ELISA Evaluation of RANKL Levels in Gingival Fluid in Patients with Periodontitis and Occlusal Trauma

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1578-1580
Author(s):  
Cosmin Gabriel Popa ◽  
Ionut Luchian ◽  
Nicoleta Ioanid ◽  
Ancuta Goriuc ◽  
Ioana Martu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Gingival Fluid ◽  
Severe Tissue

The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences in RANKL levels in crevicular fluid (GCF) in patients with chronic periodontitis, with or without chronic occlusal trauma. The study group consisted of 40 patients from whom 72 samples of crevicular fluid were collected. RANKL levels were analyzed by ELISA. We noticed significantly higher differences in RANKL levels for the study group (occlusive trauma patients) than for systemic healthy patients (p = 8.008). Research has shown that secondary occlusal trauma associated with periodontal disease is characterized by significantly higher RANKL levels in patients with chronic occlusal trauma. This partially clarifies the molecular mechanisms that underlie more severe tissue destruction in patients with occlusal trauma.

scholarly journals Effect of Alox-15 Polymorphism on GCF Levels of Lipoxin-A4 in Chronic Periodontitis: A Preliminary Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouzia Tarannum ◽  
Mohamed Faizuddin
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Lipoxin A4 ◽  
Disease Pathogenesis ◽  
Clinical Attachment Loss ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

Lipoxins play an important role in periodontal resolution, hence, investigation of genetic polymorphism of lipoxin gene may provide important information on the role of lipoxins in periodontal disease pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate a polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at position c.-292 in ALOX15 (reticulocyte-type 15 lipoxygenase 1) gene in patients with chronic periodontitis and to associate the polymorphism with gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) lipoxin A4 (LXA4) levels. Forty-five chronic periodontitis and 45 periodontally healthy patients were included in this case-control study. Plaque index, calculus index, sulcus bleeding index, full mouth probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded. GCF and blood samples were collected. GCF was analyzed for LXA4 levels by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay. Genotyping of ALOX15 polymorphism was studied using PCR. Mean LXA4 was lower in periodontitis group compared to the periodontally healthy group. There was a negative correlation between CAL and LXA4. The CC genotype was higher in the study group than in the control group. In the study group, mean CAL was significantly lower among individuals with the CT genotype. Mean LXA4 was significantly lower in CC genotype (45.0±7.11 ng/mL) compared to CT genotype (50.81±5.81 ng/mL) among the patients with periodontitis. The results suggest that LXA4 and c.-292T allele are associated with periodontal health. Polymorphisms in the ALOX15 gene may influence periodontal disease pathogenesis. Hence, investigation of such polymorphisms could benefit the evaluation of lipoxins role in periodontal disease.

scholarly journals Correlation of Levels of Interleukin-1β in Gingival Crevicular Fluid to the Clinical Parameters of Chronic Periodontitis

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
AU Chaudhari ◽  
GN Byakod ◽  
PF Waghmare ◽  
VM Karhadkar
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Interleukin 1Β ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Tooth Mobility ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

ABSTRACT Aim Background and objectives: IL-1β is a potent stimulator of bone resorption and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of periodontal destruction. Therefore, this study was designed to compare the levels of IL-1β of chronic periodontitis patients with the healthy subjects. Another objective of this study was to correlate IL-1β levels with the clinical parameters of the periodontal disease progression. Methods For this study, total 60 subjects were chosen (30- healthy and 30-chronic periodontitis). Simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S), gingival index (GI), periodontal disease index (PDI), probing depth (PD), tooth mobility, bleeding on probing (BOP) were recorded for all the subject. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected and subjected for ELISA for estimation of IL-1β Results At the periodontal diseased sites, the IL-1β levels increased at least 2-fold as compared with healthy subjects. This increase was highly significant (p = 0.0000). Within the test group, IL-1β levels correlated positively and significantly with PDI, PD, BOP and tooth mobility. The correlations of IL-1β with PD (p = 0.000) and IL-1β with BOP (p = 0.0004) were highly significant. Interpretation and conclusion These data suggest that amount of GCF IL-1β is closely associated with periodontal status. This relationship may be valuable in monitoring periodontal disease activity. Clinical significance It could be stated from this study on IL- 1β that there seem to be a strong correlation between periodontal tissue destruction and IL-1β. Furthermore IL-1β level could also differentiate between active and inactive periodontal lesions. How to cite this article Chaudhari AU, Byakod GN, Waghmare PF, Karhadkar VM. Correlation of Levels of Interleukin-1β in Gingival Crevicular Fluid to the Clinical Parameters of Chronic Periodontitis. J Contemp Dent Pract 2011;12(1):52-59.

