scholarly journals The study of Yangyinyiqi mixture anti bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis on rats by intervening matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases-1

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-323
Author(s):  
Hong Wang ◽  
◽  
Chen-Yu Chen ◽  
Yong Zhu ◽  
Ji-Pu Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Dexamethasone Acetate ◽  
And Control ◽  
Metalloproteinase 9

To investigate effectsof Yangyinyiqi Mixture on pulmonary fibrosis caused by bleomycin. SD ratswere divided randomly into: model group(distilled water,1 mL·0.1 kg-1), dexamethasone acetate group(dexamethasone acetate, the dosage was reduced gradually), low-dose group(Yangyinyiqi Mixture, 11 g·kg-1), moderate-dose group(Yangyinyiqi Mixture, 22 g·kg-1), high-dose group (Yangyinyiqi Mixture, 44 g·kg-1) and control group(distilled water, 1 mL·0.1 kg-1). Yangyinyiqi Mixture and dexamethasone acetate were intragastrically administrated. Lung tissue was collected for histopathological examination. Compared with control group, collagen markedly increased andHYP content significantly increased on 7th day in model group (p<0.01). On 28th day, collagen was diffusely deposited, alveolar was destroyed, and HYP content significantly increased (p<0.01). Compared with model group, bleomycin-induced suffering injury caused MMP-9 expression levels to rapidly increase (7and 14 days, p<0.01). TIMP-1 markedly increased (7and 14 days, p<0.01) and stayed at a high levelto28th day. Yangyinyiqi Mixture exerted an effect against pulmonary fibrosis, which could involved prevention of collagen deposition through inhibitingMMP-9 and TIMP-1 expression.

scholarly journals Study on the Mechanism of Shugan Xiaozhi Fang on Cells with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1328-1338
Author(s):  
Yufeng Xing ◽  
Chuantao Zhang ◽  
Fenfen Zhai ◽  
Tianran Zhou ◽  
Xiang Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Oil Red O Staining ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Oil Red O

AbstractCells with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) were studied to determine the mechanism of liver deficiency via the AdipoR2-PPARa pathway. NAFLD cells were randomly divided into a normal control group, blank control group, model group, low dose group, medium dose group, and high dose group. The NAFLD models were established by incubating the cells with linoleic acid (LA) and palmitic acid (PA) (2:1) for 24 h. The test groups were incubated with different doses of Shugan Xiaozhi Fang extract. The pathological changes in cells that accumulated lipids were detected by Oil Red O staining. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and triglyceride (TG) levels were measured. The apoptosis of cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. The levels of AdipoR2, PPARa, CD36, acyl-CoA mRNA, and protein were confirmed by RT- PCR and Western blot. The results of the Oil Red O staining demonstrated that the NAFLD cell model was successfully established. Compared with the model group, the levels of TG and MDA in the groups that received low, medium, and high doses of Shugan Xiaozhi were significantly lower (P<0.01), and a dose effect was evident. In addition, the expression of AdipoR2, PPARa, CD36, acyl-CoA protein, and mRNA in the Shugan Xiaozhi-treated groups was upregulated. Furthermore, the levels of AdipoR2, PPAR, CD36, acyl-CoA protein, and mRNA in all drug treatment groups that were extracted from L-O2 normal human hepatocytes were significantly upregulated (P<0.01). Moreover, the factor pattern of HepG2 human liver carcinoma cells was similar to that of L-O2. The levels of AdipoR, CD36, acyl-CoA, and AdipoR mRNA in the HepG2 low group were increased (P<0.05). AdipoR, PPAR, CD36, and acyl-CoA protein levels and AdipoR mRNA expression were significantly increased in the intermediate dose group and high dose group (P<0.01). Shugan Xiaozhi Fang attenuates hepatic lipid deposition in NAFLD induced by incubating with LA and PA for 24 h, which is associated with the activation of the AdipoR2-PPARα pathway.

