scholarly journals POÈME : la POïesis à l’Ère de la MÉtamorphose // POÈME: La POiesis en la Era de la MEtamorfosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-163
Author(s):  
Clara Breteau
Keyword(s):  
Literary Texts ◽  
Nous Proposons ◽  
De Re ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Vie Quotidienne ◽  
Human Habitat ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physical Shape ◽  
Living Nature

Résumé        En nous appuyant sur une reconstitution de l’histoire de la notion de poïesis et notamment sur ses mobilisations dans des domaines extra-littéraires, nous dégageons dans cet article son potentiel pour être réinvestie comme désignant un certain type de faire ouvert au hasard et au vivant, se déployant aussi bien dans le medium naturel que dans le medium de la langue. Nous proposons alors de re-sonder à l’aune de son instrument une série de lieux de vie autonomes étudiés pendant une enquête terrain de quatre mois, de mai à septembre 2015. Comme nous le montrerons, la poïesis s’avère particulièrement utile pour observer dans ces habitats au métabolisme réinscrit dans la nature vivante des productions faisant figures de véritables « nexus » ou enchevêtrements entre matière et signification. Ceux-ci donnent corps à une « habitation poétique du monde » observable non plus dans les textes mais au cœur de la vie quotidienne, appelant en filigrane à élargir le domaine de l’écocritique et à se ressaisir de sa dimension profondément politique. Abstract      This article starts with a survey reconstructing the history of the notion of poiesis, with a specific emphasis on the way it has been used in various fields outside literature. This survey brings out that the potential of poiesis to be both understood and dwelled in anew as a type of making open to randomness and that organically unfurls together with the unpredictability of the living, as well as a kind of fashioning that unfolds equally in natural processes and those of human language. In this very light, the article then goes on to probe into the poiesis characterizing a series of sustainable alternative dwellings which were studied over a four-month period of fieldwork, from May to September 2015. Within those human habitats organically built up and encapsulated again within living nature, poiesis proves particularly useful when examining the production of designs and artefacts which entangle matter and meaning in a genuine ‟nexus.” Such designs and artefacts, it is argued here, give physical shape to a ‟poetic inhabiting of the world” no longer limited to literary texts only, but also unfolding at the very heart of everyday life. In connection with these sustainable forms of human habitat, and even beyond, this article sheds new light on the very embodied, and therefore political, nature of language and the imagination. Resumen      Este artículo comienza con una estudio que reconstruye la historia de la noción de poiesis, con un énfasis específico en la forma en que esta se ha utilizado en diversos campos ajenos a la literatura. Este estudio revela que el potencial de la poiesis debe ser entendido y reinstaurado como un modo de « hacer » abierto al azar y que se despliega orgánicamente junto con la imprevisibilidad de la vida, así como un modo de diseño que se desarrolla igualmente en procesos naturales y del lenguaje humano. En este mismo sentido, el artículo continúa investigando la poiesis que caracteriza una serie de viviendas ecológicas alternativas y sostenibles que se estudiaron durante un período de cuatro meses de trabajo de campo, de mayo a septiembre de 2015. Dentro de esos hábitats humanos construidos orgánicamente y encapsulados nuevamente dentro de la naturaleza viva, la poiesis es especialmente útil al examinar la producción de diseños y artefactos que entremezclan la materia y el significado en un « nexo » genuino. Tales diseños y artefactos, se argumenta aquí, dan forma física a un « vivencia poética del mundo » que ya no se limita a los textos literarios, sino que también se desarrolla en el corazón de la vida cotidiana. En relación a las formas sostenibles de hábitat humano y no-humano, este artículo arroja nueva luz sobre la naturaleza, encarnación, y por lo tanto idioma político, del lenguaje y la imaginación.