Salivary Diagnosis - Clinical Uses in Assessing Oral Inflammation

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1201-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iulia Ioana Stanescu ◽  
Alexandra Totan ◽  
Florentina Rus ◽  
Daniela Miricescu ◽  
Brandusa Mocanu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Oral Inflammation ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

The past decades demonstrated that saliva and its components represent a remarkable diagnosis fluid with valuable clinical uses for both oral and systemic diseases. At the same time it is well established that oxidative stress is involved in a wide number of pathologies, including periodontitis. The specific aim of the present study which included 50 subjects is to determine if saliva can be used in clinical settings to correlate oxidative stress and tissue destruction markers with the severity of periodontal disease. An important oxidative stress marker - 8-hydroxydesoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and a collagen degradation marker - beta-crosslaps (b-CTX) were quantified in both saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) using ELISA kits and were found to be significantly increased in the chronic periodontitis group when compared to respective controls (p[0.05). At the same time positive correlations were observed between whole saliva and gingival crevicular fluid (p[0.05). Significant correlations were also determined between GCF and salivary markers and clinical parameters of periodontal disease. Present results demonstrate that saliva and its components can successfully be used in clinical settings and represents a reliable tool for assessing periodontal disease severity.

scholarly journals Molecular Mechanisms of Periodontal Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 930
Author(s):  
Mikihito Kajiya ◽  
Hidemi Kurihara
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Inflammatory Tissue

Periodontal disease, one of the most prevalent human infectious diseases, is characterized by chronic inflammatory tissue destruction of the alveolar bone and the connective tissues supporting the tooth [...]

scholarly journals Host Mediators in Gingival Crevicular Fluid: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Periodontal Disease

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira B. Lamster ◽  
M. John Novak
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Metabolite ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Metabolites ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

During the past few years, a considerable number of studies have examined different aspects of the host response in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), including the relationship of specific markers to the active phases of periodontal disease. Various indicators of the acute inflammatory response (the lysosomal enzymes P-glucuronidase and collagenase, the cytoplasmic enzyme aspartate aminotransferase, and the arachidonic acid metabolite PGE2) have been shown to be associated with clinical attachment loss in chronic adult periodontitis in man and experimental periodontitis in animal models. In contrast, the relationship of indicators of the humoral immune response in GCF to active periodontal disease is equivocal. Furthermore, a number of indicators of the cellular immune response have been identified recently in GCF (i.e., Interleukin-la, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-a), but their relationship to active phases of periodontal disease have not been studied. The polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) is the cellular hallmark of acute inflammation. Evidence from the GCF studies suggests that hyperreactivity of these cells plays a critical role in the active phases of some forms of periodontal disease. Metabolic activation of PMN can be associated with a number of potentially destructive reactions. The major effector mechanism for tissue destruction that can be specifically identified with the PMN is the synergistic effect of the release of PMN proteases and the generation of reactive oxygen metabolites by these cells. Priming of the PMN, where the PMN response is enhanced by agents that do not initiate the response, may be an important mechanism for PMN activation in the crevicular environment; for example, cytokines such as IL-1β and TNF-a, and lipopolysaccharides released from subgingival Gram-negative bacteria, can serve this function. The hypothesis proposed here argues that in addition to the severe forms of periodontal disease that have been associated with qualitative or quantitative PMN defects, tissue destruction in the periodontum can be observed with hyperreactivity of these cells. These differing conclusions do not create a dilemma, but may represent opposite ends of a balance that is no longer in equilibrium.

scholarly journals Effect of Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy on Crevicular Fluid and Serum Glutathione Peroxidase Levels

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Pradeep Patel ◽  
Nishanth S. Rao ◽  
A. R. Pradeep
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Therapy ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Nonsurgical Periodontal Therapy ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

Background: Plasma glutathione peroxidase (eGPx) is an important selenium containing antioxidant in human defense against oxidative stress. While crevicular fluid (GCF) eGPx levels and its association with periodontal disease is well documented, there is no data on correlation of GCF and serum eGPx levels in chronic periodontitis. Hence this study was undertaken to further probe into the role of oxidative stress in periodontal diseases and effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) by correlating GCF and serum levels of eGPx.Materials and methods: Thirty subjects (16-Males and 14-Females; age: 30–38 years) participated in the study. The subjects were divided, based on gingival index, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level into: Healthy (group-1,n=10), Gingivitis (group-2,n=10) and Periodontitis (group-3,n=10). Chronic periodontitis patients after NSPT constituted group 4. GCF and serum samples collected from each subject were quantified for eGPx levels using Enzyme linked Immunosorbent Assay.Results: The mean eGPx concentrations increased from health (14.01 ng/μl and 78.26 ng/ml) to gingivitis (22.86 ng/μl and 90.44 ng/ml) and then to periodontitis (29.89 ng/μl and 103.43 ng/ml), in GCF and serum respectively. After NSPT, there was statistically significant reduction in eGPx concentration in GCF and serum (19.41 ng/μl and 85.21 ng/ml). Further, all the GCF eGPx values showed a positive correlation to that of serum eGPx level.Conclusion: Thus, increased eGPx concentration in GCF can be considered as an indicator of local increase in oxidative stress. While, increase in serum eGPx levels indicates that periodontal disease can also lead to increased oxidative stress at the systemic level.

