scholarly journals GRAFFITI FROM THE WESTERN OUTSKIRTS OF OLBIA PONTICA

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 89-103
Author(s):  
A. S. Rusiaieva ◽  
A. G. Kuzmishchev ◽  
J. Fornasier
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Preliminary Review ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Visual Study ◽  
The Future ◽  
Small Collection

This paper is preliminary review of a small collection of graffiti from the latest excavations on the western outskirts of Olbia Pontica (the so-called «suburbs») in 2015—2020, and their introduction into scientific circulation. The excavations were conducted by the Olbia International Archaeological Expedition led by A. V. Bujskikh as the part of Ukrainian-German multidisciplinary project (co-directors A. V. Bujskikh and J. Fornasier). The researches on the suburbs were headed by A. G. Kuzmischev and J. Fornasier. Over six years of research in various cultural strata and in the fillings of half-dugouts, pits and other objects more than 50 graffiti have been found, inscribed mainly on the fragments of Attic black-lacquered tableware of the 5th—4th centuries BC. Emphasis is placed on determining the main types of inscriptions and their features. Regardless of the year and location of discovery they are divided into five groups: A. Abbreviated anthroponyms or individual words; B. Initials of proper names or one-letter marks; C. Graffiti on treated ostracons; D. Various digital signs and records; E. Graffiti of unclear meaning. The collection under study significantly supplemented the source base of the small epigraphy of the Olbia polis. However, no original, rare and to some extent important informative inscriptions which were recorded in temenos, residential neighborhoods, in some settlements and in Borisfen have been found yet here. In addition the damage of many graffiti makes impossible to interpret them reliably. In no one case we could identify reliably the inscriptions dedicated to any deities. Instead, the large number of abbreviated names and initials of the owners of dishes coincides with a significant import of Attic black-lacquered ceramics in the life of the inhabitants of the suburbs in the 5th—4th centuries BC. Despite the relatively limited number, processed ostracons have replenished this category of Olbia votive finds by the original graffiti of magical significance. At the same time, the fact that in general in the suburbs is a lot of graffiti with digital markings which are most often attributed to traders, deserves special attention. Of course, in the future, all the graffiti from the suburbs need a more detailed visual study both as the fragments of ceramics and their exact professional sketches, and comparative analysis of this type of inscriptions from many ancient Greek sites.

The ancient Greek Oneirology and the Muslim Interpretation Historical Survey of Two Different Interpretations of Dreams (Oneirologi Purba Yunani dan Interpretasi Islam Dua Kajian Sejarah Interpretasi Mimpi Yang Berbeza Menerokai)

1970 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-222
Author(s):  
Ataullah Bogdan Kopanski
Keyword(s):  
Human Brain ◽  
Historical Perspective ◽  
Second Century ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Collective Unconscious ◽  
Historical Survey ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
The Future ◽  
Magnum Opus ◽  
Islamic Civilization

Abstract There is no agreement among psychologists on sources and outcomes of the dreams in human brain during sleep. Secularist scholars of Freudian school of psychoanalysis claim that human dreams reflect their highly subconscious libido. Jungian school of kollective Unbewessustes   disputes such extreme sexualized opinions and highlights the fact that rather large “collective unconscious” than sexuality is shared by representatives of all human cultures. But even without advanced studies, we can risk to believe that our dreams often predict coming events. Artemidoros Daldianus from Ephesus, the second century CE Hellenistic author of Oneirokritikon believed that dreams are human mind’s mirrors of the future. His magnum opus on the art of interpretation of dreams was translated into Arabic by famous Nestorian ophthalmologist Hunayn ibn Ishaq (Iohannitus) of Bayt al-Hikmah during the reign of Abbasid caliphs Maymun and Mutawakkil. The Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.) often interpreted his own and Sahabah’s dreams with perfect accuracy. In the Qur’an, especially in Surah 12: Yusuf, 36-37, 99-101, the dreams are vehicles of foretelling the future not only of individuals but also of whole nations and states. The paper is written from historical perspective of the Muslim interpretation of dreams which emphasizes the Islamic examination of human dreams in context of the primary sources to the ancient Greek oneiromancy, studied by the Muslim scholars in the early centuries of Islamic Civilization, and their contribution to development of modern oneirology. Keywords: Oneirology, Interpretation of Dreams, Artemidoros’ Oneirocritica, Islamic Ta‘bÊr. Abstrak Tidak ada sebarang persetujuan di kalangan ahli psikologi terhadap sumber dan hasil daripada mimpi di dalam otak manusia semasa tidur. Para sekular Sekolah Psikoanalisis Freud mendakwa bahawa mimpi manusia mencerminkan kesedaran libido. Sekolah Unbewessustes kollective Jungian pertikaikan pendapat seksual melampau tersebut dan menyerlahkan bahawa kebanyakkan kesedaran bukan daripada kesedaran libido dan didapati dalam semua budaya manusia. Tetapi walaupun tanpa kajian yang canggih, kita boleh mengambil risiko untuk mempercayai bahawa mimpi kita sering meramalkan peristiwa yang akan datang. Artemidoros Daldianus dari Efesus, pengarang Hellenistik Oneirokritikon abad kedua CE percaya bahawa mimpi mencerminkan masa depan manusia. Seni interpretasi mimpi beliau telah diterjemahkan ke dalam Bahasa Arab oleh pakar mata Nestorian terkenal Hunayn ibn Ishaq (Iohannitus) dari Bayt al-Hikmah pada zaman pemerintahan khalifah Abbasiyah Maymun dan Mutawakkil. Nabi Muhammad (s.a.w.) sering mentafsirkan mimpi sendiri dan sahabat secara tepat. Dalam Al-Qur'an, terutamanya dalam Surah 12: Yusuf, 36-37, 99-101, mimpi adalah kenderaan untuk meramalkan masa depan bukan sahaja seorang individu tetapi keseluruhan negara dan negeri. Kajian ini ditulis dari perspektif sejarah interpretasi mimpi Islam yang menekankan pemeriksaan mimpi manusia dalam Islam dalam konteks sumber utama oneiromancy purba Yunani yang dikaji oleh para ulama Islam di abad-abad awal tamadun Islam, dan sumbangan mereka kepada pembangunan oneirologi moden. Kata Kunci: Oneirologi, Interpretasi mimpi, Oneirocritica Artemidoros, Ta‘bÊr Islam.

