scholarly journals INVESTIGATIONS ON MESOPHOTIC CORAL ECOSYSTEMS IN CUBA (1970-1973) AND MEXICO (1983-1984)

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Vassil Zlatarski
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Mesophotic Coral Ecosystems ◽  
Trends Analysis ◽  
Collaborative Efforts ◽  
Existing Data

After a pioneering study of Jamaican coral reefs, the Cuban archipelago was the second to be surveyed by SCUBA for scleractinian corals and reef life to a depth of 90m, sampling all phenotypes.  Regrettably, the published data on the mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) of Cuba, collected 1970 to 1973, have been ignored.  This is also true for the published data on the MCEs of the Mexican Yucatán Peninsula, collected 1983 to 1984.  These two investigations described immense areas exhibiting a rich continuum of coral life, from shallow reefs into MCEs without scleractinian faunal break, and no depth-specialists species complex.  Instead, a morphological changeover of three-dimensional corallum into two-dimensional corallum was observed and documented.  The existing data on the Cuban and Mexican MCEs (now 45 and 34 years old, respectively) present a unique opportunity for long-term status and ecosystem trends analysis.  MCEs require terminological clarification from collaborative efforts to effectively use the globally available data.Investigaciones sobre ecosistemas coralinos mesofóticos en Cuba (1970-1973) y México (1983-1984)RESUMEN. Después de un estudio pionero en arrecifes de Jamaica sobre corales escleratinios y vida arrecifal, el archipiélago cubano fue el segundo que se estudió mediante buceo SCUBA a profundidades de hasta 90m, incluyendo muestras de todos los fenotipos. Infortunadamente, los datos publicados sobre ecosistemas coralinos mesofóticos (ECM), recabados entre 1970 y 1973 han sido soslayados, al igual que los datos publicados sobre los ECM de la Península de Yucatán, México, recabados entre 1983 y 1984.  Ambas investigaciones describen áreas inmensas que exhiben un rico continuo de vida coralina, desde arrecifes someros hasta ECM sin ruptura en la fauna escleratinia y sin complejos de especies especialistas de profundidad. En vez de esto, se observó y documentó un reemplazamiento de formas tridimensionales de corales por formas bidimensionales.  La información existente sobre ECM cubanos y mexicanos con antigüedades de 45 y 34 años, respectivamente ofrecen una oportunidad única para realizar análisis sobre estatus a largo plazo y tendencias de ecosistema.  Los ECM requieren aclaración terminológica de esfuerzos de colaboración para utilizar efectivamente los datos disponibles globalmente.

scholarly journals Remember like humans

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 172988141769231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning An ◽  
Shi-Ying Sun ◽  
Xiao-Guang Zhao ◽  
Zeng-Guang Hou
Keyword(s):  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Sensory Memory ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Observation Model ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Memory Register

Visual tracking is a challenging computer vision task due to the significant observation changes of the target. By contrast, the tracking task is relatively easy for humans. In this article, we propose a tracker inspired by the cognitive psychological memory mechanism, which decomposes the tracking task into sensory memory register, short-term memory tracker, and long-term memory tracker like humans. The sensory memory register captures information with three-dimensional perception; the short-term memory tracker builds the highly plastic observation model via memory rehearsal; the long-term memory tracker builds the highly stable observation model via memory encoding and retrieval. With the cooperative models, the tracker can easily handle various tracking scenarios. In addition, an appearance-shape learning method is proposed to update the two-dimensional appearance model and three-dimensional shape model appropriately. Extensive experimental results on a large-scale benchmark data set demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art two-dimensional and three-dimensional trackers in terms of efficiency, accuracy, and robustness.

The Nature of Psychiatric Rehabilitation and Implications for Collaborative Efforts

2000 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
Linda L. Leech ◽  
John M. Holcomb
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Rehabilitation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Psychiatric Disabilities ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Call To Action ◽  
Rehabilitation Professionals ◽  
Key Characteristics ◽  
Collaborative Efforts

This article highlights key characteristics of severe, long-term mental illness which present challenges for rehabilitation professionals. The authors discuss recovery, a biopsychosocial understanding of psychiatric disability, a three dimensional model for conceptualizing the course of severe, long-term mental illnesses, the rehabilitation process, and the role of the rehabilitation practitioner. The literature review points to the need for collaborative efforts to improve the quality and availability of rehabilitation services, including employment, for people with psychiatric disabilities. Authors present a call to action on key recommendations presented in literature across two decades.