scholarly journals Effect of Astragalus membranaceus Oral Solution on Lifespan and Learning and Memory Ability of Honey Bees

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tao Hong ◽  
Long-Xue Li ◽  
Xiao-ping Han ◽  
Jing-liang Shi ◽  
Cai-yun Dan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Oral Solution ◽  
Astragalus Membranaceus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

In this study, the effects of Astragalus membranaceus oral solution on lifespan and learning and memory abilities of honey bees were evaluated. Two groups of bees were fed with sucrose syrup (50%) containing low dose (1.33%) and high dose (13.3%) of A. membranaceus oral solution, respectively. The proboscis extension response (PER) analysis was applied to examine the learning and memory capabilities of bees. Two genes related to memory formation in honey bees were determined by real-time PCR. High dose (13.3%) of A. membranaceus significantly decreased the mean lifespan of bees compared to the bees fed with low dose (1.33%) and control bees. No significant differences in lifespan of bees were found between low-dose-fed bees and control bees. The results of PER experiments showed apparent improvement in the memorizing ability of the high-dose group (in comparison with the control group). Moreover, the relative expression levels of Nmdar1 in the low-dose group and control group were significantly lower than those in the high-dose group. It is preliminarily concluded that A. membranaceus has an adverse effect on the mean lifespan of honey bees but might be helpful in strengthening memories.

scholarly journals ALA/LA Protect Against DN db/db mice Oxidative Stress and Fibrosis Through the ROS/p38/TGF-β1 Pathway

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 756-756
Author(s):  
Mingxia Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Kidney Fibrosis ◽  
Tgf Β1

Abstract Objectives Both oxidative stress (OS) and fibrosis play a significant role in the pathobiology of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Hence, we observed the effects of a-linolenic acids/linoleic acid (ALA/LA) on renal oxidative stress and tubule fibrosis on DN db/db mice and clarified its possible mechanisms in vivo. Methods db/db and db/m mice were divided into four groups, including normal control group(db/m mice), DN model group(DN db/db mice), low-dose group (DN db/db mice intervened by 250 mg/kg.d mixture of ALA and LA, with the ratio of 1:4), high-dose group (DN db/db mice intervened by500mg/kg.d ALA/LA, with the ratio of 1:4). The effect of ALA/LA on DN db/db mice analyzed by ELISA, realtime PCR, Westen Blot and pathophysiology methods. Results Compared to the DN model group, after ALA/LA intervention, fasting plasma glucose, renal function, inflammation factors, the level of oxidative stress and the degree renal pathological morphology damage of db/db mice were lower in the intervention group(P &lt; 0.05). The SOD, CAT, MDA level (nmol/mgprot) in intervention group was 11.97 ± 1.95, 20.13 ± 1.67, 0.81 ± 0.12, and that in the model group was5.87 ± 1.87, 12.37 ± 1.50, 1.07 ± 0.10. BUN, SCr, UA in intervention group was 19.21 ± 6.16 mmol/L, 30.86 ± 5.37μmol/L, 230.14 ± 56.44μmol/L; and that in the model group was 9.74 ± 3.77 mmol/L, 22.22 ± 3.9μmol/L, 172.56 ± 27.32μmol/L.Intervention of ALA/LA decreased the protein and mRNA expression of TGF-β1, p-p38 (p38), p-ERK (ERK) and COLⅣ in kidney of db/db mice (P &lt; 0.05). The relative mRNA level of TGF-β1, p38, ERK and COLⅣ in the intervention group was 0.64 ± 0.14, 2.71 ± 0.15, 2.48 ± 0.47, 4.37 ± 0.71, while that in the model group was17.63 ± 4.84, 127.43 ± 4.84, 15.91 ± 3.55, 32.05 ± 4.13.The relative protein level of TGF-β1, p-p38, p-ERK and COL-Ⅳ in the intervention group was 0.42 ± 0.07, 0.13 ± 0.04, 0.35 ± 0.04, and 0.46 ± 0.03, while that in the model group was 0.74 ± 0.05, 0.90 ± 0.03, 0.98 ± 0.02, 1.06 ± 0.10. Conclusions ALA/LA(1:4, 250 mg/kg/d) has good antioxidant capacity in vivo. It inhibited the transduction action of p38 and ERK, reduced the activity of TGF-β1, COL-Ⅳand ameliorate kidney fibrosis of DN db/db mice. The study on ALA/LA might provide research evidence and possible clinical treatment for DN. Funding Sources This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81,372,986).

