scholarly journals Learning Bioavailability Of “Diabderm” Ointment With Method Of “In Vitro”

2020 ◽  
Vol 02 (10) ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Khusenova Shakhnoza Shukhratovna ◽  
◽  
Fayzullaeva Nodira Sultanovna ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Skin Necrosis ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Clostridial Infection ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Focus Of Infection ◽  
Diabetic Gangrene ◽  
Small Focus

In diabetes mellitus, a small focus of infection causes significant gangrene of the foot due to thrombosis of the peripheral and central vessels of the fingers. In 35–40% of patients with diabetes mellitus, isolated gangrene of several fingers is noted, and in 20–25% - only one finger. Gangrene of the foot can be dry or with a predominance of anaerobic-non-clostridial infection. Some patients have necrosis or gangrene of certain areas of the skin of the foot or lower leg. The main goal of diabetic gangrene treatment is to keep the areas of wet skin necrosis dry.

INTERRELATION OF HEMORHEOLOGICAL PARAMETERS WITH GLUCOSE AND GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE2

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.В. Муравьев ◽  
И.А. Тихомирова ◽  
С.В. Булаева ◽  
Ю.В. Малышева ◽  
А.В. Замышляев
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Glucose Content ◽  
Metabolic Hormones ◽  
Metabolism Regulation ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Glycated Hemoglobin Level ◽  
Blood Transport

Введение. Нарушения реологических свойств крови при сахарном диабете 2 типа (СД-2) может приводить к снижению микрососудистой перфузии. Основной механизм, вероятно, связан с ухудшением микрореологии эритроцитов, в том числе из-за высокого содержания глюкозы и гликозилирования белков мембран клеток. Цель исследования: провести анализ связи гемореологических характеристик цельной крови и эритроцитов с содержанием глюкозы и гликированного гемоглобина и выявить влияние ряда метаболических гормонов на микрореологию эритроцитов у больных СД-2. Материалы и методы. У 30 больных СД-2 регистрировали параметры гемореологического профиля. Наряду с измерениями вязкости, деформируемости эритроцитов (ДЭ) и их агрегации (АЭ) определяли содержание глюкозы, гликированного гемоглобина и белков плазмы (альбуминов, глобулинов, фибриногена). В in vitro исследованиях регистрировали микрореологические характеристики эритроцитов после их инкубации с глюкозой и рядом метаболических гормонов (инсулином, глюкагоном, адреналином). Результаты. Наиболее существенные отличия гемореологических профилей у больных СД-2 от данных здоровых лиц были в их микрореологической части. Значения глюкозы и гликированного гемоглобина более выражено коррелировали с показателями гемореологического профиля у больных СД-2, чем у здоровых лиц: коэффициент корреляции между АЭ и концентраций глюкозы у больных СД-2 составил 0,660, в контрольной группе — 0,480. Под влиянием инсулина ДЭ достоверно повышалась, а АЭ, напротив, снижалась (p < 0,05). При инкубации эритроцитов с глюкагоном у больных СД-2 и у здоровых лиц АЭ была снижена на сходную величину. Адреналин в трех концентрациях умеренно повышал ДЭ (p < 0,05), а наблюдавшийся прирост АЭ был наибольшим при низкой концентрации гормона (0,01 мкМ). Заключение. Анализ параметров гемореологического профиля у больных СД-2 свидетельствует о нарушениях текучести крови и снижении ее транспортных возможностей. Также было показано, что гормоны, участвующие в регуляции метаболизма, оказывают прямое воздействие на микрореологию эритроцитов. Introduction. Disorders of blood rheological properties in diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM-2) can lead to reduction of microvascular perfusion. The main mechanism is probably associated with impairment of erythrocytes microrheology and also due to high glucose content and glycosylation of cell membrane proteins. Aim: to analyze the relationship between hemorheological characteristics of whole blood and erythrocytes with glucose content and glycated hemoglobin level, and to reveal the infl uence of metabolic hormones on erythrocytes microrheology in patients with DM-2. Materials and methods. In 30 patients with DM-2 we determined hemorheological parameters, blood viscosity, erythrocytes deformability (ED), erythrocytes aggregation (EA), glucose and glycated hemoglobin content, plasma proteins (albumins, globulins, fibrinogen) levels. In in vitro studies we recorded the microrheological characteristics of erythrocytes after their incubation with glucose and with some metabolic hormones (insulin, glucagon, adrenaline). Results. Microrheological parameters in patients with DM-2 diff ered signifi cantly from the parameters in healthy individuals. Glucose and glycated hemoglobin values more evidently correlated with hemorheological parameters in patients with DM-2 than in healthy individuals: the correlation coeffi cient between EA and glucose concentration in patients with DM-2 was 0.660, in healthy individuals — 0.480. Under insulin stimulus ED signifi cantly increased and AE, on contrary, decreased (p < 0.05). During erythrocytes incubation with glucagon EA similar reduced in patients with DM-2 and in healthy individuals. Adrenaline in three concentrations moderately increased ED (p < 0.05), and the observed EA increasing was greatest at low hormone concentration (0.01 μM). Conclusion. Analysis of hemorheological parameters in patients with DM-2 showed disorders of blood fl uidity and decreasing of blood transport capacity. It was also shown that hormones involved in metabolism regulation had a direct effect on erythrocytes microrheology.

