FEATURES OF THE DYNAMICS OF THE INCIDENCE OF ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA AMONG CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-223
Author(s):  
I. Bagirov
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Young People ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Main Trend ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Clinical Protocols ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Age Related

Objective of the study: to assess the age-related dynamics of the incidences of ALL among children and young people in Azerbaijan during 1998-2014 years. Materials and methods of the study. Study has been held on the basis of the Azerbaijan Scientific and Research Institute of Haematology and Transfusiology named after B.A.Eyvazov where has been concentrated services of treatment and registration of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. All patients under age of 30 years, determined during 1998-2014 years, have been observed. Diagnosis of ALL was confirmed in accordance with the program of the examinations, provided in the clinical protocols. Achieved results. In all periods of observation the highest value of the incidence of ALL in the 0-4 age group, which changed within the interval of 2,5 till 6,2In 5-9 years group morbidity rate of ALL varies within relatively narrow range: from 1,1 till 3,5. During 1998-2014 years in 10-14 years group morbidity rate of ALL also varies within relatively narrow range. Conclusions: The main trend of morbidity with ALL for all age groups is the tendency of increasing during 1998-2014 years.

Strategies to Prevent and Manage Thrombotic Complications of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children and Young People Vary Between Centers in the United Kingdom

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tina T. Biss ◽  
Jeanette H. Payne ◽  
Rachael E. Hough ◽  
John D. Grainger ◽  
Christine Macartney ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Young People ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
Leukemia In Children

L-Asparaginase and the effect of age on coagulation and fibrinolysis in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

2008 ◽  
Vol 100 (08) ◽  
pp. 330-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim C. J. Hop ◽  
Carla van Kessel-Bakvis ◽  
Rolinda Stigter ◽  
Rob Pieters ◽  
Inge M. Appel
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Thrombin Generation ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clot Lysis ◽  
Induction Treatment ◽  
Induction Phase ◽  
Activation Markers ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Coagulation And Fibrinolysis

SummaryAlterations in haemostasis are frequently observed in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It was the objective of this study to analyse age-related disturbances in coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters during the induction phase of the anti-leukemic treatment. Sixty-four children were classified by age into three groups (1–5, 6–10, 11–16 years), and studied during induction treatment of ALL including four weeks of dexamethasone, followed by two weeks tapering of dexamethasone during which 6,000 IU/m2 native L-Asparaginase (total 4 doses) was administered intravenously twice weekly. Blood samples were collected immediately before each L-Asparaginase infusion to analyze procoagulant (fibrinogen, factor [F] II, FV, FVII, F IX, F X) and anticoagulant factors (antithrombin [AT], protein C, protein S), parameters of thrombin generation (F1+2, TAT) and fibrinolysis (α2-antiplasmin, plasminogen, PA P , D-dimer). Children were in a hypercoagulable state after four weeks of dexamethasone due to upregulation of coagulation parameters. Upregulation was highest in the two youngest age groups. During L-Asparaginase treatment the 11– to 16-year- olds showed lower values in procoagulant and, even more, in anticoagulant factor levels compared to the younger children. Activation markers of thrombin generation and fibrinolysis did not change over time during the study period. Decreased synthesis of α2-antiplasmin and plasminogen during L-Asparaginase treatment resulted in less potential of clot lysis by plasmin in children older than 11 years of age. In conclusion, a more severe decline of anticoagulant and fibrinolytic parameters in children between 11 and 16 years of age underline that these children are at higher risk of thrombosis during ALL induction treatment.

scholarly journals Visual Attention and Aging: an Age-Related Cognitive Model of Positive Adaptation

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-191
Author(s):  
José Manuel Rodríguez-Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Visual Attention ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cognitive Model ◽  
Covert Attention ◽  
Positive Adaptation ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Healthy Young People

We have studied the effects of normal aging on visual attention. Have participated a group of 38 healthy elderly people with an average age of 67.8 years and a group of 39 healthy young people with average age of 19.2 years. In a first experiment of visual detection, response times were recorded, with and without covert attention, to the presentation of stimuli (0.5º in diameter grey circles) appearing in three eccentricities (2.15, 3.83 and 5.53° of visual field) and with three levels of contrast (6, 16 and 78%). In a second experiment of visual form discrimination circles and squares with the same features as in the previous experiment were presented, but in this case subjects only should respond to the emergence of the circles. In both age groups, the covert attention reduced response times. Compared to young people, the older group achieved better results in some aspects of attention tests and response times were reduced more in the stimuli of greater eccentricity. The data suggest that there is a mechanism of adaptation in aging, in which visual attention especially favors the perception of those stimuli more difficult to detec

scholarly journals Family history of early onset acute lymphoblastic leukemia is suggesting genetic associations

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinjun Li ◽  
Kristina Sundquist ◽  
Jan Sundquist ◽  
Asta Försti ◽  
Kari Hemminki
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Prostate Cancers

AbstractChildhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has an origin in the fetal period which may distinguish it from ALL diagnosed later in life. We wanted to test whether familial risks differ in ALL diagnosed in the very early childhood from ALL diagnosed later. The Swedish nation-wide family-cancer data were used until year 2016 to calculate standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for familial risks in ALL in three diagnostic age-groups: 0–4, 5–34 and 35 + years. Among 1335 ALL patients diagnosed before age 5, familial risks were increased for esophageal (4.78), breast (1.42), prostate (1.40) and connective tissue (2.97) cancers and leukemia (2.51, ALL 7.81). In age-group 5–34 years, rectal (1.73) and endometrial (2.40) cancer, myeloma (2.25) and leukemia (2.00, ALL 4.60) reached statistical significance. In the oldest age-group, the only association was with Hodgkin lymphoma (3.42). Diagnostic ages of family members of ALL patients were significantly lower compared to these cancers in the population for breast, prostate and rectal cancers. The patterns of increased familial cancers suggest that BRCA2 mutations could contribute to associations of ALL with breast and prostate cancers, and mismatch gene PMS2 mutations with rectal and endometrial cancers. Future DNA sequencing data will be a test for these familial predictions.

Thinking about ethnicity and gender diversity in children and young people

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nastasja M de Graaf ◽  
Ilham I Manjra ◽  
Anna Hames ◽  
Claudia Zitz
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Identity Development ◽  
Gender Identity ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Ethnicity Data

Background: Little is known about how social and cultural variants interact with gender identity development. This article aims to identify the ethnicities of children and young people referred to the United Kingdom’s national Gender Identity Development Service (GIDS), and compare the ethnicity data with the UK child population and referrals to Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS). Methods: GIDS referrals made between April 2012 and April 2015 for children and young people were retrieved. Ethnicity data were obtained by the ‘16 + 1’ ethnicity list. Chi-square and t-tests were performed on the demographics. Results: Less than 10% of the 995 referrals at GIDS were from Black and minority ethnic (BME) groups – an underrepresentation as compared with both the national population and CAMHS figures. No significant differences in ethnic representation were found between the demographic birth-assigned sexes, across age groups, or year of referral. Conclusions: Hypotheses proposed for this underrepresentation take into account both the potential barriers to accessing services and the possibility of cross-cultural variations in the conceptualisations of gender, gender roles and gender diversity. Ethnicity, culture and religion, and their overlapping relationship with gender need further exploration.

scholarly journals The Life Skills Assessment Scale: Norms for young people aged 17–19 and 20–22 years

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
David Pearson ◽  
Fiona Kennedy ◽  
Vishal Talreja ◽  
Suchetha Bhat ◽  
Katherine Newman-Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Life Skills ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Assessment Scale ◽  
Skills Assessment ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Age Norms ◽  
Disadvantaged Children

Severe poverty, adversity, and malnutrition have irrefutable negative effects on the development and mental health of children and young people. The Life Skills Assessment Scale (LSAS), is a 5-item impact assessment scale developed in India, that provides a simple, yet valid and reliable, instrument to assess life skills of disadvantaged children and young people, with age norms of 8–16 years. In the present study, in Bengaluru, India, we used observational data obtained from 656 disadvantaged young people to extend the LSAS age norms to 17–19 and 20–22 years age groups, resulting in a simple, valid, and reliable assessment tool for children and young people aged from 8 to 22 years.

scholarly journals Age-related gait standards for healthy children and young people: the GOS-ICH paediatric gait centiles

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (8) ◽  
pp. 755-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy M. Alderson ◽  
Sandra X Joksaite ◽  
Jennifer Kemp ◽  
Eleanor Main ◽  
Tim Watson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Double Support ◽  
Age Related ◽  
History Of ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Base Of Support

ObjectiveTo develop paediatric gait standards in healthy children and young people.MethodsThis observational study aims to address the lack of population standards for gait measurements in children. Analysing gait in children affected by neurological or musculoskeletal conditions is an important component of paediatric assessment but is often confounded by developmental changes. The standards presented here do not require clinician expertise to interpret and offer an alternative to developmental tables of normalised gait data. Healthy children aged 1–19 years were recruited from community settings in London and Hertfordshire, UK. The GAITRite walkway was used to record measurements for each child for velocity, cadence, step length, base of support and stance, single and double support (as percentage of gait cycle). We fitted generalised linear additive models for location, scale and shape (gamlss).ResultsWe constructed percentile charts for seven gait variables measured on 624 (321 males) contemporary healthy children using a gamlss package in R. A clinical application of gait standards was explored.ConclusionAge-related, gender-specific standards for seven gait variables were developed and are presented here. They have a familiar format and can be used clinically to aid diagnoses and to monitor change over time for both medical therapy and natural history of the condition. The clinical example demonstrates the potential of the Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health Paediatric Gait Centiles to enable meaningful interpretation of change in an individual’s performance and describes characteristic features of gait from a specific population throughout childhood.