Effects of Perilla Frutescens Leaf Total Flavonoid on Enzyme of Lipoprotein Metabolism and Antioxidation in Hyperlipidemia Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 644-650 ◽  
pp. 5256-5258
Author(s):  
Ye Shen ◽  
Ming Zhu ◽  
Ming Yue Zhai ◽  
Gang Lv ◽  
Tan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Group ◽  
Hepatic Lipase ◽  
Lipoprotein Metabolism ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Serum Lipoprotein ◽  
Perilla Frutescens ◽  
Total Flavonoid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Model Group

To explore the effects of Perilla frutescens leaf total flavonoid (PFF) on regulating the serum level of lipids, enzymes of lipoprotein metabolism and antioxidation in the hyperlipidemia rats. 50 healthy SD rats were divided into 5 groups randomly according to the serum TC: hyperlipidemia model group, high dose group of PFF, medium dose group of PFF, low dose group of PFF, and lovastatin treatment positive control group. Serum lipoprotein level, lipoprotein lipase (LPL), hepatic lipase (HL),superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were tested after treated with corresponding drugs once per day for 4weeks. Compared with the model group, the levels of the serum TC, TG, LDL-C, and MDA decreased significantly, while HDL-C, LPL, HL and SOD increased significantly (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The lipid metabolic disorder in hyperlipidemia rats was improved notably through the treatment with PFF, indicating that the PFF plays an important role in decreasing lipids.

scholarly journals Effect of monosodium glutamate on liver of adult albino rats: a light microscopic study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1442
Author(s):  
Prenika Shangloo ◽  
Midhat Syed ◽  
Sangeeta Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) or Aji-no-moto is the common flavouring agent which is inadvertently used in all the packed and ready to use food items. Its use has grabbed the attention with reporting of Chinese restaurant syndrome and many more side effects. This flavouring agent effects almost all the organs of the human body but the statistics regarding its ill effects are very limited, thus no objections are being raised for its use in eatables. In current study we planned to analyse the pathological effects of MSG on the liver of adult albino rats.Methods: The study was conducted on 18 inbred adult albino rats of either sex. The rats of control group (A) received only standard diet with distilled water, low dose test group (B) rats received 0.5 mg/kg of MSG dissolved in distilled water and high dose test group (C) rats received 1.5 mg/kg of MSG dissolved in distilled water per orally for 28 days. After the experimental period, the rats were sacrificed to dissect out the liver tissue which was later subjected to histological processing and tissue sectioning.Results: The liver tissue sections of the control group (A) revealed normal hepatic architecture with central veins located in the centre of the hepatic lobule and portal areas containing portal triad formed by portal venule, hepatic arteriole and bile ductile. On the other hand, the liver sections of low dose group (B) exhibited pathological changes in the form of dilated and congested central vein with sinusoidal dilatation. In high dose group (C), more marked pathological changes seen in group B along with dilatation of the portal vein was also seen.Conclusions: MSG is most widely used food additive whose safe limits for use need to be scrutinized. The current study was planned to access the minimal low dose limit of MSG for use. The observations of the afore mentioned study revealed that even small dose of MSG of 0.5 mg/kg is capable of producing pathological effects in liver which is the main site of metabolism of xenobiotics