The Non-identical World

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-162
Author(s):  
Sean Cubitt
Keyword(s):  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Source Code ◽  
Central Character ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Downtown Area ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Critical Process ◽  
Brain In A Vat

There exists a powerful fantasy that the world is not only describable in numbers but is composed of code, in which case the world-as-code can be rewritten. This theme has already emerged in the analyses of Oblivion and Déjà Vu, and is shared by a group of what are here named as ‘irreality’ films made during the global financial crisis. Source Code (Duncan Jones, 2011) dwells on the fate of a protagonist who is the archetypal brain in a vat, another posthumous central character. The analysis draws out the historical formation of subjectivity and the history of the instincts that tie human personality to natural processes, discusses the utopian potential of the performative principles of software, reveals how, in a critical process shot, this utopianism is directed simultaneously towards the construction of community and of the romantic couple, and how these relate to the invisibility, in the repeated shots of the Chicago skyline, of the futures market housed in its downtown area.

The Oxford Handbook of Papyrology

2011 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Near Eastern ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ancient Documents ◽  
International Experts

Thousands of texts, written over a period of three thousand years on papyri and potsherds, in Egyptian, Greek, Latin, Aramaic, Hebrew, Persian, and other languages, have transformed our knowledge of many aspects of life in the ancient Mediterranean and Near Eastern worlds. This book provides an introduction to the world of these ancient documents and literary texts, ranging from the raw materials of writing to the languages used, from the history of papyrology to its future, and from practical help in reading papyri to frank opinions about the nature of the work of papyrologists. It takes account of the important changes experienced by the discipline, especially within the last thirty years. The book includes work by twenty-seven international experts and more than one hundred illustrations.

Surface

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiamin Kwa
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Film Studies ◽  
Decorative Arts ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Graphic Narratives ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Digital Stories ◽  
History Of Architecture

Thinking about surface and its historiography in the early 21st century is a way of thinking about ways of seeing in the world, and how people define themselves in relation to the things around them. From literary texts to the decorative arts, from graphic narratives to digital stories, and from film to the textile arts, the ways of reading those texts frequently raise questions about interactions with surfaces. Theories of surface have been engaged in many ways since their invocation by French theorists in the final decades of the twentieth century. They have a steady but by no means identical presence in the field of visual studies, history of architecture, and film studies; they have found an application in discussions of race and identity; they have enjoyed an early 21st century turn in the spotlight under the auspices of a broadly defined call for a “surface reading.” This critical move defines surface as worthy of scrutiny in its own right, rather than as something that needs to be “seen through,” and makes its most profound claims less by reactivating attention to reading surfaces, which arguably has been done all along, but by a shifting away from a model of interpretation that makes claims for authoritative symptomatic readings by an all-knowing interpreter.

scholarly journals IUCN, National Parks, and Protected Areas: Priorities for Action

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey A. McNeely ◽  
Kenton R. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Human Habitat ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
The World ◽  
Major Turning Point ◽  
History Of

In order to ensure that the full range of species and natural ecosystems continue to form part of the human habitat, national parks and other types of protected areas must be better designed and managed than is usually the case at present. While IUCN has a long history of involvement in protected areas, often in cooperation with UNESCO, the World Wildlife Fund, and UNEP, the World National Parks Congress (held in Bali, Indonesia, during 11–22 October 1982) marked a major turning-point in promoting protected areas as part of the social and economic development process. In this approach, the Congress provided ways and means for the philosophy of the World Conservation Strategy (1980) to be put into action on the ground.

scholarly journals MODERN GEORGIAN COMPARATIVE STUDIES: DIRECTIONS OF RESEARCH, MAIN ISSUES

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-36
Author(s):  
Liudmyla Hrytsyk ◽  
Ivane Mchedeladze
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
National Literature ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Material Research ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theory Of Literature

