Reliģiskie tēli 17. gadsimta latīņu kāzu dzejā Rīgā

Author(s):  
Anna Strode

The humanists of Riga began to compose various Latin poetry texts due to the currents of European humanism, which came to Livonia soon after the Protestant Reformation took place in Livonia in the first half of the 16th century. As a result of this historical and religious impact, the level of education increased, enabling an environment for the development of the literature. The aim of the article „Religious characters in the 17th-Century Nuptial Poetry in Riga” is to bring to light the content of nuptial (epithalamium, ὑμέναιος/hymenaeus, carmen nuptialis etc.) poetry written in Riga in the 17th century, providing insight into the most frequently mentioned characters and their meaning, as well as by exploring the specific features of occasional poetry to capture reader’s and researcher’s interest in the previously undiscovered cultural heritage. The subject of the study is more than 380 Latin nuptial poems, which are stored in the Department of Manuscripts and Rare Books of the Academic Library of the University of Latvia. The poems are printed at the beginning of the 17th century by the second typographer of Riga city Gerhard Schröder (?–1657). The article includes data from a classification table (created by the author) in which the main characteristic of each poem is highlighted, including the mentions of all (more than 280) characters from ancient Greek and Roman mythology, as well as biblical and historical characters. Fragments of Latin nuptial poetry written in Riga are included to portray the content of poetry more clearly. All translations of poetry in the article are done by the author.

Author(s):  
Anna Strode

Soon after the Protestant Reformation took place in Livonia in the 16th century, the currents of European humanism came to Livonia. As a result of the historical and religious impact, the level of education increased, enabling an environment for the development of the literature. Soon various Latin poetry texts int. al. 17th-century occasional poetry written by the humanists of Riga started to appear. The aim of the article is to bring to light the components of nuptial (epithalamium, ὑμέναιος/hymenaeus, carmen nuptialis, etc.) poetry written in Riga in the 17th century, as well as by exploring the specific features of occasional poetry to capture readers’ and researchers’ interest in the previously undiscovered cultural heritage. At the beginning of the article, the tradition of nuptial poetry is explained. Then, by examining the basic principles one must take into account in composing occasional poetry based on works of the ancient rhetors – Menander (Μένανδρος Ῥήτωρ, c. 3rd century), pseudo-Dionysius (pseudo-Dionysius/Διονύσιος), Himerius (Ἱμέριος, c. 315–c. 386) and the book “Seven Books on Poetry” (Poetices libri septem, 1561) written by Italian humanist Julius Caesar Scaliger (1484–1558) – a table of the most used topics in nuptial poetry is formed. Afterwards, the poetry written in Riga and its most typical components (didactics, laudation, inducement, foresight, wishes/congratulations and prayers) is compared to the topics offered by previously mentioned theoreticians. Fragments of Latin nuptial poetry written in Riga are included to portray the components of poetry more clearly. All translations of poetry included in the article are made by the author of the article.


2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Mierzecka ◽  
Andrius Suminas

The digital revolution has had a particular impact on the functioning of libraries: it has changed both the means of communicating with the users, and the nature of the service itself. In the case of academic libraries, an online presence is crucial due to the increased rate of Internet usage among their stakeholders, academics and students alike. From their perspective, library websites serve as digital gates to library services and resources. However, an academic library website may fulfil a wide array of functions and their importance can be variously prioritized. The purpose of our research was to find out which functions of academic library websites are viewed as the most important by a selected group of users: the students. To answer this question, we identified the main functions of academic library websites on the basis of desk research and designed a survey conducted among students of the University of Warsaw (Poland) and Vilnius University (Lithuania) ( n=680). The picture of users’ information needs with regard to content of the academic library website revealed by our research allows us to draw conclusions about the functions of the academic library website distinctive from those already mentioned in the subject literature. From the perspective of a user-centric approach we distinguished five functions of the academic library website: (1) supporting the usage of the collection (online and traditional); (2) promotion of culture; (3) gateway for locating information on the Web; (4) education; (5) creation of library’s online image.


