scholarly journals Comparing experimental conditions using modern statistics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Bernard Martens
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Applied Psychology ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Log Likelihood ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Psychology Community ◽  
Intuitive Interface

Abstract While the applied psychology community relies on statistics to assist drawing conclusions from quantitative data, the methods being used mostly today do not reflect several of the advances in statistics that have been realized over the past decades. We show in this paper how a number of issues with how statistical analyses are presently executed and reported in the literature can be addressed by applying more modern methods. Unfortunately, such new methods are not always supported by widely available statistical packages, such as SPSS, which is why we also introduce a new software platform, called ILLMO (for Interactive Log-Likelihood MOdeling), which offers an intuitive interface to such modern statistical methods. In order to limit the complexity of the material being covered in this paper, we focus the discussion on a fairly simple, but nevertheless very frequent and important statistical task, i.e., comparing two experimental conditions.

scholarly journals The Possibilities of Orthophotos Application for Calculation of Ecological Stability Coefficient Purposes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3017
Author(s):  
Jakub Chromčák ◽  
Daša Bačová ◽  
Pavol Pecho ◽  
Anna Seidlová
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Geodetic Measurement ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Gis Software

Hand in hand with the increasing interest in the environment, this work puts the spotlight on ecological stability itself. The Coefficient of Ecological Stability (CES) indicates a chosen region’s stability level that may be calculated using various methodical instructions. For exact CES determination, it is necessary to divide the area of interest correctly into predefined classes and the division quality has a direct impact on the final CES value precision which presents its informative value. For CES calculations in the past, terrestrial measurements and processing were used. Regarding the new methods of spatial data acquisition such as photogrammetry or remote sensing, there comes the question of the usage of these data for secondary purposes, such as for ecology. This articles goal is to test the use of the images taken by an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for CES calculation. The main objective is to highlight the possibility of a UAV to measure CES without terrestrial measurements. The second objective is to compare the actual formulas for CES calculation and to observe the differences between the results from different calculations. Another aim is to show the inconsistency of calculations which lead to legislative unification. The aim is to apply a new method of CES calculation using Geographic Information System (GIS) software and modern methods of data acquisition and to point out the benefits, mainly including the time factor, which is closely related to the terrestrial geodetic measurement, when the CES value is about to be calculated for such a spacious area.

From alpha to omega and beyond! A look at the past, present, and (possible) future of psychometric soundness in the Journal of Applied Psychology.

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (12) ◽  
pp. 1351-1381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose M. Cortina ◽  
Zitong Sheng ◽  
Sheila K. Keener ◽  
Kathleen R. Keeler ◽  
Leah K. Grubb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Applied Psychology ◽  
The Past

The Evolution of Lead Extraction

2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Melanie Maytin ◽  
Laurence M Epstein ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Lead Extraction ◽  
Significant Morbidity ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Extraction Technology ◽  
Device Management ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Life Threatening

Prior to the introduction of successful intravascular countertraction techniques, options for lead extraction were limited and dedicated tools were non-existent. The significant morbidity and mortality associated with these early extraction techniques limited their application to life-threatening situations such as infection and sepsis. The past 30 years have witnessed significant advances in lead extraction technology, resulting in safer and more efficacious techniques and tools. This evolution occurred out of necessity, similar to the pressure of natural selection weeding out the ineffective and highly morbid techniques while fostering the development of safe, successful and more simple methods. Future developments in lead extraction are likely to focus on new tools that will allow us to provide comprehensive device management and the design of new leads conceived to facilitate future extraction. With the development of these new methods and novel tools, the technique of lead extraction will continue to require operators that are well versed in several methods of extraction. Garnering new skills while remembering the lessons of the past will enable extraction technologies to advance without repeating previous mistakes.

