scholarly journals Effect of Alox-15 Polymorphism on GCF Levels of Lipoxin-A4 in Chronic Periodontitis: A Preliminary Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fouzia Tarannum ◽  
Mohamed Faizuddin
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Lipoxin A4 ◽  
Disease Pathogenesis ◽  
Clinical Attachment Loss ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

Lipoxins play an important role in periodontal resolution, hence, investigation of genetic polymorphism of lipoxin gene may provide important information on the role of lipoxins in periodontal disease pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate a polymorphism of C-to-T substitution at position c.-292 in ALOX15 (reticulocyte-type 15 lipoxygenase 1) gene in patients with chronic periodontitis and to associate the polymorphism with gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) lipoxin A4 (LXA4) levels. Forty-five chronic periodontitis and 45 periodontally healthy patients were included in this case-control study. Plaque index, calculus index, sulcus bleeding index, full mouth probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded. GCF and blood samples were collected. GCF was analyzed for LXA4 levels by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay. Genotyping of ALOX15 polymorphism was studied using PCR. Mean LXA4 was lower in periodontitis group compared to the periodontally healthy group. There was a negative correlation between CAL and LXA4. The CC genotype was higher in the study group than in the control group. In the study group, mean CAL was significantly lower among individuals with the CT genotype. Mean LXA4 was significantly lower in CC genotype (45.0±7.11 ng/mL) compared to CT genotype (50.81±5.81 ng/mL) among the patients with periodontitis. The results suggest that LXA4 and c.-292T allele are associated with periodontal health. Polymorphisms in the ALOX15 gene may influence periodontal disease pathogenesis. Hence, investigation of such polymorphisms could benefit the evaluation of lipoxins role in periodontal disease.

scholarly journals Arginine and glutamate levels in the gingival crevicular fluid from patients with chronic periodontitis

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narda Téllez ◽  
Natalia Aguilera ◽  
Belkis Quiñónez ◽  
Elizabeth Silva ◽  
Luis Enrique González ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Clinical Attachment Loss ◽  
Measure Concentration ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Glutamate Concentration ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Post Hoc

The objectives of this study were to determine arginine and glutamate levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of adult chronic periodontitis patients versus periodontally healthy controls, and to compare two kinds of microdialysis probes: normal and U-shaped probes. The analysis of GCF components was developed to improve the diagnosis of periodontal disease (PD). Proteolysis in the periodontal tissues increases the concentration of amino acids (aa) in the GCF and the levels of these aa may reveal PD features and stages. GCF samples were collected by microdialysis in situ from 5 periodontally affected sites (probing depth >5 mm, clinical attachment loss >3 mm) in 14 adult chronic periodontitis patients and from 14 adult periodontally healthy controls. Capillary zone electrophoresis coupled to laser induced fluorescence detection was used to measure concentration of arginine and glutamate in the GCF. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc tests (?=0.05). Arginine concentration was increased (p<0.001) and glutamate concentration was decreased (p<0.001) in chronic periodontitis patients as compared to controls. There were no significant differences (p=0.069) between the normal and U-shaped probes. In conclusion, the increase of arginine and decrease of glutamate concentration in GCF were associated to the presence of periodontitis, and might be used as markers to recognize periodontally susceptible subjects as well as to evaluate the treatment course.

scholarly journals Nutritional intervention in patients with periodontal disease: clinical, immunological and microbiological variables during 12 months

2008 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 879-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Axel Jenzsch ◽  
Sigrun Eick ◽  
Fausi Rassoul ◽  
Regina Purschwitz ◽  
Holger Jentsch
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Gingival Index ◽  
Granulocyte Elastase ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

The role of nutrition in onset, progression and treatment of periodontitis has not been thoroughly evaluated. In the present prospective clinical study, we investigated the influence of a nutritional intervention on changes in clinical, microbiological and immunological periodontal variables during a period of 12 months in patients with the metabolic syndrome and chronic periodontitis. Twenty female subjects with the metabolic syndrome and mild to moderate chronic periodontitis participated in a guided nutritional intervention programme. Examinations were assessed before, and at 2 weeks, 3, 6 and 12 months after intervention. Clinical measurements included probing depth, Löe and Silness gingival index and Quigley–Hein plaque index. In gingival crevicular fluid, periodontopathogens, levels of IL-1β and IL-6 as well as the activity of granulocyte elastase were determined. In stimulated saliva, antioxidative and oxidative variables were measured. After 12 months the following significant changes could be observed: reduction of clinical probing depth (2·40 v. 2·20 mm; P < 0·001), reduction of gingival inflammation (gingival index 1·13 v. 0·9; P < 0·001), reduced concentrations of IL-1β (4·63 v. 1·10 pg/ml per site; P < 0·001) as well as IL-6 (1·85 v. 0·34 pg/ml per site; P = 0·022) in gingival crevicular fluid. Bacterial counts in gingival crevicular fluid as well as oxidative and antioxidative variables in saliva showed no significant changes. Only salivary catalase showed a tendency to lower values. These findings indicate that in patients with the metabolic syndrome wholesome nutrition might reduce inflammatory variables of periodontal disease and promote periodontal health.