scholarly journals The Functionality of Endothelial-Colony-Forming Cells from Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1731
Author(s):  
Caomhán J. Lyons ◽  
Timothy O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Angiogenic Potential ◽  
Endothelial Colony Forming Cells ◽  
Allogeneic Cell Therapy ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Pre Treatment

Endothelial-colony-forming cells (ECFCs) are a population of progenitor cells which have demonstrated promising angiogenic potential both in vitro and in vivo. However, ECFCs from diabetic patients have been shown to be dysfunctional compared to ECFCs from healthy donors. Diabetes mellitus itself presents with many vascular co-morbidities and it has been hypothesized that ECFCs may be a potential cell therapy option to promote revascularisation in these disorders. While an allogeneic cell therapy approach would offer the potential of an ‘off the shelf’ therapeutic product, to date little research has been carried out on umbilical cord-ECFCs in diabetic models. Alternatively, autologous cell therapy using peripheral blood-ECFCs allows the development of a personalised therapeutic approach to medicine; however, autologous diabetic ECFCs are dysfunctional and need to be repaired so they can effectively treat diabetic co-morbidities. Many different groups have modified autologous diabetic ECFCs to improve their function using a variety of methods including pre-treatment with different factors or with genetic modification. While the in vitro and in vivo data from the literature is promising, no ECFC therapy has proceeded to clinical trials to date, indicating that more research is needed for a potential ECFC therapy in the future to treat diabetic complications.

scholarly journals Analysis of protein glycation in human fingernail clippings with near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy as an alternative technique for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (9) ◽  
pp. 1551-1558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tinne Monteyne ◽  
Renaat Coopman ◽  
Antoine S. Kishabongo ◽  
Jonas Himpe ◽  
Bruno Lapauw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Protein Glycation ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Diagnosis Of Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract Background: Glycated keratin allows the monitoring of average tissue glucose exposure over previous weeks. In the present study, we wanted to explore if near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy could be used as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for assessing glycation in diabetes mellitus. Methods: A total of 52 patients with diabetes mellitus and 107 healthy subjects were enrolled in this study. A limited number (n=21) of nails of healthy subjects were glycated in vitro with 0.278 mol/L, 0.556 mol/L and 0.833 mol/L glucose solution to study the effect of glucose on the nail spectrum. Consequently, the nail clippings of the patients were analyzed using a Thermo Fisher Antaris II Near-IR Analyzer Spectrometer and near infrared (NIR) chemical imaging. Spectral classification (patients with diabetes mellitus vs. healthy subjects) was performed using partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Results: In vitro glycation resulted in peak sharpening between 4300 and 4400 cm−1 and spectral variations at 5270 cm−1 and between 6600 and 7500 cm−1. Similar regions encountered spectral deviations during analysis of the patients’ nails. Optimization of the spectral collection parameters was necessary in order to distinguish a large dataset. Spectra had to be collected at 16 cm−1, 128 scans, region 4000–7500 cm−1. Using standard normal variate, Savitsky-Golay smoothing (7 points) and first derivative preprocessing allowed for the prediction of the test set with 100% correct assignments utilizing a PLS-DA model. Conclusions: Analysis of protein glycation in human fingernail clippings with NIR spectroscopy could be an alternative affordable technique for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Assessment of Absorption of Glycated Nail Proteins in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus and Diabetic Retinopathy

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (12) ◽  
pp. 658
Author(s):  
Ieva Jurgeleviciene ◽  
Daiva Stanislovaitiene ◽  
Vacis Tatarunas ◽  
Marius Jurgelevicius ◽  
Dalia Zaliuniene
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Ftir Spectroscopy ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Long Term Observation

