scholarly journals Focus on Field in an Advanced Reading Classroom

2019 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
pp. 318
Author(s):  
Ayumi Inako
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
English Learners ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Code Theory ◽  
Specific Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Reading Materials ◽  
Legitimation Code Theory ◽  
Solar Storms

What can a reading classroom provide for advanced English learners beyond input into grammar and vocabulary? The author proposes a focus on field—the nature of the social action realized in the text—as well as using the scale of semantic gravity—the degree to which the meanings of the text relate to its context. Many reading materials contain multiple fields, which can cause difficulty for students in tracking their content. A case study of a text on the topic of solar storms employs the methodology of Legitimation Code Theory (LCT), whereby an external language for description is created for the specific research purpose. Analysis from the perspective of semantic gravity helps identify where shifts in the field of the text occur, enabling the teacher to guide the students in their reading as the text unfolds. The author concludes by discussing the applicability of this method. 上級英語学習者向けの読解授業が文法と語彙のインプット以外に提供できるものは何だろうか。本稿では、テクストによって具現化される社会的活動の性質を表す活動領域（field）に焦点を当てるとともに、テクストの意味が分脈と関係する度合いを示す意味的重力（semantic gravity）の概念を使用することを提案する。多くの読解教材には複数の活動領域が含まれ、学習者にとって内容の把握が難しくなる要因となっている。このケーススタディでは、「太陽嵐」に関する読解テキストを取り上げ、正当化コード理論（Legitimation Code Theory—LCT）の方法論に基づいて、本研究に特定の目的に合わせた外的記述言語（external language of description）を作成する。分析によって、意味的重力の観点がテキストの展開とともに活動領域の移行が起きている場所の特定に役立つことが明らかになる。結論として、この方法の応用可能性を議論する。

scholarly journals Investigation on Productivity of Synonym Words with Different Semantic Prosody in English

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Negin Yazdani motlagh ◽  
Masih Rahimi Nezhad
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
English Learners ◽  
Corpus Analysis ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Analysis Design ◽  
Linguistic Behavior ◽  
Semantic Prosody ◽  
Linguistic Phenomenon

“Semantic prosody” has been researched since the first claim of Sinclair in (1987). Since then, semantic prosody became one of the most important issues in language studies as a linguistic phenomenon. In 1993, Louw defined semantic prosody as a special tendency of words, which might be in a pleasant environment that creates a ‘positive semantic prosody’ or in an unpleasant environment that creates a ‘negative semantic prosody’. The current research is based on a corpus analysis design, in “COCA” and “COHA”. Two synonym pair words of “Start/Begin” and “Guide/Lead to” were chosen as a case study. Representative number of each word was estimated by “Cochran’s formula”. This study is concentrated on investigation of the fact that while negative semantic prosodies are much more frequent than words with positive semantic prosody, but based on the linguistic positivity bias and “The Pollyanna hypothesis” which is introduced by Boucher and Osgood (1969), in English, the productivity of words with positive semantic prosody in synonym pairs, is more than productivity of negative semantic productivity. This fact might be due to the social interactions, the emotional content of words and linguistic behavior. It is notable to say that people tend to talk more about the brighter side than the darker side of life. This discrepancy makes words’ choosing somehow problematic for translators and English learners.

Arendt, role theory and the ethical evaluation of action

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kieran Bonner
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Role Theory ◽  
The Political ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
The Social ◽  
Reflexive Sociology

In what way can social action be simultaneously inquired into and ethically evaluated by social theory? This paper explores the responsibility sociology has with regard to the political and ethical implications of its knowledge production and does so through a case study examination of the sociological concept of role. It compares and evaluates the different orientations that ground the concept of role and Arendt’s concept of action, which is then expanded to address the critique of the social sciences by theorists like Arendt and Foucault. The paper engages a particular tradition of reflexive sociology in the context of the danger of banal evil (Eichmann) and in the context of modern structures of domination that makes that danger more prevalent. Arguing that a theoretical non-empirical reflexivity is called for, and drawing on the phenomenological reflexivity of Berger and the constitutive reflexivity of Blum and McHugh, the paper seeks to demonstrate the need for a reflexive awareness of the actor’s responsibility for action and the theorist’s responsibility for formulating action that can make conceptual space for reasoned evaluation oriented by and to principle.

scholarly journals Perpetuating Oppression: Does the Current Counseling Discourse Neutralize Social Action?