Synthesis of Drugs and Biorelevant N-heterocycles Employing Recent Advances in C-N Bond Formation

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (20) ◽  
pp. 2293-2340
Author(s):  
Firdoos Ahmad Sofi ◽  
Prasad V. Bharatam
Keyword(s):  
Kinase Inhibitors ◽  
Bond Formation ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
Lead Compounds ◽  
Heterocyclic Molecules ◽  
The Past ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Bond Formation Reactions

C-N bond formation is a particularly important step in the generation of many biologically relevant heterocyclic molecules. Several methods have been reported for this purpose over the past few decades. Well-known named reactions like Ullmann-Goldberg coupling, Buchwald-Hartwig coupling and Chan-Lam coupling are associated with the C-N bond formation reactions. Several reviews covering this topic have already been published. However, no comprehensive review covering the synthesis of drugs/ lead compounds using the C-N bond formation reactions was reported. In this review, we cover many modern methods of the C-N bond formation reactions, with special emphasis on metal-free and green chemistry methods. We also report specific strategies adopted for the synthesis of drugs, which involve the C-N bond formation reactions. Examples include anti-cancer, antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, anti-atherosclerotic, anti-histaminic, antibiotics, antibacterial, anti-rheumatic, antiepileptic and anti-diabetic agents. Many recently developed lead compounds generated using the C-N bond formation reactions are also covered in this review. Examples include MAP kinase inhibitors, TRKs inhibitors, Polo-like Kinase inhibitors and MPS1 inhibitors.

scholarly journals PyroMEMS as Future Technological Building Blocks for Advanced Microenergetic Systems

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Jean-Laurent Pouchairet ◽  
Carole Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Building Block ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Technological Evolution ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Function Block ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Safety And Reliability ◽  
Electronically Controllable

For the past two decades, many research groups have investigated new methods for reducing the size and cost of safe and arm-fire systems, while also improving their safety and reliability, through batch processing. Simultaneously, micro- and nanotechnology advancements regarding nanothermite materials have enabled the production of a key technological building block: pyrotechnical microsystems (pyroMEMS). This building block simply consists of microscale electric initiators with a thin thermite layer as the ignition charge. This microscale to millimeter-scale addressable pyroMEMS enables the integration of intelligence into centimeter-scale pyrotechnical systems. To illustrate this technological evolution, we hereby present the development of a smart infrared (IR) electronically controllable flare consisting of three distinct components: (1) a controllable pyrotechnical ejection block comprising three independently addressable small-scale propellers, all integrated into a one-piece molded and interconnected device, (2) a terminal function block comprising a structured IR pyrotechnical loaf coupled with a microinitiation stage integrating low-energy addressable pyroMEMS, and (3) a connected, autonomous, STANAG 4187 compliant, electronic sensor arming and firing block.

Machine learning for rediscovering revolutionary ideas of the past

2021 ◽  
pp. 105971232098304
Author(s):  
R Alexander Bentley ◽  
Joshua Borycz ◽  
Simon Carrignon ◽  
Damian J Ruck ◽  
Michael J O’Brien
Keyword(s):  
Language Processing ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Phylogenetic Inference ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Inherent Nature ◽  
Social Learning Processes ◽  
High Level ◽  
Scientific Ideas ◽  
Revolutionary Science

The explosion of online knowledge has made knowledge, paradoxically, difficult to find. A web or journal search might retrieve thousands of articles, ranked in a manner that is biased by, for example, popularity or eigenvalue centrality rather than by informed relevance to the complex query. With hundreds of thousands of articles published each year, the dense, tangled thicket of knowledge grows even more entwined. Although natural language processing and new methods of generating knowledge graphs can extract increasingly high-level interpretations from research articles, the results are inevitably biased toward recent, popular, and/or prestigious sources. This is a result of the inherent nature of human social-learning processes. To preserve and even rediscover lost scientific ideas, we employ the theory that scientific progress is punctuated by means of inspired, revolutionary ideas at the origin of new paradigms. Using a brief case example, we suggest how phylogenetic inference might be used to rediscover potentially useful lost discoveries, as a way in which machines could help drive revolutionary science.

scholarly journals SpheroidPicker for automated 3D cell culture manipulation using deep learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Istvan Grexa ◽  
Akos Diosdi ◽  
Maria Harmati ◽  
Andras Kriston ◽  
Nikita Moshkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Precision Medicine ◽  
High Throughput Screening ◽  
Standard Sample ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
3D Cell Culture ◽  
Syringe Pump ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
The Past

