The sources of groundwater contamination in Sumgaitchay-Shabranchay interfluv area

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
S.Sh. Salahov ◽  
◽  
U.S. Salahova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Contamination ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Groundwater Depth ◽  
Hydrocarbon Migration ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Gas Recovery ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Lithological Composition ◽  
Oil Gas ◽  
Main Factor

As a result of researches conducted in Precaspian zone in Sumgaitchay-Shabranchay interfluve area, intensive swamping process has been revealed. Hydrocarbon migration to the groundwater occurs during the oil-gas recovery processes in Siazan area. The geological-ecological conditions are different in various (Chandagar-Zarat, Siazan-Nardaran, Saadan-Amirkhanly, Zaghli-Zeyva) zones. The main factor here is oil. Moreover, it is necessary to consider the geological structure of the area, lithological composition of the rocks, groundwater depth, as well as their dynamics and other parameters. Due to the farm operations in Shabran area the groundwater are contaminated with peptisides. Baku-Novorossiysk northern oil pipeline passing through Sumgaitchay-Shabranchay area still remains main hazard in groundwater contamination. All mentioned above shows that the monitoring works for the groundwater in the area are necessary.

scholarly journals GEOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF SOILS AND RICE YIELD IN THE ILI RIVER BASIN

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (443) ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Rau Alexey, ◽  
◽  
Kadasheva Zhanar, ◽  
Rau Genadiy, ◽  
Anuarbekov Kanat, ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Rice Paddies ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Aeration Zone ◽  
Irrigation Period ◽  
River Terraces ◽  
Rice Irrigation ◽  
Lithological Composition

Rice irrigation systems in Kazakhstan are located on river terraces and levees of the Syr Darya, Ile, and Karatal rivers’ basins. The geological structure and lithological composition of soils in the aeration zone is characterized by a wide variety, differing in soil fertility, mechanical composition, water and physical properties, water availability and salinity. Alluvial-meadow and takyr soils consist of light and heavy loam, sandy loam, and clay [1,2,3]. Melioration errors of the rice irrigation systems, built in the period from 60s to 80s of the last century, can be described by the fact that the Kubanskaya rice sowing map was built on all soils of river terraces and river banks, with the same parameters of irrigation and drainage, with the share of rice 57.5% and 63% [4]. At the rice irrigation systems, where the geological structure and lithological composition of the aeration zone soils correspond to the irrigation and drainage parameters of the Kubanskaya rice sowing map, the soil fertility and ameliorative status of irrigated land has remained high for many decades. The salt content in the 100 cm soil layer is 0.3-0.4%; in the autumn-winter period ground water is at a depth of 2.0-2.5 m, its mineralization is 5-7 g/l. During the rice irrigation period, ground water does not connect with the water of rice paddies, and the filtration of water from rice paddies is permitted and comprises 12 – 17 mm/day. Rice is grown without flow and discharge of water from rice paddies, the irrigation rate is 21,400 m3/ha, and the yield is 5.2 t/ha. At the rice irrigation systems, where the geological structure and lithological composition of the soil in the aeration zone does not correspond to the irrigation and drainage parameters of the Kubanskaya rice sowing map, the land is saline. During the rice irrigation period, the ground water connects with the water on the rice paddies. On these paddies, due to the convective diffusion of salts from the soil and from ground water, water salinity increases and reaches the critical threshold of toxicity of 2.5 g/l [5]. It is necessary to discharge water to reduce the salinity of water on the rice paddies, which is followed by flooding of water from the irrigation channel. The irrigation rate is 23,500 m3/ha, and the yield is 4.7 t/ha.

scholarly journals Section types and oil prospects of the Bazhenov Formation in the Nadym-Ob interfluve

Georesursy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 2-11
Author(s):  
Mikhail A. Fomin ◽  
Rashid M. Saitov
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Void Space ◽  
Bazhenov Formation ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Deep Wells ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Oil Source ◽  
Lithological Composition ◽  
Nenets Autonomous

The article presents the results of studying the geological structure of the Bazhenov Formation in the Nadym-Ob interfluve of Western Siberia with the aim of predicting the oil content of this black shale stratum. As a result of interpretation of a wide range of well logging represented by electric, radioactive and acoustic logging, with subsequent matching of these results with paleontological definitions of micro- and macrofauna, the distribution of the Salym, Nizhnevartovsky and Tarkosalinsky types of sections of the Bazhenov Formation was clarified, transitional areas between them were identified. It has been established that the Tarkosalinsky type is more widespread in the western direction than was shown earlier and is also distinguished in the Vengayakhinskaya, Yaraynerskaya and other areas. The Nizhnevartovsky type, on the contrary, has a narrower distribution and stands out directly within the same name arc and to the south by the Variegasky-Tagrinsky megahigh. On the basis of geological, geochemical, geophysical criteria and the results of an inflow test in deep wells, a map of the oil potential prospects of the “classical” sections of the Bazhenov Formation has been compiled. Regional prerequisites (high catagenesis of organic matter, significant modern concentrations of organic carbon, etc.) for the discovery of industrial accumulations of oil in the Bazhenov Formation in the southern regions of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area are identified. The results of the test for the inflow of the Bazhenov Formation in this area in the 70–90s XX century were analyzed; repeated, interval testing of these deposits using modern methods of stimulation of the inflow is recommended. The necessity of laboratory lithological, petrophysical, geochemical study of the core of the Bazhenov Formation in the southern part of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area is substantiated with the aim of determining its lithological composition, identifying oil source and oil productive intervals, studying the reservoir structure and the nature of saturation of its void space, developing recommendations for calculating oil reserves and creating technology for its cost-effective production.

