scholarly journals CALIDAD MICROBIOLÓGICA DE Ulva lactuca Y Ulva clathrata (CHLOROPHYTA) DE LA COSTA DE LA PAZ, B.C.S., MÉXICO

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
R. N. Águila-Ramírez ◽  
C. J. Hernández-Guerrero ◽  
S. Rodríguez-Astudillo ◽  
R. Guerrero-Caballero

Microbiological quality of Ulva lactuca and Ulva clathrata (Chlorophyta) along the coastline of La Paz, B.C.S., México Total, fecal coliforms and the enterococcus group in Ulva lactuca and U. clathrata were measured in four localities of the coastline of La Paz, B.C.S, Mexico. Levels of fecal coliforms in water were below the standard of the Ecological Criteria of Water Quality (EC-WQ) which indicates a healthy La Paz inlet (below 200 MPN/100ml). Values of fecal coliforms in algae were below the NOM-031-SSA1-1993 levels determined for marine organisms destined for human consumption. These values were high only in few months. No enterococci were detected in the samples.

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Fouad Dimane ◽  
Khadija Haboubi ◽  
Issam Hanafi ◽  
Abdelouahad El Himri ◽  
Kaouthar Andaloussi

Water is a precious and essential natural resource for multiple uses. Its use for food or hygiene requires excellent physicochemical and microbiological quality. To assess the quality of well water for human consumption in the Al Hoceima region which is located in North of Morocco, a physico-chemical and bacteriological control was carried out on the basis of 10 water samples from wells in this area. The analyzes were performed on these samples by measuring the following physic-chemical parameters: temperature, pH, electric conductivity (EC), chloride (Cl -),dissolved oxygen, nitrate (NO3 -), and possibly seeking unwanted bacteria (total bacteria, total coliforms, fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci). The samples were analyzed systematically to measure all the physicochemical indicators of pollution. Correlation between pollution parameters were conducted to give a reponse element on the main causes pollution. The results performed analysis, revealed a pollution of an agricultural origin. This is confirmed by the maximum levels of chlorides, which exceed 2640 mg/l, thereby explaining the high conductivity levels (4800μs/cm). In addition 14% of analyzed wells have nitre levels 50mg/l nitrate pollution a not alarming. However, if a pollution of agricultural origin is mentioned, the lithological contribution can not be neglected on the results obtained.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Sandna Larissa Freitas Santos ◽  
Leandro Lima de Vasconcelos ◽  
Rogério Nunes dos Santos

