scholarly journals Effects of white vinegar on carbohydrate contents in hepatorenal tissues in rats.

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Keyword(s):  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Small Concentration ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
White Vinegar ◽  
Carbohydrate Contents ◽  
Control Group Group ◽  
Group 1

White vinegar is mildly acidic with a pH of 2-3 that has long been used as a relish and traditional medication that depends on its concentration. Yet even a small amount of white vinegar in a small concentration may cause serious poisoning. Recently, many sorts of white vinegar have been developed using fundamental sources and technologies to satisfy customer needs. This study was aimed to investigate the effects of white vinegar on carbohydrate contents in hepatorenal tissues in rats. Thirty female rats were used, they were divided into three groups, group 1 was given distilled water as the normal control group, group 2 was given white vinegar with a dose (1 ml/kg (5 %)) and group 3 was given white vinegar with a dose (1 ml/kg (10 %)) for two weeks. PAS stain in all treated tissues showed a decrease in carbohydrate contents when compared with the control group. In conclusion, white vinegar consumption has adverse effects on carbohydrate contents in hepatic and renal tissues in rats, hence the quantity of white vinegar should be discouraged or reduced.

Investigation of TAp63 gene Expression and Follicle Count Using Melatonin in Cisplatin-induced Ovarian Toxicity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hacı Öztürk Şahin ◽  
Mehmet Nuri Duran ◽  
Fatma Sılan ◽  
Ece Sılan ◽  
Duygu Sıddıkoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovarian Toxicity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background: Premature ovarian failure is among the most important side effects of chemotherapy during reproductive period. Preserving ovarian function is gradually gaining importance during oncologic treatment. The present study aims to investigate the potential of melatonin to protect from cisplatin-induced ovarian toxicity in rats. Twenty nine female rats were divided to three groups: Saline control group (Group 1), cisplatin group (Group 2), and cisplatin+melatonin group (Group 3). While the rats in Groups 2 and 3 were administered 5 mg/kg single dose of cisplatin via intra-peritoneal (IP) route, the rats in Group 3 were started on melatonin (20 mg/kg IP) before cisplatin administration and continued during 3 consecutive days. Ovaries were removed one week after cisplatin administration in all groups. Blood samples were obtained before the rats were decapited. Histological evaluation, follicle count, and classification were performed. TAp63 mRNA expression was evaluated using mRNA extraction and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Serum estradiol (E2) and anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) values were measured with enzyme immune-assay technology. Results: While primordial follicles were seen to decrease in Group 2 as compared to Group 1 (p:0.023), primordial follicle count was observed to be preserved significantly in melatonin group as compared to Group 2 (p:0.047). Moreover, cisplatin-induced histo-pathological morphology was preserved in favor of normal histology in melatonin group. A significant difference was not observed between groups with regard to mean serum AMH and E2 values (p:0.102 and p:0.411, respectively). While TAp63 gene expression significantly increased in Group 2 as compared to control group (p:0.001), we did not detect a statistically significant difference in cisplatin+melatonin group, although gene expression decreased (p:0.34). Conclusion: We conclude that concurrent administration of melatonin and cisplatin may protect from ovarian damage.

10 POSTCERVICAL INSEMINATION OF SOWS WITH REDUCED SPERM NUMBERS IN FIELD CONDITIONS

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
I. Hernandez-Caravaca ◽  
M. J. Izquierdo-Rico ◽  
F. A. Garcia-Vazquez
Keyword(s):  
Field Conditions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reproductive Effects ◽  
Catheter Tip ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Production Industry ◽  
Control Group Group ◽  
Group 1