scholarly journals Cardiac Surveillance for Early Detection of Late Subclinical Cardiac Dysfunction in Childhood Cancer Survivors After Anthracycline Therapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosaria Sofia ◽  
Veronica Melita ◽  
Antonio De Vita ◽  
Antonio Ruggiero ◽  
Alberto Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Speckle Tracking ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Childhood Cancer Survivors ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Anthracycline Therapy ◽  
Echocardiographic Parameters ◽  
Dimensional Echocardiography

BackgroundIn childhood cancer survivors (CCSs) anthracycline-related cardiotoxicity is an important cause of morbidity and late mortality, but the optimal modality of cardiac surveillance still remains to be defined. The aim of this study was to assess whether non-invasive echocardiography-based functional cardiac measures can detect early subclinical myocardial changes in long-term pediatric cancer survivors who received anthracycline therapy.MethodsTwenty anthracycline-treated long-term CCSs and 20 age, sex, and body surface area matched healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Among cancer survivors, mean age at diagnosis was 6.5 ± 4.4 years, and the mean cumulative anthracycline dose was 234.5 ± 87.4 mg/m2. All subjects underwent a comprehensive functional echocardiographic protocol study including two-dimensional echocardiography (2D Echo), tissue Doppler imaging (TDI), speckle tracking (STE) and three-dimensional echocardiography (3D Echo). Patients were studied at a mean follow-up time of 6.5 ± 2.8 years from the end of therapy.ResultsNo significant differences in two-dimensional left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF), diastolic parameters and speckle tracking (STE)-derived myocardial strain were observed between patients treated with anthracyclines and controls. Myocardial performance index was significantly prolonged (p = 0.005) and three-dimensional LVEF was significantly reduced (p = 0.002) in CCSs compared to controls, even though most values were within the normal range. There were no significant correlations between 2D, STE, and 3D echocardiographic parameters and age at diagnosis or duration of follow-up. No significant differences in echocardiographic parameters were found when stratifying cancer patients according to established risk factors for anthracycline cardiomyopathy.ConclusionsThis study found significantly reduced three-dimensional LVEF in CCSs compared with controls, despite no significant differences in two-dimensional LVEF and longitudinal strain values. These findings suggest that long-term CCSs who had received anthracycline therapy may be found to have subclinical features of myocardial dysfunction. However, further studies are needed to demonstrate the validity of new imaging techniques, including STE and 3D Echo, to identify patients at risk for cardiomyopathy in the long-term follow-up of CCSs.

scholarly journals Territories in Time: Mapping Palimpsest Horizons

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Cavalieri ◽  
Elena Cogato Lanza
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Data Recording ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Dimensional Matrix ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theoretical Question

In the early 80s André Corboz, in describing the territory as being the result of slow and long-term processes involving multiple transformations, implicitly declares the onset of a new paradigm for understanding cities and territories: a new gaze attentive to the chronological dimension of spaces, aware of the long history of places, interested in that ensemble of signs, traces and voids so tangible, and yet ignored by the paradigm of tabula rasa. To describe this complexity, Corboz proposes the metaphor of territory as palimpsest: A palimpsest is a two-dimensional writing board bearing a three-dimensional matrix of signs, which, as a metaphor, allows for a contextual, four-dimensional apprehension of territory, portraying space in its chronological evolution. This text re-contextualizes the notion of palimpsest—both as a methodological and a theoretical question—in the light of two main conceptual ‘shifts’: the ‘territorial turn,’ which increased interest among different disciplines, projects, and policies for the dimension of cities as territory, and the ‘digital turn,’ namely the rapid evolution of data recording, archiving, and mapping technologies.

Development of axisymmetric lattice Boltzmann flux solver for complex multiphase flows

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (12n13) ◽  
pp. 1840005
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Chang Shu ◽  
Li-Ming Yang ◽  
Hai-Zhuan Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Lattice Boltzmann ◽  
Multiphase Flows ◽  
Circular Tube ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Published Data ◽  
External Forcing ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Governing Equations ◽  
Kinetic Feature ◽  
Bubble Rising

This paper presents an axisymmetric lattice Boltzmann flux solver (LBFS) for simulating axisymmetric multiphase flows. In the solver, the two-dimensional (2D) multiphase LBFS is applied to reconstruct macroscopic fluxes excluding axisymmetric effects. Source terms accounting for axisymmetric effects are introduced directly into the governing equations. As compared to conventional axisymmetric multiphase lattice Boltzmann (LB) method, the present solver has the kinetic feature for flux evaluation and avoids complex derivations of external forcing terms. In addition, the present solver also saves considerable computational efforts in comparison with three-dimensional (3D) computations. The capability of the proposed solver in simulating complex multiphase flows is demonstrated by studying single bubble rising in a circular tube. The obtained results compare well with the published data.