Os intensos períodos de estiagem e pela concentração que a água adquire quando os níveis dos reservatórios estão baixos torna-se evidente a ausência da qualidade da água consumida pela população. O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os parâmetros físico-químicos e microbiológicos da água para consumo no município de Itapiúna-CE. Estudo do tipo experimental, prospectivo, transversal e com abordagem do tipo qualitativo e quantitativo. Foram analisadas 4 amostras de 500 mL cada, uma do Açude Castro e de três locais escolhidos nas residências de pontos estratégicos de distribuição pela concepcionária, da água usada para consumo no município de Itapiúna-CE no mês de outubro de 2016. Para seleção das amostras foram adotados os critérios de inclusão: água do açude castro (Amostra A), e três amostras de residências, consideradas a água retirada diretamente do registro da Cagece, escolhidas aleatoriamente dos bairros do município. As amostras apresentaram cloretos alterados quando comparadas às quantidades estabelecidas pela Portaria 2914/2011 do Ministério da Saúde (MS). A respeito aos parâmetros como Sólidos Totais, Condutividade, Cloreto e Dureza, os valores também encontrou-se valores superiores. A amostra A (Açude Castro) obteve pH de 8.81 e apresentou alcalinidade devido a carbonatos (80 mgCO3/L) e a bicarbonatos (150mg CaCO3/L). Verificou-se que 50% das amostras apresentaram presença de coliformes totais e coliformes fecais, evidenciando contaminação da maioria das amostras analisadas. Contudo, de acordo com as análises realizadas, as amostras não obedecem ao padrão de potabilidade, tornando á água imprópria para o consumo humano. PHYSICAL-CHEMICAL AND MICROBIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF WATER FOR CONSUMPTION IN RESIDENCES OF A TOWN IN THE SERTÃO CENTRAL ABSTRACT Factors such as long periods of drought and the physical and chemical characteristics of water influence in the quality of water consumed by the population, leading to health problems. This study aimed at evaluating the physical-chemical and microbiological parameters of water for consumption in the town of Itapiúna-CE. Four samples of 500 mL each were analyzed, one from Açude Castro and three from chosen places in the residences of strategic sites of distribution by the water company for consumption in the town of Itapiúna-CE in October 2016. For sample selection it was adopted the inclusion criteria: water from Açude Castro (sample A), and three samples of residences, considered the water withdrawn directly from Cagece register, randomly chosen from neighborhoods of the town. The samples present altered chlorides compared to the established quantities by the Consolidation Ordinance No. 5 of September 28, 2017 of the Ministry of Health (MS). Regarding the parameters such as total solids, conductivity, chloride and hardness, were also found higher values. Sample A (Açude Castro) obtained pH of 8.81 and presented alkalinity due to carbonates (80 mgCO3 / L) and bicarbonates (150 mg CaCO3 / L). It was verified that 50% of the samples presented total coliforms and fecal coliforms, evidencing contamination of most of the samples analyzed. So, according to the analysis carried out, the samples did not obey the standard of potable water, making the water unfit for human consumption.


2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Milton Leonel Chán Santisteban ◽  
Wagner Peña Cordero

In Guatemala 90 % of urban water has a rural origin and 70% of the sources are superficial. We selected three rivers of the upperbasin of Sis Icán (Chita, and Sacobá Ixconá-Sis; Pacific coast) to assesdrinking water. The watersheds have agriculture and livestock farms,as well as urban and rural populations. Water quality was assessed in the origin and end of each river, in 2012. The variables measured were:NO3, NO2 =, SO4 =, Fe, Cl, Mn, hardness, total coliforms and fecal coliforms.We applied the water pollution index, which is the average of the ratios between observed parameters and regulated standard values.We found statistically significant inputs for chemical and microbiological contaminants (total and fecal coliforms). The level of chemicalcontaminants does not compromise the quality of water for human consumption, but the biological contamination does.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 2084-2096
Author(s):  
Angelo Ricardo Balduino ◽  
Wesley Reis Araujo

Water is the source of life and an indispensable element of nature for human survival. Over the centuries, the available water resources have undergone constant crisis processes, especially when it comes to water pollution that affects its effectiveness for consumption. The monitoring of the water quality offers qualitative information about the water based on the parameters adopted in the CONAMA Resolution nº. 357/2005 and the calculation IQA NSF of the National Sanitation Foundation (APHA, 2005). The study about the water quality index aims to obtain information about the quality of the hydric resource available in Ribeirão São João in Porto Nacional - Tocantins, which has multiple uses such as: public supply, fishing, leisure, among others. The analysis undertaken to verify the quality of the water adopted procedures for analyzing the parameters of temperature, oxygen, pH, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, fecal coliforms, total solids and turbidity that occurred between the months of August and September 2021. The collection and analysis of water samples showed that the Ribeirão presents acceptable levels within the parameters established by the literature studied and infer that the water quality is considered average for the purposes of capitation and human consumption.


2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Ronice Zokou ◽  
Hippolyte Tene Mouafo ◽  
Julie Mathilde Klang ◽  
Noutsa Boris Simo ◽  
Raymond Simplice Mouokeu ◽  
...  