In the current procedures for AI in pigs, billions of spermatozoa are used (2.5–4.0 × 109 spermatozoa per insemination) in a large volume of liquid (70–100 mL), which is deposited in the cervix at the moment of AI. Approximately 90% of the spermatozoa inseminated cannot be recovered from the uterus at 2 h after AI (Viring S et al. 1980 Acta Vet. Scand. 21, 145–149). Several technical methods are used in the pig production industry for semen application using AI. To reduce the number of spermatozoa, several methods have been developed. The present study was performed to evaluate the reproductive effects under field conditions of postcervical AI (post-CAI) in southeast Spain with multiparous sows. In total, 509 sows were inseminated and divided in 3 groups: sows in the first group were inseminated using cervical AI (CAI, control group) with 3 × 109 spermatozoa in 80 mL of extender (group 1, n = 168); sows in the second group were inseminated by post-CAI using 1.5 × 109 spermatozoa in 40 mL of extender (group 2, n = 175); and sows in the third group were inseminated by post-CAI but using 1 × 109 spermatozoa in 26 mL of extender (group 3, n = 166). The catheter used for post-CAI consisted of a conventional AI catheter with an additional inner catheter that could extend past the catheter tip (Soft & Quick®, Import-Vet, Barcelona, Spain). Day 28 of pregnancy rates, farrowing rates, total pigs born, total live piglets, and stillborns were evaluated. Data were analyzed by ANOVA. Pregnancy and farrowing rates after post-CAI with 1.5 × 109 or 1 × 109 spermatozoa did not differ from those of the control group (group 1: 87.50%; group 2: 88.57%; group 3: 86.14%; P = 0.367). The number of spermatozoa inseminated did not significantly affect the number of live (12.27 ± 4.99; 12.18 ± 5.20; 12.64 ± 5.31; P = 0.946) or stillborn pigs (1.60 ± 1.79; 1.80 ± 2.27; 1.78 ± 1.84; P = 0.386) or the total number of piglets born (13.87 ± 5.39; 14.02 ± 5.75; 14.42 ± 5.65; P = 0.865). The present study shows that post-CAI with a low number of sperm cells does not negatively influence the reproductive parameters of multiparous sows compared with conventional AI. In conclusion, post-CAI in sows is simple, effective, and safe, and allows the sperm dose to be reduced to one billion spermatozoa.

Control of Puerperium in a Dairy Farm using an Intrauterine Suspension

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Daniel BEREAN ◽  
Liviu Marian BOGDAN ◽  
Ileana BOGDAN ◽  
Ovidiu GIURGIU ◽  
Anamaria Blaga PETREAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Group Group ◽  
Group 1

The purpose of this research was to evaluate a product developed at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Cluj Napoca and his efficiency in the control of the puerperium at cows. The study was carried out between January 2017 to December 2018 in a dairy farm from Mures county, Romania. In this study were enclosed 60 cows, randomly divided in 3 groups: Puerperal group (group 1), Puerperal and Estrumate group (group 2), and control group (group 3). For each group the treatment applied for the control of puerperium was different. For each group were followed: the evolution of puerperium, the appearance of the first postpartum estrous cycle, the interval of service period and the number of artificial inseminations necessary for one gestation. For the puerperium control and to avoid the postpartum complications Puerperal intrauterine suspension it’s a good option.

scholarly journals Do alcoholic beverages interfere in the force of orthodontic elastics?

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matheus Melo PITHON ◽  
Jéssica Rocha BARRETTO ◽  
Camilla Souza Santos ANDRADE ◽  
Fernando Pereira de NOVAES ◽  
Murilo de Novaes LUZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcoholic Beverages ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Control Group Group ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To evaluate the effects of different alcoholic beverages on the decline in force of orthodontic elastics. Material and method: In a laboratory study, 6 groups of alcoholic beverages were tested. Control group (Group 1) was composed of distilled water. Experimental groups were Whisky (Group 2), Brandy (Group 3), Vodka (Group 4), Beer (Group 5), Sugar Cane Spirit/Rum (Group 6), Wine (Group 7). In the experimental groups, templates were used to enable elastics to be submerged in the alcoholic beverages for 30 seconds once a day. Force was measured with a digital dynamometer in six different time intervals: baseline, 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days. Result: There were no significant differences between the treatments in the time intervals: baseline, 7, 14 and 28 days. There were statistical differences between Group 7 and the others in the first 24 hours, and between Group 1 and the others after 21 days. After 28 days, there were no significant differences in the force pattern among all groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: Alcoholic beverages had no influence on the decline in force of the chain elastics.

scholarly journals Examination of Gastroesophageal Reflux by Transabdominal Ultrasound: Can a Slow, Trickling form of Reflux be Responsible for Reflux Esophagitis?