Reform Based on "No Paper-Drawing" Mechanical Drawing Course System

2011 ◽  
Vol 271-273 ◽  
pp. 1519-1523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Hu ◽  
Chang Chun Li ◽  
Guo Hong Dai
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Teaching Practice ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Important Process ◽  
Production Chain ◽  
Recognition Ability ◽  
Design And Manufacturing ◽  
Modern Manufacturing

"No paper-drawing" is the important process of informatization of manufacturing industry, which has greatly impacted the teaching of traditional mechanical drawing. In order to adapt to the demand of development of current manufacturing industry for drawing recognition ability of the talents, the structure of mechanical drawing course must correspond to this demand and perform fundamental reform; through long-term teaching practice, put drafting teaching into the whole production chain of product design and manufacturing so as to form the course form mainly based on three-dimensional expression and supported with two-dimensional expression, thus enabling the structure of mechanical drawing course to fit the development of modern manufacturing industry. The students cultivated under this mode can meet the requirements of manufacturing industry for drawing recognition ability.

scholarly journals Characteristics of three-dimensional acetabular morphology of patients with excellent outcome after rotational acetabular osteotomy over 20 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeyuki Tanaka ◽  
Toru Moro ◽  
Hisatoshi Ishikura ◽  
Kazuaki Hashikura ◽  
Taizo Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Plain Radiograph ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rotational Acetabular Osteotomy ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Excellent Outcome ◽  
Acetabular Morphology ◽  
Sector Angle

Abstract Background Rotational acetabular osteotomy (RAO) is a type of pelvic osteotomy performed to improve the acetabular bony coverage against the femoral head for patients with acetabular dysplasia. The acetabular bony coverage is ideally evaluated three-dimensionally; however, there is a paucity of published data regarding three-dimensional morphology in patients with long-term excellent outcome after RAO. The present study investigated the characteristics of three-dimensional acetabular morphology with long-term excellent outcome after RAO in comparison to patients with normal hip joints and those converted to total hip arthroplasty (THA) after RAO because of osteoarthritis (OA) progression. Methods Anteroposterior plain radiograph and computed tomography data of 57 hip joints (17 joints with excellent outcome 20 years or more after RAO, 16 normal joints, and 20 joints converted to THA after RAO) were analyzed. The two-dimensional lateral center-edge (CE) angle from plain radiographs and acetabular anteversion, anterior acetabular sector angle, and posterior sector angle from computed tomography (CT) images were calculated. Results Compared with patients converted to THA, all parameters in patients with long-term excellent outcome after RAO were similar to those in patients with normal hip joints, particularly in the three-dimensional analyses. The anterior bony coverage was excessive, whereas the posterior bony coverage was deficient in patients converted to THA after RAO. Anterior bony impingement and posterior instability may be the cause of OA progression after RAO. Conclusion Caution must be taken to avoid rotating the separated fragment excessively to the anterior direction during RAO to prevent OA progression and achieve long-term excellent outcome.

scholarly journals The role of geomorphic zonation in long-term changes in coral-community structure on a Caribbean fringing reef

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e10103
Author(s):  
Alexis Enrique Medina-Valmaseda ◽  
Rosa E. Rodríguez-Martínez ◽  
Lorenzo Alvarez-Filip ◽  
Eric Jordan-Dahlgren ◽  
Paul Blanchon
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Coastal Protection ◽  
Benthic Habitat ◽  
Ecological Indices ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
The Impact

Ecological processes on coral reefs commonly have limited spatial and temporal scales and may not be recorded in their long-term geological history. The widespread degradation of Caribbean coral reefs over the last 40 years therefore provides an opportunity to assess the impact of more significant ecological changes on the geological and geomorphic structure of reefs. Here, we document the changing ecology of communities in a coral reef seascape within the context of its geomorphic zonation. By comparing basic ecological indices between historical and modern data we show that in 35 years the reef-front zone was transformed from a complex coral assemblage with a three-dimensional structure, to a size-homogenized and flattened one that is quasi indistinguishable from the adjacent non-accretional coral-ground zone. Today coral assemblages at Punta Maroma are characterized by the dominance of opportunistic species which are either tolerant to adverse environmental conditions, including sedimentation, or are known to be the first scleractinian species to recruit on disturbed reefs, implying they reflect a post-hurricane stage of adjustment. Despite an increase in similarity in ecological indices, the reef-front and coral-ground geomorphic zones still retain significant differences in coral assemblages and benthic habitat and are not homogeneous. The partial convergence of coral assemblages certainly has important consequences for the ecology and geological viability of the reef and its role in coastal protection, but environmental physical drivers continue to exert a fundamental role in the character and zonation of benthic communities of this reef seascape.