Selection of Oil Gas Recovery Projects in Oil Depot Based on Grey Matter Element Analysis

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 1930-1933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Gang Zhao ◽  
Yi Zhou ◽  
Jie Zheng ◽  
De Peng Gao ◽  
Lixin Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Grey Matter ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Grey System Theory ◽  
Grey System ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Gas Recovery ◽  
Matter Element Analysis ◽  
Oil Gas ◽  
Selection Of

With the rapid development of petroleum industry in China, it is an urgent to recover the oil gas generated in storage and transportation. In order to save the investment and to improve the recycling efficiency, this paper introduces Grey Matter Element Analysis (GMEA) to scientifically and rationally choose form the recovery projects. GMEA is the organic combination of Grey System Theory and Matter Element Theory, and it is applied to the selection of oil gas recovery projects. Though its application in the No.601 oil depot in Chongqing, China, it shows that it is rapid, simple and practical. Therefore, it can find further applications for optimization and decision-making in other relative fields.

scholarly journals GEOTECHNICAL CONDITIONS FOR CREATION OF THE VERTICAL SHAFT FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF OIL PIPELINE FROM TERMINAL BROD TO CROATIAN BORDER ON SAVA RIVER

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (13) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nedjo Djurić ◽  
Petar Mitrović
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Vertical Shaft ◽  
Border Line ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Supporting Structure ◽  
Sava River ◽  
The Sava River

Reconstruction of share in an existing corridor of Terminal Brod to the Croatian border on the SavaRiver is part of the corridor, which continues to go across the river to Slavonski Brod. The existingcorridor will be replaced on a part of Sava River, where is planned a production of a tunnel with twovertical shafts on the banks of the river. Research in the field of the shafts and tunnels are divided intwo parts considering the border line between the countries Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia. Onthe right bank of the Sava River researches were conducted in the development of the vertical shaft.The complexity of the geological structure and the proximity of of the Sava River require thedevelopment of the vertical shaft from the supporting structure of reinforced concrete (RC) midriffs.Also, the flow of water into the shaft is largely expected from its bottom, which requires manufacturing

scholarly journals Physical and mechanical properties of the rocks of the Starobinsky deposit forming the Third potash layer and its roof

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 484-494
Author(s):  
A. B. Petrovsky ◽  
V. Ya. Prushak ◽  
E. A. Lutovich
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
The Third ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Mining Conditions ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Roof Falling ◽  
Main Factor

The geological structure and the physical-mechanical properties of rocks composing and overlapping the Third potash formation in the areas of the mine field mine No. 4 JSC Belaruskali, which are scheduled to practice, are studied. The geological sections of the Third potash layer and its roof were built, the thickness of sylvinite and halite layers was measured, the roof falling of the rocks of the layer with a height of up to 20 m was assessed, and the type of immediate roof was determined by the composition and structure of its constituent rocks. It was established that the strength under uniaxial compression of both sylvinite and halite layers for the areas under consideration differs slightly. Therefore, to solve engineering problems of ensuring the stability of mine workings and to calculate fastening parameters, strength values averaged over the groups of layers can be used that correlate well with the percentage of weak and clay interlayers. The same applies to Poisson’s ratio, the values of which for various layers of formation are slightly different and can be taken by their averaging. It is shown that the main factor that negatively affects the strength of rocks occurring in the roof of the Third potash seam is the presence of weak and clay interlayers, which increases with depth. The introduction of the obtained results allows us to improve the calculation accuracy of securing mining parameters, to reduce the costs of their maintenance, and to improve the safety of mining operations in developing the Third potash formation in complex geological and mining conditions.

scholarly journals AGRO ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF DARK GREY SOIL IN IMERETI REGION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROZA LORTKIPANIDZE
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eocene ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
Forest Zone ◽  
Clay Shales ◽  
Tectonic Processes ◽  
Humus Accumulation ◽  
Lithological Composition

Georgia, in particular, the dark grey soils of the middle belt of the Imereti mountain-forest zone are widespread. This soil is of bioclimatic type which analogues are found in many regions of the world forest zone and are formed in geographical and landscape conditions similar to Georgia. According to the vertical zoning, forest dark grey soils are spread from 600-900 meters above sea level to 2000-2100 meters. In Imereti, in the lower zone of the distribution of these soils, they border the yellow and red soils, and in the upper zone, the subalpine soils of the mountain-meadow.They, like the relief of the territory of all mountainous countries, the relief strip of forest dark grey soils in Imereti is very difficult in relief. It is fragmented, which in turn is related to the geological structure, lithological composition of rocks, tectonic processes, erosion-denudation occurrences and more.The thickness of the soil changes with the inclination of the slope, gravel, properties, the greater the slope, the less soil moisture, the slower the soil is washed away, and the dryness of the soil is known to be unfavorable for the plant. Under these conditions, a very small amount of humus-accumulation horizon is formed, which is unsatisfactory in terms of soil protection importance and fertility. At the same time it is noteworthy that the soils of the southern exposure are hotter than those of the north.Dark grey soils are developed on the Tertiary and post-Tertiary sandstones, clays and their overcrop products in the southern Imereti region, which includes the northern slopes of the Meskheti Range, within the Zestafoni, Bagdati, Samtredia, Vani districts. Soil-forming rocks are Lower and Middle Eocene sandstones, marls, clay-shales, erupted (andesites, tuffs) rocks.These soils are developed under broadleaf (hornbeam, chestnut, oak) and deciduous-coniferous forest cover.Sandy soils are spread in Khoni, Baghdati, Vani, Tkibuli, Chiatura, Kharagauli, Imereti region.

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