The impact of local community agricultural practices on livelihood security and forest degradation around the Tesso Nilo national park in Riau Province, Sumatra, Indonesia

Concessioners play an important role in park and protected area management by providing visitor services. Historically, concessioners were criticized for their negative impacts on environmental sustainability. However, due to policy changes, technological advances, and shifting market demands, there is a need to reevaluate the role of concessioners in sustainable destination management in and around parks and protected areas. The purpose of this qualitative case study situated in Grand Teton National Park (GTNP), which was guided by social exchange theory, was to explore U.S. national park concessioners’ influence on sustainable development at the destination level from the perspective of National Park Service (NPS) staff, concessioners, and local community members. Sustainability was examined holistically as a multifaceted construct with integrated socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental dimensions. Twenty-three participants completed semistructured interviews. Researchers identified four thematic categories describing concessioners’ influence on sustainability; motivations and barriers to pursuing sustainability initiatives; and situational factors that facilitated concessioners’ sustainability actions. While participants commented on the negative environmental impacts of concessioners and their operations, these data suggest that concessioners were working individually and collaboratively to promote environmental, socioeconomic, and cultural sustainability in and around GTNP. Some concessioners were even described as leaders, testing and driving the development of innovative sustainability policies and practices. These actions were motivated, in part, by contractual obligations and profit generation. However, concessioners also had strong intangible motivators, such as intrinsic values and a strong sense of community, that drove their positive contributions to sustainability. Based on these data, we recommend that those involved in future theoretical and practical work with concessioners acknowledge the importance of both tangible and intangible motivators when attempting to promote higher levels of sustainability achievement and collaboration. This will become increasingly important as land management agencies continue to embrace strategies beyond the traditional “parks as islands” approach to management. Additionally, future work should explore more specifically the role of policy, conceptualizations of sustainability, and private industry sponsorship in promoting concessioners’ contributions to sustainability, especially in collaborative settings. This work is needed to understand if and how these observations generalize to other contexts.

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DAMPAK ZONASI DAN PARIWISATA ATRAKSI HIU PAUS TERHADAP KOMUNITAS KWATISORE

Sodality Jurnal Sosiologi Pedesaan ◽

10.22500/sodality.v4i3.14436 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Rehastidya Rahayu ◽

Soeryo Adiwibowo ◽

Arif Satria

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Qualitative Method ◽

Local Community ◽

Tourist Attraction ◽

Conservation Area ◽

Data Collection Technique ◽

The Impact ◽

Community Access ◽

Depth Interviews ◽

Additional Income

ABSTRACT The establishment of a conservation area, especially the area became a national park is not without a problem. Many research has been done in the area of conservation with the result of people who have long lived in the conservation area be marginalized mainly due to the zoning applied to conservation and tourism. Therefore, this study is intended to explore the impact of zoning and tourism to the marginalization of people living in the national park. This research was conducted in Cenderawasih Bay National Park, especially located in the Kwatisore Village, Nabire District of Papua Province. The method used is qualitative method with data collection technique through in-depth interviews. The research finds, first, zoning do not disturb Kwatisore community access toward resources. Second, tourism gained additional income for the local community by selling souvenir, renting boat, and ritual ceremony for tourist attraction. Third, floating capture fisheries and floating net cage changes fisheries technology and gain additional income. So it can be concluded that zoning, and tourism are not marginalized the Kwatisore community. Keywords: conservation, zoning, tourism, marginalization, community KwatisoreABSTRAK Pembentukan kawasan konservasi, khususnya kawasan yang ditetapkan menjadi taman nasional bukanlah tanpa masalah. Banyak penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa pembentukan suatu kawasan menjadi taman nasional berdampak pada terjadinya marginalisasi terhadap masyarakat terutama masyarakat yang telah lama bermukim di kawasan konservasi karena penetapan zonasi dan pariwisata. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis lebih jauh dampak dari zonasi dan pariwisata terhadap marginalisasi masyarakat yang telah bermukim lama di dalam taman nasional. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Taman Nasional Teluk Cenderawasih khususnya di Kampung Kwatisore, Kabupaten Nabire, Provinsi Papua. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, pertama, implementasi zonasi di kawasan Perairan Kwatisore tidak mempengaruhi akses komunitas Kwatisore terhadap sumber daya alam. Kedua, adanya pariwisata memberikan penghasilan tambahan terhadap komunitas Kwatisore. Tambahan penghasilan berasal dari penjualan souvenir, penyewaan perahu, dan pengadaan upacara adat penyambutan tamu. Ketiga, dilapangan juga ditemukan bahwa keberadaan bagan dan Keramba Jaring Apung (KJA) memberikan perubahan terhadap teknologi penangkapan sekaligus juga memberikan tambahan pendapatan bagi komunitas Kwatisore. Jadi implementasi zonasi, keberadaan pariwisata, bagan dan KJA tidak menyebabkan terjadinya marginalisasi terhadap komunitas Kwatisore. Kata kunci: konservasi, zonasi, pariwisata, marginalisasi, komunitas Kwatisore

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Eco-Social Agriculture for Social Transformation and Environmental Sustainability: A Case Study of the UPAS-Project