Taking into account the factual material, research methods, and tasks, the authors trace the evolution/changes in Georgian comparative studies. It is notable that typological approaches, along with contact-genetic ones, are now actively used. These changes become firmly established due to the studies of iconic figures and periods, which attract the special attention of the scholars. Eurocentric concepts give place to other ones that have their basis in the study of the national literature and include philosophical, anthropological, psychological, and religious factors in the field of research. A lot of attention has been given to the principles of selecting literary texts for translation. The field of Georgian comparative studies has been remarkably changed/updated in the late 20th — early 21st centuries. Along with historians of literature, the theorists, critics, translators, and specialists in European and Oriental languages have been involved, which affected the level of comparative studies. Among the raised issues are reception, imagology, typology of anti-colonial narratives, genre transformations, postmodern discourse, etc. The character of Georgian-Ukrainian comparative studies changed drastically: it is obvious in the approaches/assessments of literary translation and in all connecting issues in general. Comparative studies came as close as possible to the theory of literature, which let the researchers (R. Khvedelidze, N. Naskidashvili, S. Chkhatarashvili, I. Mchedeladze) update the methodology and intensify their work on the diff erent levels of research, regardless of the presence/absence of contexts. The present surge in Georgian comparative studies started in the 2010s. It is connected to the organization of effective specialized research centers. Of great interest are the comparative studies aiming to show the history of Georgian literature as an individual version of the world literature (I. Ratiani), to identify the features of the Georgian literary canon based on the three main literary models (Middle Ages, Romanticism, post-Soviet), with a focus on the combination of ‘canonical’ and ‘non-canonical’ in innovative writing.

scholarly journals Anthropologie fictionnelle et anthropologie de la fiction

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlie Galibert
Keyword(s):  
Nous Proposons ◽  
De Re ◽  
Vie Quotidienne

RésuméLa contribution à une anthropologie historique que nous proposons s’appuie sur l’utilisation de diverses sources écrites et orales et un recueil de nouvelles littéraires produites par un habitant du village de Corse du Sud objet de notre étude. Nous retraçons ainsi le processus de (re)production de la vie quotidienne en donnant accès de façon privilégiée aux représentations et aux modes de connaissance d’un acteur se faisant l’observateur de sa propre société. Ainsi s’amorce une anthropologie de la quotidienneté et de l’homme ordinaire qui permet entre autres de revisiter les rapports entre l’anthropologie et la fiction.

Memory, Identity, and Possession

Postgenocide ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 211-235
Author(s):  
Martine Louise Hawkes
Keyword(s):  
Public Knowledge ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Physical Shape ◽  
Ideological Context

Contributing to discourses of postgenocide identities, memories, and irreconciliation, this chapter explores the role of museums, archives, and galleries (‘GAMs’) in constructing a history of genocide through personal objects they collect and display, and ways in which these objects are mobilized to give physical shape to particular narratives. These institutions are presented as being reflexive; they do not simply mirror the world but also produce what we know about particular histories and people. The analysis suggests that the role GAMs play in producing public knowledge of genocide is apparent in the power they hold over what they will, or will not, collect or keep, and which story they’ll tell through the arrangement and description of these objects. The personal objects, removed from their original setting, stand not only in the context of a collection but also in the broader political and ideological context of the construction of the genocide narrative.

Realism About Missing Systems

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-101
Author(s):  
Martin Thomson-Jones
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Scientific Practice ◽  
Classical Mechanics ◽  
Systems Modeling ◽  
De Re ◽  
Simple Pendulum ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Time And Energy ◽  
Abstract Artifacts

It is by now a familiar fact about scientific practice that scientists of many stripes devote considerable time and energy to describing and imagining systems that cannot be found in the world around us—the simple pendulum in classical mechanics, say. Missing-systems modeling is scientific modeling that involves this sort of imagining. Missing-systems modeling is puzzling in a number of respects, and some philosophers have pursued the fiction approach to understanding it. The fiction approach seeks to construct an account of missing-systems modeling by drawing parallels between the relevant modeling discourse and ordinary discourse about novels, short stories, plays, fiction films, and the like. This chapter develops a new version of the fiction approach that draws on Amie Thomasson’s work on the semantics and ontology of fiction, the abstract artifacts account of missing-systems modeling. On this account, simple pendula (say) are abstract artifacts created by physicists over a certain period in the history of classical mechanics. This chapter shows how the abstract artifact account makes sense of the puzzling features of missing-systems modeling, presents and responds to three objections to the account, and discusses some advantages of drawing on the de re version of Thomasson’s account of fiction, in particular, when developing an account of missing-systems modeling.