Background and objectives: Glycation occurs in a variety of human tissues and organs. Knowledge about the relationship between predictive biochemical factors such as absorption of glycated nail proteins and severity of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains limited. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of patients with type 2 DM and DR (n = 32) and a control group (n = 28). Each patient underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination. The glycation process in nail clippings was evaluated in stages of in vitro glycation and deglycation stages. ATR–FTIR spectroscopy was used to calculate the infrared absorption in the region of interest. The absorption of solutions with nail clippings was evaluated by NanoDrop spectrophotometry. Absorption spectra differences before and after the exposure to fructosamine 3-kinase were compared between DM patients with DR and the control group. Results: The absorption of glycated nail protein greater than 83.00% increased the chance of developing DM and DR (OR = 15.909, 95% CI 3.914–64.660, p < 0.001). Absorption of glycated nail protein by ATR–FTIR spectroscopy in patients with DM and DR in vitro glycation was statistically significantly higher than in the control group; also absorption of solution with nails by NanoDrop spectroscopy was statistically significantly higher than in controls in vitro glycation and in vitro deglycation. After exposure to fructosamine 3-kinase, absorption of nail protein in DM + severe/proliferative DR group was statistically significantly lower in comparison with DM + mild/moderate group DR. Conclusions: Evaluation of glycated nail protein could be applied to evaluate the risk of having DM and for long-term observation of DM control.

scholarly journals Cost and Scalability Analysis of Porcine Islet Isolation for Islet Transplantation: Comparison of Juvenile, Neonatal and Adult Pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 967-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Vanderschelden ◽  
Mayilone Sathialingam ◽  
Michael Alexander ◽  
Jonathan R. T. Lakey
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Human Islets ◽  
High Price ◽  
Porcine Islets ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Porcine Islet ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

The limited availability of human islets has led to the examination of porcine islets as a source of clinically suitable tissue for transplantation in patients with diabetes mellitus. Islets from porcine donors are commonly used in both in vitro and in vivo experiments studying diabetes mellitus. However, there are significant differences in quality and quantity of islet yield depending on donor pig age, as well as substantial differences in the costs of pancreas procurement in adult versus neonatal and juvenile pigs. In this study, we compared the total cost per islet of juvenile pig pancreata with that of neonatal and adult pigs. Although adult porcine pancreata yield, on average, more than five times the amount of islets than do juvenile and neonatal pancreata, we found that the high price of adult pigs led to the cost per islet being more than twice that of juvenile and neonatal islets (US $0.09 vs $0.04 and $0.02, respectively). In addition, neonatal and juvenile islets are advantageous in their scalability and retention of viability after culture. Our findings indicate that isolating neonatal and juvenile porcine islets is more cost-effective and scalable than isolating adult porcine islets.

Platelet Survival and Antiplatelet Drugs in Diabetes Mellitus Disease

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Bremer ◽  
E. Jacobi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Platelet Adhesiveness ◽  
Platelet Survival ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Diabetic Gangrene ◽  
Modifying Effect ◽  
Healthy Persons

Platelet survival and platelet adhesiveness was measured in patients with long time diabetes mellitus in need of insulin. They are characterized by the complications of diabetic gangrene, neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy. Compared to a control group of healthy persons, patients with diabetes show a significant decrease in platelet survival (normal persons t/2 = 4.1; diabetics t/2 = 3.24).SH 1117, a dipyridamole derivative, alone in doses of 500 mg three times per day, has little modifying effect on platelet consumption. By the application of a combination of 75 mg dipyridamole and 330 mg acetylsalicylic acid, a normalization of platelet survival and platelet adhesiveness is achieved.

Momordica charantia Extracts in Selected Media:Screening of Phytochemical Content and In vitro Evaluation of Anti-Diabetic Properties

2016 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flora-Glad Chizoba Ekezie ◽  
W. Jessie Suneetha ◽  
K. Uma Maheswari ◽  
T. N. V. K. V. Prasad ◽  
B. Anila Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Bitter Gourd ◽  
Phytochemical Content ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a multifunctional disorder which is increasing rapidly in most parts of the world. It has been estimated that up to one third of patients with diabetes mellitus use some form of complementary and alternative medicine. One plant that has received the most attention for its anti-diabetic properties is Momordica charantia commonly referred to as bitter gourd. In this study, bitter gourd was extracted in various media i.e. ethanol, water, citric acid, sodium carbonate and sodium chloride. The samples were evaluated for their in-vitro ability to inhibit α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes activity. Ethanol extract was observed to have maximum inhibition against these enzymes. The IC<sub>50</sub> values recorded for inhibition of α-amylase activity were 81.34, 87.56, 83.89, 97.71 and 83.12 μg/ml respectively for crude extracts of ethanol, water, citric acid, Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub> and NaCl. Similarly, the ability of extracts to inhibit α-glucosidase was reflected in the result pattern ethanol&lt;Na<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>3</sub>&lt;NaCl&lt;aqueous&lt;citric acid (i.e. 72.81&lt;75.66&lt;80.15&lt;81.22&lt;83.85 μg/ml). Therefore, ethanol extract has potential applications in developing drug therapy for the treatment of diabetes using bitter gourd.

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