Egusi pudding is one of the most popular traditional dishes of the Cameroonian population. Besides its nutritional values, it is also endowed with a sociocultural character. Nowadays, consumer demand for Egusi pudding has increased and the dish is sold as street food in several cities of Cameroon and mostly under uncontrolled hygienic conditions. The objective of this study was to assess the microbiological quality of Egusi pudding sold in the city of Yaoundé taking into consideration the protein sources and the sampling sites. Five types of Egusi pudding samples based on protein sources were randomly collected from 25 sellers distributed in 7 districts in the city of Yaoundé and their microbiological quality were assessed. The results showed that the total aerobic count of the different samples (2.97 ± 0.03 to 4.43 ± 0.05 Log CFU/g) was under the threshold value (5.47 Log CFU/g) recommended for food intended for human consumption. Loads of fecal coliforms (1.47 ± 0.00 to 5.47 ± 0.00 Log CFU/g) in 40% of samples, Escherichia coli (2.39 ± 0.12 to 5.43 ± 0.05 Log CFU/g) in 60% of samples, fecal streptococci (2.90 ± 0.15 to 4.74 ± 0.05 Log CFU/g) in 88% of samples, Pseudomonas spp. (3.39 ± 0.15 to 5.43 ± 0.06 Log CFU/g) in 100% of samples, and the presence of Salmonella spp. in 56% of samples revealed a poor level of hygiene of the vendors. Pathogens associated with unsafe food handling such as Staphylococcus spp. were found in 100% of samples at loads (3.84 ± 0.18 to 5.43 ± 0.05 Log cfu/g) higher than the norms of the European Commission. Potential toxigenic pathogens such as Clostridium perfringens, Yersinia enterocolitica, Bacillus cereus, and moulds were also found, respectively, in 100, 96, 96, and 100% of samples. Overall, the most contaminated samples were those made with sardine as protein source, 92.85% (n = 23/25), followed with beef (88.57%), mackerel (84.28%), cod (82.85%), and control (77.1%). The results of this study suggest that important measures should be taken by the Public Health Service in order to sensitize the producers and vendors of Egusi pudding on the respect of good hygiene, manufacturing practices, and the continuous monitor of the quality of traditional products sold in markets.


1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Lerman ◽  
O. Lev ◽  
A. Adin ◽  
E. Katzenelson

The Israel Ministry of Health is now revising its regulations for the assurance of safe water quality in public swimming pools. Since it is not possible to monitor each of the pathogenic microorganisms, it is often recommended to monitor indicator bacteria which provide indirect information on the water quality in the swimming pool. Three indicator microorganisms are often recommended: coliform counts (total coliforms, fecal coliforms or E. Coli), staphylococcus aureus and pseudomonas aeruginosa. A four year survey of the water quality of swimming pools in the Jerusalem District was conducted in order to determine whether the monitoring of all three indicators is necessary to assure safe water quality or is it sufficient to monitor only a single microorganism. A statistical analysis, conducted by using several different statistical techniques, reveals that the populations of the three indicator organisms are significantly interdependent but the correlations between each pair of these indicators are not sufficient to base a prediction of any of the organisms based on the measurements of the others. Therefore, it is concluded that monitoring of all three indicators should be recommended in order to provide an adequate picture of the water quality in swimming pools.


1983 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 978-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. WENTZ ◽  
A. P. DURAN ◽  
A. SWARTZENTRUBER ◽  
A. H. SCHWAB ◽  
R. B. READ

The microbiological quality of fresh blue crabmeat, soft- and hardshell clams and shucked Eastern oysters was determined at the retail (crabmeat, oysters) and wholesale (clams) levels. Geometric means of aerobic plate counts incubated at 35°C were: blue crabmeat 140,000 colony-forming units (CFU)/g, hardshell clams, 950 CFU/g, softshell clams 680 CFU/g and shucked Eastern oysters 390,000 CFU/g. Coliform geometric means ranged from 3,6/100 g for hardshell clams to 21/g for blue crabmeat. Means for fecal coliforms or Escherichia coli ranged from <3/100 g for clams to 27/100 g for oysters, The mean Staphylococcus aureus count in blue crabmeat was 10/g.