“Created Space”: Mapping America as Poem in Gary Snyder's Mountains and Rivers Without End and Susan Howe's Secret History of the Dividing Line

2005 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
NICK SELBY
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Production ◽  
Space Mapping ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Cultural Assumptions ◽  
Analytic Tool ◽  
Structuralist Theory ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Covert Operations ◽  
Secret History

Maps, recent cultural geographers are fond of reminding us, are products of the specific ideology from which they are written. A proper reading of a map, one that attends to it as a cultural product, can discover – even deconstruct – the ideological and cultural assumptions upon which its act of mapping is grounded. For Stephen Daniels and Denis Cosgrove, the metaphor of the map provides a crucially important analytic tool for disentangling the ways in which systems of power may be seen to work within – and through – a text. They note that, under the influence of post-structuralist theory, it has become commonplace to think of a text as a “discursive ‘terrain’ across which ‘sites’ of power may be ‘mapped’.” Clearly, then, cartographic metaphors are useful in discussing literary texts in that they can accommodate an examination of both the overt and covert operations of those texts in their representations of the cultural and ideological landscape from which they are produced. Indeed, to map the world is to make that world readable, to make it familiar; but, like any text – or, in the particular case of this essay, Gary Snyder's poetic sequence Mountains and Rivers Without End (1996) – a map does more than simply describe a discursive terrain. Such descriptions also enact the conditions of their cultural production.

scholarly journals Uwagi etymologiczne w dawnych tekstach użytkowych (na przykładzie Kroniki, to jest historyi świata Marcina Bielskiego, Informacyi matematycznej Wojciecha Bystrzonowskiego i Nowych Aten Benedykta Chmielowskiego)

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-105
Author(s):  
Dorota Kozaryn ◽  
Agnieszka Szczaus
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Entire World ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

The subject of the analysis in the article are the etymological explanations presented in the old non-literary texts (i.e. the texts that function primarily outside literature, serving various practical purposes), i.e. in the sixteenth-century Kronika, to jest historyja świata (Chronicle, that is the history of the entire world) by Marcin Bielski and in two eighteenth-century encyclopaedic texts: Informacyja matematyczna (Mathematical information) by Wojciech Bystrzonowski and Nowe Ateny (New Athens) by Benedykt Chmielowski. The review of the etymological comments allows us to take notice of their considerable substantive and formal diversity. These comments apply to both native and foreign vocabulary. On the one hand, they provide information on the origin of proper names (toponyms and anthroponyms), and on the other hand, a whole range of these etymological comments concern common names. A depth of etymological comments presented in non-literary texts is significantly diversified and independent of the nature of the vocabulary to which these comments apply – they can be merely tips on sources of borrowings of foreign words, but they can also constitute a deeper analysis of the meaning and structure of individual words, both native and foreign. These comments are usually implementations of folk etymology. The role of etymological considerations in former non-literary texts is significant. First of all, these texts have a ludic function, typical of popularised texts – they are supposed to surprise, intrigue and entertain readers. Secondly, they serve a cognitive function typical of non-literary texts – they are supposed to expand the readers’ knowledge about the world and language. Thirdly, they have a persuasive function, which is a distinctive feature of both popularised and non-literary texts – they are supposed to provoke the readers’ thoughts on the relationship between non-linguistic reality and the linguistic way of its interpretation, they also stimulate linguistic interests, which was particularly important in the past when the reflection on the native language was poor.

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