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arie T. Greenleaf ◽  
Rhonda M. Bryant
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Civil Disobedience ◽  
Discourse Theory ◽  
Counseling Professionals ◽  
Professional Ideology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Just Society

The counseling profession, by virtue of research, dialogue, and the evolution of professional ideology, continues to uphold the viewpoint that psychological distress and disorders emanate from innate or biologically based factors. Consequently, the social reality that counseling partially defines through this discourse may inadvertently constrain the very movement that can most affect change through social action and engagement. Counseling professionals may unwittingly undercut attempts by oppressed individuals, groups, and their allies to create a more equitable and just society through civil disobedience and concerted social action. This article discusses how the current discourse on social justice may neutralize social action by reviewing discourse theory and presentation of a case study that offers strategies to operational discourse theory and support social action and engagement.

scholarly journals Revealing shifts from mastery of knowledge to problem solving in assessments of a tertiary physics programme

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Alan Cornell ◽  
Kershree Padayachee
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Theoretical Physics ◽  
First Year ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Code Theory ◽  
Doctoral Level ◽  
Assessment Tasks ◽  
Good Grasp ◽  
Legitimation Code Theory

There is an increasing pressure on lecturers to work with two goals. First, they need to ensure that their undergraduate students have a good grasp of the knowledge and skills of the intellectual field. In addition, they need to prepare graduates and postgraduates for careers both within and outside of academia. The problem we address in this paper is the way in which assessments may reveal a shift of focus from a mastery of knowledge to a work-focused orientation. We examine this shift through a case study of physics and the sub-discipline of theoretical physics as intellectual fields. The evidence is comprised of assessment tasks given to students at different points of their studies from first year to doctoral level. By examining and analysing the assessment tasks using concepts from Legitimation Code Theory (LCT), we demonstrate how the shifts in the assessments lead students incrementally from a pure disciplinary focus to one that enables them to pursue employment potentially both within and outside of academia. In doing so, we also highlight the usefulness of LCT as a framework for evaluating the preparation of science students for diverse workplaces.

scholarly journals Complementary and Alternative Medicine as a Functional Tendency. Formation of Preferences, Agency, and Diffusion Among Citizenships

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (26) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Antonia Ramirez Perez
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Medicine ◽  
Complementary And Alternative Medicine ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Disruptive Innovation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fashion Theory ◽  
Powerful Explanation ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Complementary And Alternative

The work is centered in the social analysis of the formation of preferences and in the description of the social action related with the complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). The theoretical framework that will help to show this generation of preferences is the fashion theory and the social tendencies theory. And to illustrate this reality it has been get an empirical body of information from the Seville city, Spain, as case study. The mixed methodology used allows to show the narrative of the process as well as the 'pictures' in particular moments. To the first objective, it has been carried out ethnographic fieldwork from a decade. To the second objective, it has been elaborated a database with the complementary and alternative medicine activities offered in Seville. Both methodologies help to show a map of this disruptive innovation and the shape adopted. The results show that CAM tendency emerges because it is useful to the society. Beyond the seasonal fashions, the irruption of this disruptive fashion indicates a process of social change with a new understanding of the health. In the CAM the preferences are generated for instrumental and axiological reasons, though it seems that axiological rationality would be a powerful explanation when we observe its emergence. And finally the results show a group of innovative people as the agents of the change. Moreover, they would seem to be the group that accelerate the process until the tipping point, from which the trend expands thanks to the processes of mimesis or contagion.

scholarly journals Home rule and natural gas development in New York: civil fracking rights

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne Simonelli
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Social Action ◽  
New York State ◽  
Home Rule ◽  
The Social ◽  
Natural Gas Development ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact

This paper explores the way community understanding of the impact and infrastructure associated with hydraulic fracturing (fracking) has translated into social action within the social, political, and ecological context of rural New York State, USA. How have residents confronted the boom-bust development of fracking, in the face of both actual drilling and the construction of supporting energy infrastructure? What avenues are open to residents as they plan for the long term sustainability of townships? Finally, on the level of both energy and rural development: if not gas, then what? This paper uses both actual and virtual interviews and oral histories to provide a case study of a struggle for environmental justice amidst conflicting visions and experiences of rural life in one New York region.Key words: fracking, home rule, New York, social movements , Zapatistas

Social Design for Services Framework

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie SARANTOU ◽  
Satu MIETTINEN
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Service Design ◽  
Social Design ◽  
Practical Action ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

This paper addresses the fields of social and service design in development contexts, practice-based and constructive design research. A framework for social design for services will be explored through the survey of existing literature, specifically by drawing on eight doctoral theses that were produced by the World Design research group. The work of World Design researcher-designers was guided by a strong ethos of social and service design for development in marginalised communities. The paper also draws on a case study in Namibia and South Africa titled ‘My Dream World’. This case study presents a good example of how the social design for services framework functions in practice during experimentation and research in the field. The social design for services framework transfers the World Design group’s research results into practical action, providing a tool for the facilitation of design and research processes for sustainable development in marginal contexts.

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