A Comparative Study on the Noise between Floors of Apartment and Multiplex Housing

2015 ◽  
Vol 752-753 ◽  
pp. 1232-1235
Author(s):  
Ji Hun Kim ◽  
Yoon Seok Shin
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Apartment Building ◽  
Noise And Vibration ◽  
Korean Government ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Future ◽  
House Type ◽  
Almost All

Since recently almost all housing built in Korean have shared walls and floor, diverse problems are unavoidable including noise between floor arising from noise and vibration. Many efforts have been made by the Korean government, but the number of complaints related with the noise between floors has been gradually increasing. Therefore, through the field measurements by house type, the current state of noise was understood. To do this, the noise between floors was measured in an apartment household and a multiplex house to perform a comparative analysis. As the result, the differences in the noise between the two house types were clarified. The findings of this research are expected to contribute to reduction of the noise between floors in an apartment building in the future.

scholarly journals Axiological Attitudes in the Interpretation of the Rational and Irrational in the Works of Latin Apologetics Scholars

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 128-137
Author(s):  
R. R. Balandina ◽  
◽  
E. V. Kuzmina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Research Methodology ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Ancient Philosophy ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Comparative Analyses ◽  
Clear Tendency ◽  
Methodological Basis

The article aims at demonstrating significant differences in the perception of rationality and irrationality in the works of ancient Greek philosophers and philosophers of the period of Latin apologetics. The authors conducted a comparative analysis of the works of ancient and Latin philosophers. The analysis revealed that the Greeks solved the problem of the ratio of the rational and the irrational in an ontological way, while the Latins shifted the focus on the problem to the axiological dimension. The article presents the correlation of three examples of ontological orientation of pagan philosophy with three examples of axiological orientation of Latin theology of the apologetic period. The research methodology is based on the combination of historical-functional and comparative analyses. The works of N. S. Mudragey, where the validity of the use of the concepts "rational" and "irrational" in relation to ancient philosophy was proved, provided the methodological basis of the study, as well as the works of G. G. Mayorov, who actually was the first to consider Latin apologetics as a system with a clear tendency from hellenophilia to hellenophobia. The works of ancient Greek philosophers provided the theoretical basis of the study, as well as the works of Lactantius, Arnobius, Tertullian, and Minucius.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Performance of the Financial Architecture of Ukrainian Economy: Budgetary, Stock and Social Aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 386-395
Author(s):  
Viktor Melnyk ◽  
Maksym Zhytar ◽  
Roman Shchur ◽  
Nataliia Kriuchkova ◽  
Tetiana Solodzhuk
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Financial Architecture ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Eu

The article describes the scientific and methodological approach to assessing the effectiveness of the financial architecture of Ukraine's economy on the basis of recommended values of the system of indicators, determining their type, allowable intervals of values taking into account micro- and macrofinancial levels of the hierarchy. The comparative analysis of the corresponding indicators on the countries of the EU and Ukraine for 2009-2018 is presented. The future directions of dynamics of indicators of efficiency of functioning of financial architecture of economy of Ukraine are offered

scholarly journals TEMPORARY ACCESS TO DOCUMENTS CONTAINING MEDICAL CONFIDENTIALITY (CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL ASPECT)

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1032-1036
Author(s):  
Serhii Ye. Ablamskyi ◽  
Vitalii V. Romaniuk ◽  
Ruslan P. Chycha ◽  
Viktoriia V. Ablamska
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Criminal Proceedings ◽  
Medical Confidentiality ◽  
The Future ◽  
Improvement Of Legislation ◽  
Access To Documents ◽  
Procedural Aspect