scholarly journals Are Proteinase 3 and Cathepsin C Enzymes Related to Pathogenesis of Periodontitis?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oya Türkoğlu ◽  
Elif Azarsız ◽  
Gülnur Emingil ◽  
Necil Kütükçüler ◽  
Gül Atilla
Keyword(s):  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Aggressive Periodontitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Proteinase 3 ◽  
Cathepsin C ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

Aim. Cathepsin C is the activator of the polymorphonuclear leukocyte-derived proteinase 3, which contributes to inflammatory processes. The aim of the present study was to investigate gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) proteinase 3 and cathepsin C levels in periodontal diseases.Design. Eighteen patients with chronic periodontitis (CP), 20 patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (G-AgP), 20 patients with gingivitis, and 18 healthy subjects were included in the study. Periodontal parameters including probing depth, clinical attachment level, papilla bleeding index, and plaque index were assessed in all study subjects. GCF proteinase 3 and cathepsin C levels were analyzed by ELISA.Results. GCF proteinase 3 total amount was significantly higher in diseased groups compared to control group, after adjusting ageP<0.05. No differences were found in GCF cathepsin C levels among the study groupsP>0.05. Periodontal parameters of sampling sites were positively correlated with GCF proteinase 3 total amountsP<0.01but not with cathepsin C total amountsP>0.05.Conclusions. Elevated levels of GCF proteinase 3 in CP, G-AgP, and gingivitis might suggest that proteinase 3 plays a role during inflammatory periodontal events in host response. However, cathepsin C in GCF does not seem to have an effect on the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases.

scholarly journals The Effects of Salvia officinalis Gel as an Adjunct to Scaling and Root Planning in Patients with Periodontitis (Clinical and Immunological Study)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 232-237
Author(s):  
Ismael W. Aljuboori ◽  
Maha Sh. Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Transforming Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Transforming Growth Factor ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Growth Factor Beta ◽  
Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Root Planning ◽  
Scaling And Root Planning

Background: Phytotherapy is the usage of herbal species with medicinal properties for the management of various diseases. Gingivitis and periodontitis are diseases that involve the role of both the bacteria and the host immune response. Over the years, various researches have shown the importance of herbal products in the management of periodontal diseases. Aims of the study: To evaluate the efficacy of locally applied Salvia officinalis gel as adjunctive in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Subjects and methods: Fourteen patients (10 males and 4 females) with chronic periodontitis were enrolled in the present study with total number of twenty-eight periodontal pockets utilizing a split mouth design, the pockets were divided into two groups, the test group which was treated with scaling and root planning procedure and the application of the S. officinalis gel, and the control group that treated with scaling and root planning only. Plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) were recorded for each site. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected from each site by using PerioCol paper strips. The concentration of the transforming growth factor beta-1 in the gingival crevicular fluid was quantified by a high sensitivity enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The test group demonstrated a significant reduction in GI at 1-week and 1-month after the treatment comparing to baseline (1.14 vs. 1.64, p = 0.003, and 1.21 vs. 1.64, p = 0.028, respectively), while no significant reduction in the PI at recall visits comparing to baseline. The control group demonstrated no significant reduction in PI and GI at recall visits, comparing to baseline. Both the test and control groups demonstrated no significant reduction in the transforming growth factor-beta 1 concentration in the gingival crevicular fluid at one week after the treatment comparing to baseline, while at one month after the treatment only the test group demonstrated a significant reduction comparing to baseline (3.91 vs. 9.62, p = 0.044). Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicated that the S. officinalis gel has a potential anti-inflammatory role in the treatment of chronic periodontitis by monitoring both the clinical and immunological parameters.