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12145510 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (14) ◽

pp. 5510

Author(s):

Sara Nicli ◽

Susanne Ursula Elsen ◽

Armin Bernhard

Keyword(s):

Environmental Sustainability ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Social Transformation ◽

Local Community ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Field Research ◽

Development Project ◽

The Impact ◽

Disadvantaged People

Rural areas are facing vulnerabilities and changes caused by negative social, economic and ecological externalities resulting from industrial agriculture systems. Locally embedded farms and bottom-linked approaches such as social cooperatives that act in the field of social agriculture are small, but valuable models to counteract these trends. This article is based on a case study conducted within the transdisciplinary research and development project Unlocking the Potential of Social Agriculture (UPAS), 2017–2020—financed by the Free University of Bolzano. The main focus of the case study is to determine the impact of social agriculture initiatives on social and healthcare systems, the natural environment and the communities in which they act. Data collection includes a literature review, observations and interviews carried out on 35 case studies of social agriculture initiatives, mainly located in Italy. The field research points out that actors in the sector of social agriculture predominantly aim to integrate disadvantaged people socially and in terms of their labor, base their production on organic methods, and that social agriculture has the potential to foster eco-social transformation and development of rural areas by the combination of social and ecological concerns. Thus, we use the term “eco-social” agriculture to describe these approaches. Furthermore, five components of eco-social agriculture have been defined, which, together, offer an ideal set of acting principles, namely: (1) the empowerment and integration of disadvantaged people, (2) the promotion of environmentally friendly agricultural practices, (3) the protection of nature, resources and cultural landscape, (4) support to the local community, and (5) education for sustainable development.

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Tourism as a Factor of Regional Development: Community Perceptions and Potential Bank Support in the Kopaonik National Park (Serbia)

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11226507 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (22) ◽

pp. 6507 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jovana Brankov ◽

Ivana Penjišević ◽

Nina B. Ćurčić ◽

Branko Živanović

Keyword(s):

Community Involvement ◽

National Park ◽

Local Community ◽

Local Population ◽

Policy Instruments ◽

Tourism Industry ◽

Survey Method ◽

Tourism Impacts ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

The Impact

This paper represents a case study examining perceptions about tourism and reactions of the local community and bank decision makers to its development. The survey method was applied to establish the community’s attitude towards the impact of tourism in different spheres of life in the Kopaonik National Park (Serbia). The sample of 195 adult respondents covered inhabitants of 16 communities located within the wider area of the national park. In parallel, the potential support of banks for tourism development was examined on a sample of 21 banks. The survey results identified strong positive attitudes towards tourism and the presence of tourists among the local population. Compared to other categories, the community’s members employed in tourism had more favorable perceptions of tourism. The findings of the study also revealed that younger and better educated members of the population had more positive attitudes towards tourism impacts. Certain independent economic variables (the impact of tourism on job creation) and non-economic ones (the impact of tourism on activities of the community, reactions to the presence of tourists) significantly predicted the community´s support for tourism. An analysis of potential bank support showed that future community involvement in the tourism industry should be initiated by an adequate approach and credit policy instruments in the wider area of the Kopaonik National park.

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Local Community Participation in the Implementation of REDD+: The Case of Meru Betiri National Park

Jurnal Hubungan Internasional ◽

10.18196/jhi.v9i2.8168 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 112-127

Author(s):

Pradipta Dirgantara

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Community Participation ◽

National Park ◽

Local Community ◽

Single Case ◽

Forest Degradation ◽

Structured Interview ◽

Literature Study ◽

Participation Level ◽

The Government

Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation Plus (REDD+) in Meru Betiri National Park (MBNP) East Java – Indonesia, is considered an essential collaborative program between the Indonesian government, International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO), and surrounding local communities to mitigate climate change and global warming. In its implementation, community participation plays a significant role because they are impacted directly by REDD+, as stated in the Cancun Agreement and Anchorage Declaration of Indigenous Peoples on Climate Change. Therefore, this research focuses on the participation level and how it contributes to the program. This research used the community participation theory from Choguill and benefited from using mixed methods with a single case strategy. Data were gathered through a questionnaire, a semi-structured interview, and a literature study. The results uncovered that the participation level reached conciliation with the least support of three rungs as a degree of participation. At this stage, the local community and government started to realize their interests by supporting each other. Even so, the government had control in enforcing the decision-making process that involved the community in REDD+. In the end, government and stakeholders at the local and national scales should accelerate community participation through law enforcement and full community involvement in implementing REDD+.