The aim of the study: 1) to determine the features of temporary access to documents containing information that may be a medical confidentiality; 2) to identify legislative gaps regarding the regulation of the measure of criminal proceedings; 3) to formulate proposals for improvement of legislation in the part of the investigated issue. Materials and methods: The legal basis for the protection of information that may be a medical confidentiality is provided. Legislative provisions have been identified and analyzed, which provide for particulars of access to documents containing information that may be a medical confidentiality. It is argued that the evidence collected in violation of the procedural order of the measure of criminal proceedings is inadmissible and therefore cannot be taken into account by the court in the future. Writing the article, the authors used both general and special methods of scientific knowledge, namely: formal-legal, formal-logical, comparative analysis and logical-normative. The complex application of these methods has made it possible to formulate science-based conclusions and proposals. Conclusions: Exemption of documents containing information that may constitute medical confidentiality should be done exclusively by temporary access to them. In order to eliminate the legislative gaps of the investigated issue, it is proposed to amend the current legislation accordingly.

scholarly journals And did those hooves: Pan and the Edwardians

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Eleanor Toland
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Sexual Revolution ◽  
World War ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
World War One ◽  
Peter Pan ◽  
Major Work ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future

<p>A surprisingly high number of the novels, short stories and plays produced in Britain during the Edwardian era (defined in the terms of this thesis as the period of time between 1900 and the beginning of World War One) use the Grecian deity Pan, god of shepherds, as a literary motif. Writers as diverse as Somerset Maugham, E.M. Forster, Frances Hodgson Burnett and G.K. Chesterton made Pan a fictional character or alluded to the god of shepherds in more subtle ways. The mystery of why the Edwardians used an ancient Greek god as a symbol requires a profound interrogation of the early twentieth century British soul. The Edwardian era was a narrow corridor of time between the Victorian age and the birth of modernism with the First World War, a period characterised by vast social and political transition, as a generation began to comprehend change they equally feared and desired. Pan was an equivocal figure: easily portrayed as satanic due to his horns and goatish nature, but as the kindly god of shepherds, also a Christ-like figure. Such ambiguity made Pan an ideal symbol for an age unsure of itself and its future. Writers like Maugham and Machen, afraid of social and sexual revolution, portrayed Pan as diabolical, a tempter and a rapist. E.M. Forster, a homosexual man hopeful about the possibility of change, made Pan a terrifying but ultimately liberating figure for those ready to accept the freedom he represented. Kenneth Grahame, desiring the return of a Luddite, Arcadian past that had never truly existed, wrote of Pan as Jesus on the riverbank, sheltering the lost and giving mystic visions to the worthy. Pan represented a simultaneous craving in the Edwardians to flee to the past and to embrace the future, an idealism of the primitive coupled with hope for the future. What he also symbolized was anxiety about the future and the desire to not return to the horrors of the past, fears of the primitive suggested in the nightmarish atavism of Saki’s “The Music on the Hill” and the fears of what society might become expressed in Forster’s “The Machine Stops”. The Edwardian Pan eventually reached its culmination in J.M. Barrie’s twentieth-century fairy tale Peter Pan, in which the eponymous character, seeming at first so different from the ancient Greek mythological figure, became an embodiment of everything the Edwardian Pan phenomenon represented. With the nightmarish yet fascinating figure of Peter Pan, the Edwardians had created a new Pan, reborn for their age. With the beginning of World War One, the Pan figure would begin to fade into insignificance, with only one major work later published which could justifiably be called part of the phenomenon; Lord Dunsany’s The Blessing of Pan, a fitting elegy for the Edwardian Age.</p>

scholarly journals Miloš Zeman and Andrzej Duda – reinventing image for election campaign purposes

Bohemistyka ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Rusin Dybalska ◽  
Agnieszka Budzyńska-Daca ◽  
Tomasz Rawski
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Communication Channels ◽  
Presidential Campaign ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Election Campaign ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Image Communication ◽  
Common Features ◽  
The Future ◽  
Cultural Sphere

The aim of this paper is to present a comparative analysis of selected elements of strategies for building political image of Miloš Zeman and Andrzej Duda, applied in the presidential campaign in Poland and Czechia in 2013 and 2015. The paper presents not only basic information about both campaigns, but primarily points to a number of common features, such as main motifs (history, family, the future), the target group and its image, communication channels, all used in both strategies for communicating with voters, despite different PR and cultural sphere of application.

scholarly journals The quality of contemporary records made by handwriting. Comparative analysis over the period of nineteen years

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 115-126
Author(s):  
Iwona Zieniewicz
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Judicial Practice ◽  
The Future

Handwriting is a method to express and preserve thoughts by means of graphic signs. In the investigative and judicial practice, it is treated as an individual creation used for identification purposes in case of doubts over the authenticity of a written record. Nowadays, however, writing by hand is not the only way of conveying information, which results in moving away from this traditional method in favour of modern solutions. In the future, this tendency may limit the possibility to identify the author of a record on the basis of a handwritten record. Therefore, the purpose of this publication is to check whether contemporary handwritings show any signs of deterioration in the quality of handwritten records.

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