scholarly journals Characteristics of three-dimensional acetabular morphology of patients with excellent outcome after rotational acetabular osteotomy over 20 years

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeyuki Tanaka ◽  
Toru Moro ◽  
Hisatoshi Ishikura ◽  
Kazuaki Hashikura ◽  
Taizo Kaneko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Plain Radiograph ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Rotational Acetabular Osteotomy ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Hip Joints ◽  
Excellent Outcome ◽  
Acetabular Morphology ◽  
Sector Angle

Abstract Background Rotational acetabular osteotomy (RAO) is a type of pelvic osteotomy performed to improve the acetabular bony coverage against the femoral head for patients with acetabular dysplasia. The acetabular bony coverage is ideally evaluated three-dimensionally; however, there is a paucity of published data regarding three-dimensional morphology in patients with long-term excellent outcome after RAO. The present study investigated the characteristics of three-dimensional acetabular morphology with long-term excellent outcome after RAO in comparison to patients with normal hip joints and those converted to total hip arthroplasty (THA) after RAO because of osteoarthritis (OA) progression. Methods Anteroposterior plain radiograph and computed tomography data of 57 hip joints (17 joints with excellent outcome 20 years or more after RAO, 16 normal joints, and 20 joints converted to THA after RAO) were analyzed. The two-dimensional lateral center-edge (CE) angle from plain radiographs, acetabular anteversion, anterior acetabular sector angle, and posterior sector angle from computed tomography (CT) images were calculated. Results Compared with patients converted to THA, all parameters in patients with long-term excellent outcome after RAO were similar to those in patients with normal hip joints, particularly in the three-dimensional analyses. The anterior bony coverage was excessive, whereas the posterior bony coverage was deficient in patients converted to THA after RAO. Anterior bony impingement and posterior instability may be the cause of OA progression after RAO. Conclusion Caution must be taken to avoid rotating the separated fragment excessively to the anterior direction during RAO to prevent OA progression and achieve long-term excellent outcome.

Reconciliation of two-dimensional (‘cross-grating’) and three-dimensional phenomena in electron diffraction and resolution of other anomalies on the basis of Bragg reflexions from single crystal lamellae suffering radially progressive shear strain

1959 ◽  
Vol 250 (1263) ◽  
pp. 439-459
Keyword(s):  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Shear Strain ◽  
Diffraction Pattern ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Shear Plane ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Simple Explanation ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Three Dimensional Model

An intricate repetitive fringe pattern, due to the loss of electrons by diffraction from a crystal lamella, was explained earlier in terms of a crystal model in a state of progressive shear strain in which the primitive translations of successive net-planes changed progressively through the thickness of the layer. The electron diffraction pattern to be expected from this three-dimensional model is now shown theoretically to be identical geometrically with the diffraction pattern from the two-dimensional array of atoms in a single constituent net-plane comprising a cross-grating, so that the model offers also a simple explanation of two-dimensional (‘cross-grating’) diffraction effects in terms of conventional theory for diffraction from three-dimensional crystals. Normal size diffraction rings would not arise from an assembly of the model crystals, but closely similar rings would appear following the law nλ = d sin 2 θ , as distinct from the Bragg law nλ = 2 d sin θ , when, for example, the beam was normal to the shear plane and parallel to the reflecting planes prior to the incidence of strain. While such near-normal rings could fail to appear for certain potentially reflecting planes, ‘extra’ rings would appear and could be arranged in families comprising ‘bands’. These bands would have a ‘head’ on an apparently normal ring and a ‘tail’ on an ‘extra’ ring. Comparison of the model with other published data in electron diffraction suggests that it is compatible with a recently published observation of excessive d 111 / d 200 and d 111 / d 220 spacing ratios in biological work, with early work showing ‘extra’ rings and ‘bands’ from electro-deposited metal films, with ‘extra’ rings from metal foils and with small beam deviations down to zero corresponding to infinite spacings. The model, based directly on effects observed experimentally, and now shown to be supported by previously published work, needs to be examined theoretically from the point of view of stability and in connexion with both Frank and van der Merwe’s theory of orientation calling for pseudomorphic monolayers and Finch and Quarrell’s work which led to the concept of basal plane pseudomorphism.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document