AbstractRecent statistics report that more than 3.7 million new cases of cancer occur in Europe yearly, and the disease accounts for approximately 20% of all deaths. High-throughput screening of cancer cell cultures has dominated the search for novel, effective anticancer therapies in the past decades. Recently, functional assays with patient-derived ex vivo 3D cell culture have gained importance for drug discovery and precision medicine. We recently evaluated the major advancements and needs for the 3D cell culture screening, and concluded that strictly standardized and robust sample preparation is the most desired development. Here we propose an artificial intelligence-guided low-cost 3D cell culture delivery system. It consists of a light microscope, a micromanipulator, a syringe pump, and a controller computer. The system performs morphology-based feature analysis on spheroids and can select uniform sized or shaped spheroids to transfer them between various sample holders. It can select the samples from standard sample holders, including Petri dishes and microwell plates, and then transfer them to a variety of holders up to 384 well plates. The device performs reliable semi- and fully automated spheroid transfer. This results in highly controlled experimental conditions and eliminates non-trivial side effects of sample variability that is a key aspect towards next-generation precision medicine.

Advantages in Environmental Compliance For Maritime Corrosion Control

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Lethe
Keyword(s):  
Material Selection ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Chief Financial Officer ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Traditional Procedure ◽  
Environmentally Sound ◽  
A Company ◽  
Selection Of

The need for environmentally compliant processes and materials in the Painting Industry grows more pressing every day. As the need for these processes grows, so grows the confusion regarding the selection and implementation of these new methods and materials. In the past, price and traditional procedure were the only criteria by which a material was procured. Speed and compliance with Original Equipment Manufacturer specification governed how things were done on the shop floor. With the advent of the environmental regulations, processes are being examined all across the globe. In many of the larger companies, the chief environmental officer has as important a role as the comptroller or Chief Financial Officer. Environmental managers are often not chemists or line painters, and typically, the environmental manager is skilled only in the policies of waste disposal, spill clean up, or remediation. The methods whereby a company can minimize the generation of hazardous waste remain less familiar. Often the examination of possible alternate techniques and materials are left for the last minute, or are conducted by personnel who are unfamiliar with how to make changes work. This is usually a recipe for failure in the implementing of anything new. This paper will suggest methods for selection of alternative products and processes in a clear and organized manner. Salient discussion points will be: 1. Process Examination 2. Material Selection 3. Steps For Successful Implementation 4. Possible Impediments 5. How to Avoid Risky Alternatives It will focus on procedures that will assist in the decision making process, and hopefully be of use in the choosing of environmentally sound equipment, chemicals, and methodologies.

Sino-Vietnamese sources for the Nguyễn Period: an Introduction

1967 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 600-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
The Past ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Remains

‘Les livres historiques sont rares en pays annamite: le climat et les guerres ont concouru a les de truire.’ When he wrote those words in 1904 Pelliot no doubt hoped that they would be true only of the past; but the troubled history of Việt-Nam in the middle decades of the twentieth century has made them also prophetic. Before modern methods for combating the climate could be brought to bear on the problem of archive preservation further wars occurred to destroy even more of the country's historical remains, as well as to disperse many of those which survived.

Modern Methods of Costing Insured Pension Schemes

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-41
Author(s):  
R. E. Snelson
Keyword(s):  
Basic Function ◽  
Cost Estimates ◽  
Professional Advice ◽  
The Past ◽  
Funding System ◽  
Pension Schemes ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
The Subject

1. In the past, concepts of funding and methods of costing have frequently been discussed in papers submitted to the Institute and the Students' Society usually with particular emphasis on selfadministered funds. There is still scope for further thought on the subject of funding methods and it is hoped that this paper will provide an opportunity for further discussion with particular reference to insured schemes. Life offices are not in the same position as consulting actuaries since their basic function is to insure the benefits required rather than to give professional advice. At the same time they have a responsibility to ensure that their costing methods are basically sound and that the issues involved are not misrepresented to their prospective and current policyholders. In recent years there has been a tremendous demand for final salary arrangements using the controlled funding system of administration but little attempt has been made to codify the principles which ought to be followed in making cost estimates.

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