The Study of Interference with Ruyanneixiao Cream on Hemorheology and Mammary Microcirculation of Mammary Precancer Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 1789-1793
Author(s):  
Gui Juan Zhang ◽  
De Hui Li ◽  
Rui Liao ◽  
Bi Zhu Tan ◽  
Yu Bin Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Plasma Viscosity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Blank Control Group ◽  
Whole Blood Viscosity ◽  
Sd Rats ◽  
The Status

Objective: to probe the interference of Ruyanneixiao cream for hemorheology and mammary microcirculation of mammary precancer rats. Methods: 48 virginal female SD rats were randomly allocated into 6 groups, A: Blank control group (8); B: Mammary precancer model group (8); C: Tamoxifen (TAM) group (8); D: High dose group of Ruyanneixiao cream (8); E: Middle dose group of Ruyanneixiao cream (8); F: Low dose group of Ruyanneixiao cream (8). The changes of hemorheology and mammary microcirculation were recorded when the rats were executed after 60d. Result: compared with the Blank control group, the whole blood viscosity and plasma viscosity of mammary precancer model group was higher (P<0.05) and the perfusion of mammary microcirculation was lower (P<0.01). Compared with mammary precancer model group, the hemorheological parameters and perfusion of mammary microcirculation of each dose group of Ruyanneixiao cream were improved (P<0.05). Conclusion: Ruyanneixiao cream can improve the status of hemorheology, increase the perfusion of mammary microcirculation. And it may be one of mechanism to treat and prevent mammary precancer disease.

scholarly journals A study on the mechanism of adipokine in non-alcoholic fatty liver in rats treated by four herbs decoction

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 205873921985397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Hong Sun ◽  
Liang-Deng Zhang ◽  
Wei Wei
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
High Dose Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Oil Red O Staining ◽  
Oil Red O

The objective of the study is to determine adipokine-associated mechanism of efficacy of Si He Decoction (SHD) for treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Forty-five Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, SHD low-dose group, SHD middle-dose group, and SHD high-dose group. Except control group, others were fed with a high-fat diet for 12 weeks to establish model. Then, H&E and oil red O staining were performed, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect expression level of adipokine-associated molecules. H&E and oil red O staining results revealed that SHD treatment for NAFLD could effectively improve liver pathological conditions compared to that in model group, and the best efficacy was observed in SHD high-dose group. Compared to model group, SHD treatment could effectively downregulate expression level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), and upregulate expression level of visfatin, adiponectin (APN), leptin (LEP), and resistin in NAFLD rats. SHD can improve NAFLD through multiple means of targeting adipokines.

scholarly journals Effect of amber powder on endometrial ultrastructure and MAPK pathway in endometriosis model rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1845-1851
Author(s):  
Xiaona Ma ◽  
Yanhui Wu ◽  
Bingbing Li ◽  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Xiujuan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Group ◽  
Mapk Pathway ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Disease Model ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Blank Group ◽  
Endometrial Cells

Purpose: To explore the therapeutic role of amber powder in endometriosis by investigating its effect on endometrial ultrastructure, ERK1/2, p38MAPK, and NF-κB mRNA pathways and CSRC/EFR/ERK1/2 proteins. Methods: Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into blank group, disease model group (untreated), amber powder high-dose group, amber powder medium-dose group, amber powder lowdose group and danazol group. Morphological changes in endometrial cells were studied using transmission electron microscopy. The expression of ERK1/2, p38MAPK, and NF-κB mRNA in endometrial tissues of each group was determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Immunohistochemistry was utilized for the measurement of C-SRC/EFR/ERK1/2 pathway protein expression. Results: The endometriosis rats treated with a high-, medium- and low-dose amber powder showed a decrease in the volume of ectopic lesions, compared with the untreated disease model group. The expressions of ERK1/2, p38MAPK, NF-κB mRNA, and C-SRC/EFR/ERK1/2 protein were higher in the eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues in untreated disease group than those in normal control group. Moreover, treatment of endometriosis rats with amber powder revealed a reduction in the expressions of ERK1/2, p38MAPK, NF-κB mRNA and C-SRC/EFR/ERK1/2 proteins in eutopic and ectopic endometrium tissues. Conclusion: Amber powder reduces ectopic lesions and slows down the development of endometriosis, probably via inhibition of MAPK pathway genes in eutopic and ectopic endometrial tissues.

