabilize the EU, using a set of means of destructive influence, trying to undermine European unity both externally and internally. Russia’s aggression against Ukraine, operations in Syria and Libya, interference in domestic processes in the EU, etc., are exacerbating destructive trends in the European security environment. In this con- text, the EU faces the need to increase its resilience, as a tool to deter destructive actions of the Russian Federation and a means to mitigate their effect. The purpose of the article is to analyze the causes and consequences of Russia’s  hybrid influence against the EU, plus to identify the means of Russia’s destructive impact, such as the spread of misinformation, active special operations, energy pressure, etc. The article examines the imperatives of Russian foreign policy, the impact of the value crisis on the European project and its future, as well as obstacles to strategic dialogue between the EU and Russia. Europe returns to searching for its collective European identity, discussing revitalization of the global European narrative. Maintaining a system of liberal democratic values is a key precondition for the future of the EU in order to avoid the risk of disintegration of the European Union. Sovereignty and territorial integrity of Ukraine, its national security could be guaranteed only by full-fledged integration into the European political, economic and security space. Europe’s hesitations regarding the European perspective for Ukraine, which arise under pressure from the Kremlin and internal contradictions in the EU, negatively affect the security environment  in Europe.

«Union 90/greens»: History, Condition, Prospects

2011 ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
N. Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Come

The article describes the evolution of the German party Alliance 90/Greens, analyses its internal and foreign policy of the installation in relation to specific events in the history of the Federal Republic of Germany. A detailed sociological portrait of the party and its electorate is provided. The author attempts to answer the question of whether “Greens” are capable to come back into the federal power, and if so, in alliance with whom.

scholarly journals Carl Schmitt’s friend-enemy distinction today

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-317
Author(s):  
Reinhard Mehring
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
European Union ◽  
Federal Republic ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Carl Schmitt ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Eu

After 1945, Carl Schmitt largely revoked his nationalist positions from before the war, although he also rarely publicly voiced his opinion about the Federal Republic of Germany and the development of the European Union. However, his complex system of categories offers manifold possibilities for an independent update. This paper aims to sketch the development of Schmitt?s friend-enemy theory in his Theory of the Partisan, adapting this treatise to present issues. It further tries to, using Schmitt?s categories, address the current situation in the EU from the perspective of the Federal Republic of Germany.

Czechs and Germans Sign Declaration of Reconciliation

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-85
Keyword(s):  
Federal Republic ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Federal Republic Of Germany ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Atlantic

The Governments of the Federal Republic of Germany and the Czech Republic Recalling the Treaty of 27 February 1992 on Good-neighborliness and Friendly Cooperation between the Federal Republic of Germany and the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic with which Germans and Czechs reached out to each other, Mindful of the long history of fruitful and peaceful, good-neighborly relations between Germans and Czechs during which a rich and continuing cultural heritage was created, Convinced that injustice inflicted in the past cannot be undone but at best alleviated, and that in doing so no new injustice must arise, Aware that the Federal Republic of Germany strongly supports the Czech Republic's accession to the European Union and the North Atlantic Alliance because it is convinced that this is in their common interest.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document