2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Lina Cardoso ◽  
C. Esperanza Ramírez ◽  
E. Violeta Escalante

There are problems associated with sludge management in small treatment plants (<10 L/s) located in rural communities, due to costly conventional technology for sludge stabilization. Many of these plants have only sludge drying beds. Mexican Institute of Water Technology has proposed developing suitable low-cost technologies, one of which is vermicomposting a biodegradation system using earthworms of the species Eisenia foetida (earthworm) which stabilize sludge and reduce its pathogenicity. The objective of this work is to present two case studies where vermicomposting technology has been applied in Mexico. The first study corresponds to a plant where 4.8 m3/month of sludge are produced; for these wastes, a vermicomposting system was built and installed. The second study is a treatment plant where 9 m3/month of sludge are produced; experimental tests were conducted with sludge and water hyacinth and a vermicomposting system was designed. The vermicomposts were analyzed using parameters defined by Mexican standards. In regards to stabilization, TVS was reduced by 38% and the microbiological quality of the vermicompost was Class A and B, with a reduction in fecal coliforms and Helminth eggs according to NOM-004-SEMARNAT-2002. A CRETI (Corrosivity, Reactivity, Explosivity, Toxicity and Ignitability) analysis (NOM-052-SEMARNAT-2005) was used to show that the process reduced the concentration of releasable sulfides. The agronomic quality of the vermicompost exhibited a high content of organic matter comparable to many organic manures and high content of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus. It is concluded that it is possible to improve the conditions of sewage sludge management in small plants of rural communities with a minimum investment (less than $10,000.00 USD) and with a requirement of a minimum area of 60 to 70 m2 for a production of less than 9 m3/month of dehydrated sludge (80% humidity).


2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 1253-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
SÉRGIO A. P. NUNES FILHO ◽  
ANDERSON S. SANT'ANA ◽  
ADRIANO G. CRUZ

The objective of the present study was to determine the microbiological quality of bottled mineral water marketed in commercial establishments and by street vendors and to evaluate the influence of the storage and maintenance conditions on the microbiological quality of the product. Ten samples from the same batches of five different brands of water were analyzed, for a total of 50 samples. Of the five brands analyzed, only one (brand A), when collected in a commercial establishment, complied with the legal Brazilian standards for mineral water with respect to the presence of total coliforms, fecal coliforms, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The remaining samples failed to comply with these microbiological standards for at least one of the parameters evaluated. The water samples obtained from street vendors were inferior in microbiological quality to samples from the same batch that were obtained from commercial establishments.


1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 769-773 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. HACKNEY ◽  
B. RAY ◽  
M. L. SPECK

Microbiological analyses of 716 seafood samples over a 3-year period revealed that the microbiological quality of fresh seafood in North Carolina was generally acceptable. The mean aerobic counts (APC) and fecal coliform counts were low as was the occurrence of enteric pathogens, except for Vibrio parahaemolyticus and coagulase-positive staphylococci. Salmonella species were isolated from three samples, but the fecal coliform counts of these samples far exceeded the shellfish standard of the United States Food and Drug Administration. Coagulase-positive staphylococci were isolated in low numbers from nearly all the different types of seafoods; unpasteurized crabmeat and head-peeled shrimp samples showed the highest counts (10% of these samples had numbers which exceeded 100/g). V. parahaemolyticus occurred frequently in fresh seafood (overall 46% of the samples were positive) and its numbers showed a definite seasonal variation. No positive statistical correlation was found between the numbers of V. parahaemolyticus and the bacteriological indices, such as coliforms, fecal coliforms, enterococci and APC. Processing practices were found to influence the occurrence of V. parahaemolvticus in seafood; for example, improperly cleaned flumes were found to be a reservoir for V. parahaemolyticus in mechanical scallop processing plants. Also ‘picking’ waste ‘containers’ were found to be sources of V. parahaemolyticus in crab processing plants. Some processing practices such as heat shocking of oysters to facilitate opening were found to reduce the numbers of V. parahaemolyticus. Fifty V. parahaemolyticus isolates from different seafoods were tested for their Kanagawa reaction and all were found to be negative.


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