scholarly journals Newly Developed Recombinant Antithrombin Protects the Endothelial Glycocalyx in an Endotoxin-Induced Rat Model of Sepsis

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Toshiaki Iba ◽  
Jerrold H. Levy ◽  
Koichiro Aihara ◽  
Katsuhiko Kadota ◽  
Hiroshi Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Endothelial Glycocalyx ◽  
High Dose Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Circulating Levels

(1) Background: The endothelial glycocalyx is a primary target during the early phase of sepsis. We previously reported a newly developed recombinant non-fucosylated antithrombin has protective effects in vitro. We further evaluated the effects of this recombinant antithrombin on the glycocalyx damage in an animal model of sepsis. (2) Methods: Following endotoxin injection, in Wistar rats, circulating levels of hyaluronan, syndecan-1 and other biomarkers were evaluated in low-dose or high-dose recombinant antithrombin-treated animals and a control group (n = 7 per group). Leukocyte adhesion and blood flow were evaluated with intravital microscopy. The glycocalyx was also examined using side-stream dark-field imaging. (3) Results: The activation of coagulation was inhibited by recombinant antithrombin, leukocyte adhesion was significantly decreased, and flow was better maintained in the high-dose group (both p < 0.05). Circulating levels of syndecan-1 (p < 0.01, high-dose group) and hyaluronan (p < 0.05, low-dose group; p < 0.01, high-dose group) were significantly reduced by recombinant antithrombin treatment. Increases in lactate and decreases in albumin levels were significantly attenuated in the high-dose group (p < 0.05, respectively). The glycocalyx thickness was reduced over time in control animals, but the derangement was attenuated and microvascular perfusion was better maintained in the high-dose group recombinant antithrombin group (p < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: Recombinant antithrombin maintained vascular integrity and the microcirculation by preserving the glycocalyx in this sepsis model, effects that were more prominent with high-dose therapy.

scholarly journals The effect of short-term use of finasteride versus cyproterone acetate on perioperative blood loss with monopolar transurethral resection of prostate

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabieb A. Abdelbaki ◽  
Adel Al-Falah ◽  
Mohamed Alhefnawy ◽  
Ahmed Abozeid ◽  
Abdallah Fathi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Transurethral Resection ◽  
Cyproterone Acetate ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Microvascular Density ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Transurethral Resection Of Prostate ◽  
Perioperative Bleeding ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background Perioperative bleeding is the most common complication related to transurethral resection of prostate; the aim of the study was to compare the effect of pre-operative use of finasteride versus cyproterone acetate (CPA) on blood loss with monopolar TURP. Methods This prospective randomized controlled study was conducted on (60) patients with BPH underwent monopolar TURP between July 2019 and July 2020. Patients were distributed into three equal groups; CPA group: 20 patients received cyproterone acetate 50 mg tab BID for two weeks before TURP, finasteride group: 20 patients received single daily dose of finasteride 5 mg for two weeks before TURP, control group: 20 patients received no treatment before TURP, all patients underwent monopolar TURP, and then histopathological examination of the resected tissues was done with assessment of the microvascular density of the prostate. Results Our study showed that there was significant decrease in intraoperative blood loss and operative time in CPA and finasteride groups in comparison with control group (p = 0.0012) (p < 0.0001), respectively, significant decrease in post-operative Hb and HCT value in finasteride and control groups in comparison with CPA group (p < 0.01), significant increase in specimen weight in CPA group compared to other groups (p < 0.01), and there was also significant decrease in microvascular density in CPA group in comparison with other groups (p < 0.01). Conclusion Cyproterone acetate is more effective than finasteride in decreasing perioperative bleeding with TURP by decreasing microvascular density of the prostate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document