scholarly journals Expression of MicroRNAs in Periodontal Disease: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
María Verónica Cuevas-González ◽  
Fernando Suaste-Olmos ◽  
Alma Graciela García-Calderón ◽  
Karla Lizette Tovar-Carrillo ◽  
León Francisco Espinosa-Cristóbal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Gingival Tissue ◽  
Main Technique ◽  
Size Type ◽  
Gingival Fluid

Introduction. Periodontal disease (PD) is a chronic inflammation of the soft tissues that support the structure of the tooth, and miRNAs are highly dynamic molecules that participate in the regulation of gene expression interfering with multiple genetic targets. The dysregulation of the expression of miRNAs has been associated with different types of pathologies; therefore, they are excellent molecules to be studied as biomarkers. Material and Methods. A search was made in the electronic databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct. The following key words were used: “microRNAs,” “miRNAs,” “periodontal disease,” “periodontitis,” and “biomarker”; employee independent search strategies with the Boolean operators “OR” and “AND”; a further search of the references of the selected studies was performed to detect potential studies that met the selection criteria. The data recollected from each article were author, country, year of publication, sample size, type of sample used to identify miRNAs, methodology used to identify miRNAs, type of periodontal disease, and miRNAs identified. Results. Of the 13 selected studies, 6 used gingival tissue as a sample for the identification of miRNAs, 3 used gingival fluid, 2 used saliva, 1 used serum, and another used periodontal tissue. Chronic periodontitis was the most studied periodontal disease in 9 of the 13 selected articles; 7 used microarrays as the main technique for the identification of miRNAs. qRT-PCR was the assay choice to validate the identified miRNAs. Conclusion. The main type of periodontal disease on which most studies are focused is chronic periodontitis, with the main miRNAs being hsa-miR-146a, hsa-miR-146b, hsa-miR-155, and hsa-miR-200. This systematic review is one of the first to carry out an analysis of the current role of miRNAs in PD as biomarkers.

Glycemic Control and Interleukin-1beta in Periodontal Patients with Type 1 and 2 Diabetes in a Group of Subjects in South-West Romania

2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 3002-3005
Author(s):  
Dora Popescu ◽  
Dorin Gheorghe ◽  
Virgil Boldeanu ◽  
Ana Maria Rica
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
South West ◽  
Important Mediator ◽  
Interleukin 1Beta ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

Interleukin-1b is an important mediator of the inflammatory response and is involved in the pathophysiology of periodontitis. The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of periodontal disease and glycemic control on biomarker levels in crevicular fluid. Patients with aggressive periodontitis were characterized by a higher ratio of IL-1b compared to patients with chronic periodontitis.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of non-surgical treatment to reduce il-18 levels in the gingival crevicular fluid of patients with periodontal disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 428-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Oliveira de Campos ◽  
Ricardo Guimarães Fischer ◽  
Anders Gustafsson ◽  
Carlos Marcelo da Silva Figueredo
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Gingival Index ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Probing Pocket Depth ◽  
Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Attachment Level ◽  
Gingival Fluid ◽  
Non Surgical Treatment

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the non-surgical periodontal treatment in reducing the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of IL-18 from inflamed periodontal sites. Fourteen patients with periodontal disease were included, being 9 patients with chronic periodontitis (mean age: 48.8 SD ± 7.4 years) and 5 patients with gingivitis (mean age: 43.6 SD ± 11.8). The patients were divided in the following groups: gingivitis sites from periodontitis patients (sites GP), periodontitis sites from periodontitis patients (sites PP), and gingivitis sites from gingivitis patients (sites GG). Probing pocket depth (PPD), probing attachment level (AL), plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) were recorded, and gingival fluid samples were collected. The subjects received non-surgical treatment and were re-evaluated 30 days after treatment (day 30 AT). There was a significant reduction in PI in GG (1.0 ± 0.4 to 0.5 ± 0.2), GP (1.2 ± 0.3 to 0.5 ± 0.3), and in PP (1.3 ± 0.4 to 0.7 ± 0.3) 30 AT. There was also a significant reduction in the GI in GG (1.3 ± 0.3 to 0.7 ± 0.4). PPD reduced significantly in GG (2.4 ± 0.6 to 1.9 ± 0.1), and PP (6.7 ± 1.1 to 5.2 ± 0.9) 30 AT. When all the samples were analyzed together, there was a significant reduction in IL-18 (12.9 ± 7.2 to 10.0 ± 3.1). This study showed that non-surgical treatment was effective in reducing GCF levels of IL-18 from inflamed periodontal sites.

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