scholarly journals Lymphotoxin-Alpha Gene Polymorphism +252A/G (rs909253, A/G) Is Associated with Susceptibility to Chronic Periodontitis: A Pilot Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Fernando Pereira Vasconcelos ◽  
Marco Antônio Dias da Silva ◽  
Marcelo Rocha Marques ◽  
Rui Barbosa de Brito Júnior ◽  
Any Carolina Cardoso Guimarães Vasconcelos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Risk Indicator ◽  
Clinical Attachment Loss ◽  
Probing Depth ◽  
Chronic Periodontal Disease ◽  
Length Polymorphisms ◽  
Lymphotoxin Alpha

Background. Periodontal disease leading to clinical findings such as increased periodontal probing depth involves a complex interaction between invading pathogenic microorganisms and the patient's immune system. Lymphotoxin alpha (LT-α) is a potent multifunctional immune modulator that contributes toward susceptibility to immune regulation disorders, including periodontal disease. Objective. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that chronic periodontitis (CP) is associated with polymorphisms of the LT-α gene. Materials and Methods. A total of 126 subjects, 44 healthy subjects, and 82 subjects with CP, were evaluated for periodontal disease by measuring clinical attachment loss and separation. Samples of epithelial cells were obtained for DNA analysis by scraping of the buccal mucosa. The LT-α gene was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction followed by endonuclease digestion with NcoI to analyze restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Results. The LT-α gene (+252A/G) polymorphism was associated with CP. LT-α allele frequencies were significantly different (P=0.0019) between patients with CP and healthy individuals, with an odds ratio of 2.67 for patients with CP with the G allele. Conclusions. These findings suggest the LT-α gene genotype is a risk indicator for susceptibility to chronic periodontal disease in the Brazilian population studied.

Efficacy of subgingivally delivered atorvastatin and simvastatin as an adjunct to scaling and root planing

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sai M. Surve ◽  
Anirudh B. Acharya ◽  
Srinath L. Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Local Delivery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Scaling And Root Planing ◽  
Root Planing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

AbstractThe current understanding of the pathogenesis of periodontal disease has resulted in adjunctive use of various pharmacologic agents in periodontal therapy. The objective of this investigation was to assess the efficacy of atorvastatin and simvastatin (because of their pleiotropic properties) as an adjunct to dental scaling and root planing (SRP) by local delivery, i.e. placing them subgingivally, in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.Local delivery systems for atorvastatin and simvastatin were prepared in sodium alginate suspension to be administered with calcium chloride solution. Patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis were grouped as group 1, receiving SRP only (control), group 2, receiving SRP with subgingival delivery of 1.2% simvastatin, and group 3, receiving SRP with subgingival delivery of 1.2% atorvastatin. Clinical parameters and interleukin (IL) 1α levels in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were assessed.All three groups showed significant reductions in clinical parameters and IL-1α levels in the GCF (p<0.05). However, the test groups did not show any statistically significant difference when compared with control.Subgingivally delivered atorvastatin and simvastatin as an adjunct to SRP is efficacious but did not demonstrate any added benefit as compared with SRP alone.

Study on the TNF-a, Il-1b and Il-6 Levels in Patients with Chronic Periodontitis and Cardiovascular Diseases

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 619-623
Author(s):  
Ovidiu Nicolaiciuc ◽  
Constantin Mihai ◽  
Irina Georgeta Sufaru ◽  
Ioana Martu ◽  
Sorina Mihaela Solomon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Statin Group ◽  
Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Inflammatory Molecules ◽  
And Control ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Studies on the link between periodontal disease and atherosclerosis have generated conflicting results and the mechanisms underlying this relationship are incompletely understood. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the levels in serum and in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of TNF-a, IL-1b and IL-6, to clarify the possible link between periodontitis and hyperlipidemia, as well as the effects of conventional periodontal treatment through scaling and root surfacing on these pro-inflammatory molecules. The study was carried out on a total of 40 subjects divided into two main groups: the study group (n=26) and control group (n=14). The cases included patients with atherosclerosis with prescribed diet (D) or antilipemic therapy with a drug from the statin group (S). Controls (C) were selected from systemically healthy subjects with chronic periodontitis. Samples were performed from crevicular fluid and serum, by determining the initial and post-treatment of TNF-a, IL-1b and IL-6. For all groups there were significant serum decreases in TNF-a, IL-1b and IL-6 from baseline, and the decreases were more significant IL-1b for statin group. Significant decreases were found in the crevicular fluid for all cytokines. The decrease was most evident for IL-6 in the statin group. Combining antilipemic periodontal therapy and treatment can provide beneficial effects on metabolism and control of inflammatory atherosclerosis by lowering serum pro-inflammatory cytokines.