Nuncius ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 584-609
Author(s):  
Simona Valeriani

This article takes as a starting point amateur architects in 17th-century England. It considers architectural writings including Henry Wotton’s Elements of Architecture (1624), Sir Balthasar Gerbier’s Councel and Advice to All Builders (1663) as well as Sir Roger Pratt’s and Sir Roger North’s notes on architecture and several building manuals. It enquires into the different kinds of knowledge and professional figures associated with architecture in the period. The paper scrutinizes how being a lover of architecture influenced the actors’ approach to other branches of knowledge such as garden design and agriculture. Did being an amateur shape the way in which one went about apparently more trivial aspects of life such as managing one’s estate? Comparing Roger Pratt’s unpublished notes with other contemporary sources on agriculture and estate management, it provides an insight into distinctive ways in which “amateurs” approached the subject.


Author(s):  
Hilde Daland ◽  
Birgitte Kleivset ◽  
Patricia Flor ◽  
Siv Holt

One of the main tasks of an academic library is to guide students in critical evaluation and the ethical use of sources so that they can interpret, evaluate and create information in a correct and proper way. This should be integrated into the subjects, which is a huge challenge. Many students are told that they can freely select the reference style as long as they are consistent. But it is difficult to be consistent when you barely know what a reference style is. It is not easy for the librarian to answer how one refers to a governmental white paper in a self-designed reference system. To do this in a simple way, it is desirable to share the task between academic tutors and the library.  The recommendation of a reference style should come from the subject department of a faculty and from the sample collections provided by the library. The libraries at the University of Agder (UoA) and Telemark University College (TUC) joined forces to create a survey in which various reference styles were listed, complete with examples. The respondents were asked to choose the style they preferred  and would advise their students to use.  The response rate among the academic staff at the TUC and the UoA was 40%. We consider this to be a representative sample. The purpose of the final web resource aims to be as simple as possible. Students who do not know what a reference style is, and students who do not know which style they should choose, are now guided to make a confident choice of style.


2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriël M.J. Van Wyk

Disputations were a fixture of Martin Luther’s academic career. Luther participated regularly in disputations. It was an important communicative vehicle through which he developed and expressed his theology. The well-known 95 theses are a case in point. Luther’s career as a disputator was impressive. Several of his most influential disputations were explicitly intended for consideration by his academic and ecclesiastical colleagues, but the majority of his disputations took place as a curricular exercise at the University of Wittenberg. The purpose of these disputations was pedagogical and polemical. Luther deployed the same tools for his defence of proper doctrine that were at the centre of the Protestant reformation in the face of objections. The disputatio de homine is a systematic summary of Luther’s anthropology. It incorporates the doctrine of justification as the theological definition of man. It treats the subject within the context of the relationship between theology and philosophy, and reflects upon the new language of theology. The disputatio de homine provides an essential resource for the study of Luther’s anthropology and the doctrine of justification.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Lawrence Loiseau

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] This study addresses Lacan's comments on Marx. While much has been done towards reading Marx with psychoanalysis generally, little had has been done to unpack the meaning and extent of Lacan's own statements on Marx. For example, while Lacanian Marxists like Slavoj Zizek have wielded Lacan to great effect in a critique of post-structuralism, they have neglected the full meaning and complexity of Lacan's own stance. What is argued thereby is that Zizek not only omits the discrete knowledge within Lacan's commentary, but misses what I describe as a Lacan's theory of the social. On the one hand, it is commonly known in Lacanian thought that discourse is responsible for making the subject. On the other hand, what is less known is that Lacan defined discourse as that which makes a social link which, in contrast with Marxist thought, introduces a certain affect and materialism premised on discourse itself, commonly known, but also for providing the underlying strata of topology (namely, paradox) requisite for making any social link between subjects. Although less commonly known, we can nevertheless gain new insight into Marx. On the one hand, Lacan concedes Marx's underlying structuralism. On the other hand, Marx fails to see the true source of discourse's origins, the real itself, and consequently fails to see the true efficacy of discourse. He fails to see how discourse, although negative, stands as entirely positive and material in its distinctive effects. Discourse negotiates subjects and their inimitable objects of desire in this singularity itself. This is where true production lies; it is that which precedes any social or economic theory, which are otherwise premised on reality. Lacan rejects reality.