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 588-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
László Madi-Szabo ◽  
György Kocsis
Keyword(s):  
Gastroesophageal Reflux ◽  
Test Meal ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lower Esophagus ◽  
Transabdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Control Group Group ◽  
Group 1

BACKGROUND: Ultrasound can visualize significant portions of the upper and lower esophagus; it is without any instrumental interference in real conditions and displays events in motion.PURPOSE: To study the events that occur during swallowing and gastroesophageal reflux.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Group 1 comprised 25 patients with retrosternal complaints, selected for esophageal surface ultrasonography for endoscopic signs of esophagitis. Group 2 comprised 25 patients who underwent initial transabdominal ultrasonography. For 3 to 6 h before ultrasonography, nothing was given by mouth to the 50 patients labelled as having gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Ultrasonography was then performed for 15 to 20 mins after drinking one mouthful of water or tea, or swallowing some saliva to provoke reflux. The events were recorded on videotape rolls. Endoscopy was carried out in all 50 cases; in 46 cases (21 and 25 from groups 1 and 2, respectively), gastric acidity and bacteriology were subsequently examined (test meal). Manometry and pH were not measured to avoid provocation of reflux by the instruments. Thirty patients without any esophageal complaints or signs of esophagitis (though suffering from gastric and duodenal diseases) were designated as the control group (group 3). The available results were compared.RESULTS: In 32 of 46 patients diagnosed with GERD (69.5% in groups 1 and 2), a special kind of reflux was observed by ultrasonography: a slow, trickling reflux of the gastric content was seen, mostly after swallowing. A fast clearance followed four to six episodes of the trickling reflux, only after an interval of 0.5 to 2 mins. Only fast refluxes and immediate clearance were observed in the control group.CONCLUSIONS: The observations above may indicate a special form of gastroesophageal reflux, namely, a slow, trickling form of it. It can be responsible for the development of GERD. Fast reflux and immediate clearance are common; however, this special trickling form was observed only in GERD patients. This may explain a number of often contradictory measurements and can make the effect of cisapride more understandable. A test meal is always necessary to distinguish a bilious reflux from an acidic one, because only the latter may require aggresive antacidic treatment.

The Effect of the Plane of Nutrition on Parasitism by Ostertagia spp. in the Lactating Ewe

1971 ◽  
Vol 45 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 177-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. Connan
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Protein Depletion ◽  
Full Diet ◽  
Suppressant Effect ◽  
Secondary Factor ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Resistance To Infection ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Control Group Group ◽  
Group 1

The resistance to infection by Ostertagia spp. of three groups of lactating ewes was compared with an unbred control group. Group 1 was fed a full diet of hay and a concentrate ration ad lib. Groups 2 and 3 were fed the same quantitatively inadequate diet and in addition group 3 received daily injections of thyroxine sodium. All the animals were infected regularly with Ostertagia larvae and killed 6 weeks after lambing.While the unbred sheep were highly resistant, all three groups of lactating ewes carried significant numbers of worms. Group 2 and 3 had significantly more than group 1, the additional worms being present as adults. The effect of hyperthyroidism in group 3 was not significant.It is concluded that the immuno-suppressant effect of lactation is probably not due to protein depletion although the latter may be an important secondary factor.

Comparative Data about Estrus Induction and Pregnancy Rate on Lacaune Ewes in Non-breeding Season after Melatonin Implants and Intravaginal Progestagen

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Berean ◽  
O. Ergene ◽  
A. Blaga-Petrean ◽  
I. Bogdan ◽  
S. Ciupe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Induction Rate ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Control Group Group ◽  
Group 1

Backgroung: Seasonal anestrus in ewes reduces reproductive efficiency and hinders productivity. Exogenous hormones can be used to facilitate the induction and synchronization of estrus in the anestrus period. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pregnancy rate in ewes after the treatment with different hormones and fixed time artificial insemination. Methods: The ewes were randomly divided in 4 (n=4) groups: Melatonin group (Group 1), Melatonin and Medroxyprogesterone group (Group 2), Medroxyprogesterone group (Group 3) and control group (Group 4). Pregnancy rate, estrus induction rate and litter size were determined and compared. Result: The estrus induction rate in our study was 100% for the first 3 groups and 6.25% for the 4th group. The pregnancy rate was between 4.16% (group 4) and 95.83% (group 2). For the others groups the values were 89.58% for the first group and 91.67%, for the 3rd group. The prolificacy rate was between 1 (control group) and 1.71 (2nd group), with intermediate values for the other 2 groups: 1.21 for 1st group and 1.27 for the 3rd group.