scholarly journals The effect of carbonate apatite membrane gelatin application on IL-1β level gingival crevicular fluid in chronic periodontitis patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Indra Mustika Setia Pribadi ◽  
Ina Hendiani ◽  
Reynaldy Sartiono
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Periodontal Pocket ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carbonate Apatite ◽  
Scaling And Root Planing ◽  
Root Planing ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

Introduction: Apatite carbonate material plays an important role in bone tissue regeneration. The use of this membrane is expected to achieve better treatment success than those without additional therapy. The antimicrobial content in the apatite carbonate membrane can be used to support periodontal treatment of chronic periodontitis after scaling and root planing. The purpose of this research was to analyse the effect of carbonate apatite membrane gelatin application on the IL-1β level of the gingival crevicular fluid in chronic periodontitis patients. Methods: This research was a double-blind, randomised controlled trial method, with purposive sampling, and split-mouth design. The parameter was the IL-1β level in the gingival crevicular fluid before and after scaling and root planing. Carbonate apatite membrane gelatin was applied to the periodontal pocket on the test group after scaling and root planing. Data were analysed by the Wilcoxon test with a p-value < 0.05. Results: The reduction of IL-1β level gingival crevicular fluid on day-0 and day-30 on both groups showed significant value (p < 0.001). However, it showed no significant differences statistically, between the test group and the control group. Conclusion: Carbonate apatite membrane gelatin application might reduce the IL-1β level of the gingival crevicular fluid, but not showing a better reduction from the control group.Keyword: Carbonate apatite membrane gelatin, IL-1β, periodontal therapy

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Probiotic Lozenges in Periodontal Management of Chronic Periodontitis Patients: Clinical and Immunological Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (02) ◽  
pp. 281-287
Author(s):  
Ahmed Alshareef ◽  
Alaa Attia ◽  
Mohammed Almalki ◽  
Faisal Alsharif ◽  
Ahmed Melibari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Immunological Study ◽  
Scaling And Root Planing ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Clinical Attachment Loss ◽  
Recall Time ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
Crevicular Fluid

Abstract Objective The main purpose of this article was to evaluate the effect of probiotics used as an adjunctive to scaling and root planing (SRP) on the periodontal parameters and matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of chronic periodontitis patients. Materials and Methods A total of 25 chronic periodontitis patients who completed the treatment course of 40 subjects, aged 25 to 58 years, participated in this study. They were categorized into two groups: the first group was treated by SRP while the second group was treated by SRP and probiotic lozenges twice a day for 30 days. All patients were evaluated clinically by measuring the plaque index, bleeding index (BI), pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, and immunologically by assaying GCF/MMP-8 at baseline and 30 days after periodontal management. Results There was a significant improvement in periodontal parameters after SRP treatment with and without probiotic lozenges in both groups. However, there was a significant decrease in the BI (p = 0.05) in SRP and probiotic lozenges group after 30 days compared with SRP alone. In addition, there was a significant decrease in GCF/MMP-8 levels after 30 days in patients managed by SRP only (p = 0.017) compared with the baseline in both groups, whereas a highly significant decrease in patients treated by SRP and probiotics (p = 0.001). Conclusion The current study suggested that the probiotics might have a beneficial effect on clinical and immunological outcomes in the management of chronic periodontitis patients. Further research is needed on a large-scale population and for a long recall time to confirm the response to probiotics as an adjunctive to SRP.

scholarly journals Effects of Orally Administered Lactoferrin and Lactoperoxidase-Containing Tablets on Clinical and Bacteriological Profiles in Chronic Periodontitis Patients

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eiju Shimizu ◽  
Tetsuo Kobayashi ◽  
Hiroyuki Wakabayashi ◽  
Koji Yamauchi ◽  
Keiji Iwatsuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Administration ◽  
Chronic Periodontitis ◽  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Bacteriological Profile ◽  
Crevicular Fluid ◽  
And Control ◽  
Parameter Values

This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of oral administration of lactoferrin (LF) and lactoperoxidase-(LPO-)containing tablet on periodontal condition. Seventy-two individuals with chronic periodontitis were randomly assigned to take either bovine LF and LPO-containing tablets (test group,n=37) or control tablets (control group,n=35) every day for 12 weeks. Periodontal parameters and levels of subgingival plaque bacteria, human and bovine LF, and endotoxin in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were evaluated at baseline, 1 week, 4 weeks, and 12 weeks. Significant differences were observed in GCF levels of bovine LF between the test and control groups throughout the study (P<.05). However, clinical and bacteriological parameter values proved comparable between the two groups at 1 week to 12 weeks. Therefore, the effect of oral administration of LF and LPO-containing tablets might be weak on periodontal and bacteriological profile in this study.

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