Improvement in survival in younger patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia from the 1980s to the early 21st century

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 113 (7) ◽  
pp. 1408-1411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dianne Pulte ◽  
Adam Gondos ◽  
Hermann Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Relative Survival ◽  
The United States ◽  
Period Analysis ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Improvement In Survival ◽  
Difficult Issue

Abstract Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is an uncommon but highly fatal disease in adults. We used period analysis to data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to disclose changes in outcomes for patients diagnosed with ALL in the United States in the 2 decades between 1980–1984 and 2000–2004. Major improvement in survival was observed for patients less than 60 years of age. Improvement in survival was greater for women than for men, but was significant for both genders. The greatest improvement was seen in patients aged 15 to 19, in whom 5-year relative survival improved from 41.0% to 61.1%, and 10-year survival improved from 33.0% to 60.4%. Lesser but significant improvements were seen for age groups 20–29, 30–44, and 45–59. Survival for patients aged 60 and over remained essentially unchanged at levels around or below 10%, respectively. Survival has improved for patients with ALL over the time period studied, but treatment of older patients remains a difficult issue.

Clinical features and outcome of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in patients older than 9 years: A single center experience of 241 cases from AIIMS, New Delhi, India.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7082-7082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atul Sharma ◽  
Sunu Lazar Cyriac ◽  
Siddharth Kumar Sahai ◽  
Sameer Bakhshi ◽  
Ritu Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Lymphoblastic Leukemia ◽  
Philadelphia Chromosome ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Outcome Analysis ◽  
Total Leucocyte Count ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

7082 Background: Data on B cell Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the poor prognostic age group of > 9 years from India is minimal. Methods: This is an analysis of patients of above 9 years that were diagnosed and treated from January 2000 to December 2010 at a single institute . All patients who completed at least 4 weeks of induction therapy were analysed for various outcomes. Results: Of the 241 newly registered patients, the median age was 19 years (Range 10-78 years) with an M:F ratio of 1.9:1. Out of this 47%, 25% & 28% patients belonged to 10-18, 19-30 & > 31 years age group respectively. Twenty seven (11.6%) and 5(2%) had CSF and testicular involvement respectively. Thirty nine per cent had a total leucocyte count (TLC) of above 30x109/L. Philadelphia chromosome (Ph) positivity was seen in 27% and was equally distributed among the different age groups. Patients available for outcome analysis were 213(88.4%). Complete remission rate (CRR) was 66.6% and induction mortality was 26.3%.At a median follow up of 65.8 months 5 year leukemia free survival was 30.5%. Seventy eight (55%) patients relapsed (median relapse time of 13.5 months, range 1.7 to 53.4 months) , 55% during maintenance phase. The 5 year overall survival (OS) was 30.3% with a median OS of 15.8 months. The OS was similar in 10-18 and 19-30 age groups (5 year OS 35% vs. 27.5%, p=0.641) but it was significantly lower in >31 years (5year OS 21%, p=0.008). Apart from this, extramedullary disease, not attaining a CR in 1st induction, albumin at presentation below 3.5gm% and TLC of >100x109/L were significant poor prognostic markers for survival. Conclusions: This is a large study of B-ALL outcomes in patients above 9 years from a single center in India. Patients above 30 years had a worse prognosis while the prognosis of 10-18 and 19-30 years age group were similar. Induction mortality was higher mainly because of advanced disease and poor performance status at presentation.

scholarly journals How many children and young people with life-limiting conditions are clinically unstable? A national data linkage study

2016 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Jarvis ◽  
Roger C Parslow ◽  
Pat Carragher ◽  
Bryony Beresford ◽  
Lorna K Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Linkage Study ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Healthcare Data ◽  
Paediatric Palliative Care ◽  
National Cohort

ObjectiveTo determine the clinical stage (stable, unstable, deteriorating or dying) for children and young people (CYP) aged 0–25 years in Scotland with life-limiting conditions (LLCs).DesignNational cohort of CYP with LLCs using linked routinely collected healthcare data.SettingScotland.Patients20 436 CYP identified as having LLCs and resident in Scotland between 1 April 2009 and 31 March 2014.Main outcomeClinical stage based on emergency inpatient and intensive care unit admissions and date of death.ResultsOver 2200 CYP with LLCs in Scotland were unstable, deteriorating or dying in each year. Compared with 1-year-olds to 5-year-olds, children under 1 year of age had the highest risk of instability (OR 6.4, 95% CI 5.7 to 7.1); all older age groups had lower risk. Girls were more likely to be unstable than boys (OR 1.15, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.24). CYP of South Asian (OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.28 to 2.01), Black (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.04 to 2.41) and Other (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.74) ethnicity were more likely to experience instability than White CYP. Deprivation was not a significant predictor of instability. Compared with congenital abnormalities, CYP with most other primary diagnoses had a higher risk of instability; only CYP with a primary perinatal diagnosis had significantly lower risk (OR 0.23, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.29).ConclusionsThe large number of CYP with LLCs who are unstable, deteriorating or dying may benefit from input from specialist paediatric palliative care. The age group under 1 and CYP of South Asian, Black and Other ethnicities should be priority groups.

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