scholarly journals Investigation of TAp63 gene expression and follicle count using melatonin in cisplatin-induced ovarian toxicity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 658
Author(s):  
Hacı Öztürk Şahin ◽  
Mehmet Nuri Duran ◽  
Fatma Sılan ◽  
Ece Sılan ◽  
Duygu Sıddıkoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ovarian Toxicity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Premature ovarian failure is among the most important side effects of chemotherapy during reproductive period. Preserving ovarian function is gradually gaining importance during oncologic treatment. The present study aims to investigate the potential of melatonin to protect from cisplatin-induced ovarian toxicity in rats.Methods: Twenty-nine female rats were divided to three groups: Saline control group (group 1), cisplatin group (group 2), and cisplatin and melatonin group (group 3). While the rats in groups 2 and 3 were administered 5 mg/kg single dose of cisplatin via intra-peritoneal (IP) route, the rats in group 3 were started on melatonin (20 mg/kg IP) before cisplatin administration and continued during 3 consecutive days. Ovaries were removed one week after cisplatin administration in all groups. Blood samples were obtained before the rats were decapitated. Histological evaluation, follicle count, and classification were performed. TAp63 mRNA expression was evaluated using mRNA extraction and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Serum estradiol (E2) and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) values were measured with enzyme immune-assay technology.Results: While primordial follicles were seen to decrease in group 2 as compared to group 1 (p=0.023), primordial follicle count was observed to be preserved significantly in melatonin group as compared to group 2 (p=0.047). Moreover, cisplatin-induced histo-pathological morphology was preserved in favor of normal histology in melatonin group. A significant difference was not observed between groups with regard to mean serum AMH and E2 values (p=0.102 and p=0.411, respectively). While TAp63 gene expression significantly increased in group 2 as compared to control group (p=0.001), we did not detect a statistically significant difference in cisplatin and melatonin group, although gene expression decreased (p=0.34).Conclusions: We conclude that concurrent administration of melatonin and cisplatin may protect from ovarian damage.

scholarly journals Effects of cytoflavin on biochemical indicators in patients with maxillofacial area phlegmons

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
Tatiana V. Gaivoronskaya ◽  
Oksana V. Shvets ◽  
Svetlana K. Shafranova
Keyword(s):  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Last Stage ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Control Group Group ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To assess the effect of cytoflavin on the dynamics of the blood and oral fluid prooxidant-antioxidant system in patients with maxillofacial area phlegmons.Materials and methods. 55 patients were included in the study. The patients were divided into three groups: control group (group 1, n = 20); comparison group (group 2, n = 15); patients with phlegmons of the maxillofacial area (group 3, n = 20). As part of therapy, the patients in group 3 were additionally receiving cytoflavin (10 ml cytoflavin in 200 ml saline solution, 1 time per day, for 6 days). The treatment and monitoring was performed over the period of 6 days, during which the blood and oral fluid indicators were estimated 4 times (day 1, 2, 4 and 6).Results. Cytoflavin had a positive effect on the state of the prooxidant-antioxidant balance in patients with maxillofacial area phlegmons. In comparison with the control group, patients in group 3 demonstrated a lower content of oxidative modifi cation products and a higher antioxidant activity of blood plasma. Cytoflavin therapy also led to an increase in the activity of glutathione peroxidase and reductase, as well as an increase in the concentration of glutathione at the last stage of the therapy.Conclusion. The obtained data indicate the potential of cytoflavin as part of complex metabolic therapy for patients with purulent inflammatory processes of the maxillofacial area. 

scholarly journals Evaluation of analgesic (in vivo) activity of Ariflex liniment in comparison with diclofenac gel by acetic acid induced writhing model

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 943
Author(s):  
Sanjay U. Nipanikar ◽  
Sohan S. Chitlange
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Analgesic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Single Animal ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Control Group Group ◽  
Group 1

Background: Adverse effects of available medications for osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) necessitate development of safer and effective alternative medicinal substitutes. The present study was conducted to evaluate analgesic activity of Ariflex liniment (conceptualized and developed by Ari Healthcare Pvt. Ltd.) in comparison with diclofenac gel by using acetic acid induced writhing model.Methods: Albino mice of either sex weighing 20-25 g were taken and divided into 3 groups with 5 animals in each group, i.e., group 1 (control group), group 2 (diclofenac gel) and group 3 (Ariflex liniment). After 1 hour of topical application of study drugs writhing was induced in mice using intra-peritonial injection of 1% acetic acid in volume of 0.1 ml/10 g body weight. Then the writhing episodes were recorded for 30 minutes and results were noted.Results: In the control group, the total number of  writhes were 260±29.73 (mean±S. E. M.). The total number of writhes was 12.17±11.81 (mean ± S. E. M.) in diclofenac group. In Ariflex liniment group, not a single animal felt pain, hence there were no writhes recorded. When compared to control group, the difference in number of writhes was statistically significant. The analgesic activity of Ariflex liniment was found to be superior to that of diclofenac gel used as standard drug.Conclusions: It can be concluded that Ariflex liniment possesses analgesic activity.

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