Quaerendo ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
Ina Kok

AbstractA century ago, in 1882, the art historian William Conway published the chief results of his research into the woodcuts in the incunabula of the Low Countries, in a series of articles in The Bibliographer. Two years later his book The woodcutters of the Netherlands in the fifteenth century appeared. Conway's approach is that of an art historian: he classifies the woodcuts according to their artists and then groups these together in schools. Two general surveys of this area have appeared since Conway, Delen (1924) and Schretlen (1925), both likewise written from the angle of art history. Unlike Conway, however, they make no attempt at completeness, so that even today for an overall view one has to turn to Conway. Despite the progress that has been made in the field of bibliography in our own century and the new discoveries of Netherlandic illustrated incunabula, there has so far been no new study of the subject in bibliographical terms. Work is now in progress on such an investigation at the Department of Book and Library Science at the University of Amsterdam. Besides a census of all woodcuts and the books in which they appear, the project is intended, through a study of the sorts of edition that were illustrated and the association between illustration and text, to gain an insight into the nature and function of the illustrations. Study of the technical aspects of the woodcuts is designed to provide greater insight into the practice of printing with woodcuts in the fifteenth century and the wanderings of the wood blocks from printer to printer. An extensive collection of photographic reproductions of pages with woodcuts has now been brought together, and work has started on preliminary ordering and analysis.


2005 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 436-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra L. De Groote ◽  
Josephine L. Dorsch ◽  
Scott Collard ◽  
Carol Scherrer

The purpose of this study was to determine how successfully a large academic library with multiple reference departments and subject specialties could combine virtually to create one digital reference service. Questions were coded to determine who the users of the service were, the types of questions being asked, and the subject expertise of the librarian answering the question. The study found that the majority of questions were submitted by persons affiliated with the university, that ready reference and directional questions predominated, and that the librarians were able to successfully share the duty of answering the general reference questions while ensuring that the questions requiring subject expertise were answered by the appropriate subject specialists. Analysis of the types of questions will inform future decisions regarding webpage redesign, online instruction needs, and more appropriate FAQs (frequently asked questions.)


1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Tolmacheva

European Orientalism of the 19th and 20th centuries has been the subject of a heated and vigorous debate ever since the publication of Edward Said's monograph. By contrast, the study of the early stages of academic and cultural Orientalism has been neglected. For the beginnings of Oriental studies in Europe one still largely relies on institutional histories and archival research, or even V. V. Barthold's 80-year-old study. The birth of academic Orientalism in the 17th century was occasioned by three major factors: a renewed interest in Islam, major advances in travel and exploration, and the emergence of modern approaches to science and education. Among important background developments were the decline of the perceived Arab threat followed by the rise of a very real Ottoman Turkish one, the geographical shift in hostilities from the European West to the East, and the realignment of European alliances and attitudes in the wake of the Protestant Reformation.


2018 ◽  
pp. 241-258
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Kaczor-Scheitler

The subject of the article is the analysis of 17th century meditations about the Resurrection of Christ included in the manuscript collection of the Norbertine Sisters in Zwierzyniec. The reflection covers the traditions about the triumph of the glorified Lord, the women’s visit to the Lord’s Tomb, the announcement of the Resurrection to the women, Christ offering fish to his disciples, Christ’s meeting with Mary Magdalene and the disciples on their way to Emaus. The mode of presentation of these themes emphasizes a number of dogmas and truths of faith, mostly about the Resurrection of Christ and his divine nature. It is demonstrated in the article that the Norbertine texts were based not only on Gospels, but also on apocryphal sources and emblematic representations. The deliberations clarify that the author probably intended not only to report the course of events, but first of all to give a testimony of faith, to assert the real resurrection of the crucified Christ. An insight into the issue of the Resurrection of Christ in the light of biblical tradition and Old Polish literature is also offered.


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