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Integrated Cropping Systems—A Multi-discipline Degree

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.568a ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 568a-568

Author(s):

Bill B. Dean

Keyword(s):

General Education ◽

Crop Production ◽

Environmental Science ◽

Local Community ◽

Basic Education ◽

Cropping Systems ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Washington State ◽

Sales Representative ◽

The Impact

Washington State Univ. Tri-Cities offers a new agricultural degree program titled Integrated Cropping Systems. It is intended to provide a basic education on the fundamentals of crop production and the environmental context in which crops are grown. Courses are offered at the upper division level to interface with the lower division courses offered at local community colleges. The curriculum is composed of courses in environmental science, ecology and conservation as well as crop growth and development, crop nutrition, plant pathology integrated pest management and others. Students need to meet the same requirements as those at other Washington State Univ. campuses in regards to the general education requirements. The purpose of the Integrated Cropping Systems program is to provide an educational opportunity for agricultural professionals and others in the region who are unable to commute or move to the main campus location. The curriculum provides the background needed for such occupations as grower/producer, crop scouting, sales representative and other entry level agricultural professions. It will supply credits toward certification through the American Registry of Certified Professional Agricultural Consultants (ARCPACS). Integrated Cropping Systems is a unique agricultural curriculum designed to help agriculturists integrate their production practices into the local ecosystem in a way that the environment does not incur damage. It emphasizes the use of environmentally conscience decisionmaking processes and sound resource ethics. The program will graduate individuals who have heightened awareness of the impact agricultural practices have on the ecosystem in which they are conducted.

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THE IMPACT OF DECENTRALIZATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN UKRAINE

International scientific journal Internauka Series Economical Sciences ◽

10.25313/2520-2294-2020-11-6563 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Lyudmyla Mishchenko ◽

◽

Dmytro Mishchenko ◽

Keyword(s):

Social Entrepreneurship ◽

Local Governments ◽

Poverty Reduction ◽

Social Protection ◽

Local Community ◽

Well Being ◽

Economic Incentives ◽

Social Enterprises ◽

Infrastructural Support ◽

The Impact

The actualization of the results of financial decentralization in Ukraine as part of the reform of decentralization of power and the development of proposals for its improvement is explained by the fact that a clear division of functions, powers and financial resources between national and regional levels is the basis for the well-being of our citizens. opportunities for its sustainable socio- economic development on a democratic basis. It is noted that financial decentralization is a process of giving authority to mobilize revenues and expenditures of local governments in order to increase the effectiveness of the implementation of these powers and better management of community budgets. It is established that unlike traditional entrepreneurship, which focuses on profit generation, the purpose of social entrepreneurship is to create and accumulate social capital. Abroad, social enterprises operate successfully in the fields of education, the environment, human rights, poverty reduction and health care, and their development and dissemination is one way to improve the living conditions of citizens. A similar mission is entrusted to local governments, which allows us to consider the revival of social entrepreneurship as an important element in improving self-government policy. It is determined that in modern conditions social entrepreneurship is one of the tools to ensure the ability of the local community to provide its members with an appropriate level of education, culture, health, housing and communal services, social protection, etc., as well as plan and implement programs efficient use of available natural and human resources, investment and infrastructural support of territorial communities. Due to financial decentralization, local governments have received additional resources that can be used to create economic incentives to promote social entrepreneurship in small and medium-sized businesses at the community level.

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Wasur National Park Hall's Role In Raising The Local People's Income Wasur Village

Musamus Journal of Public Administration ◽

10.35724/mjpa.v2i01.2459 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (01) ◽

pp. 44-52

Author(s):

Paul Adryani Moento ◽

Nikolaus Unawekla

Keyword(s):

Forest Fires ◽

Local Governments ◽

National Park ◽

Local Community ◽

Counseling Center ◽

Monitoring And Evaluation ◽

Field Studies ◽

Oil Refining ◽

Salted Fish ◽

Park Area

The welfare level of the population in Wasur Park village is still very low and most still hang its life by taking the result of the forest. This study aims to analyze the role of Wasur Park National Park in increasing local people's income. The method by which researchers use a qualitative approach, while the data collection techniques consist of library studies and field studies through observation, interviews. The process of data analysis includes data reduction, data presentation, and the conclusion of the empowerment of the National Park Wasur Park Hall is counseling to the local community in the framework of the Empowerment Program of local Kampung Wasur Park. In the empowerment, Wasur Park National Park is coordinating with local governments to see the development of local community data. The real evidence of Wasur Park National Park through empowerment is the establishment of a rural forestry Counseling Center (SPKP). The establishment of a rural forestry Counseling Center (SPKP) in Wasur Village, implemented after the implementation of education and training of village studies in participatory. Furthermore, Wasur Park National Park Hall conducts construction. The construction is a construction of small industry of eucalyptus oil refining, the manufacture of salted fish, medicinal plants, and the cultivation of commercial crops. Then the community in providing coaching through socialization by providing science about preserving the forest and protection and safeguarding the potential of Wasur National Park area. Then Wasur Park National Park Hall conducts supervision. Supervision conducted by the National Park Hall Wasur Park is monitoring against the hunting of many protected animals located in Wasur Park National Park area. In the Garden Hall program, Wasur Park is monitoring and evaluation of habitat and population. The Wasur Park National Park Hall conducts a regular patrol, preventing wild hunters from Wasur Park National Park. Then patrol is also done to prevent forest fires.

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Social media reveal ecoregional variation in how weather influences visitor behavior in U.S. National Park Service units

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-82145-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Emily J. Wilkins ◽

Peter D. Howe ◽

Jordan W. Smith

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

National Park Service ◽

Spatial Behavior ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

Daily Maximum Temperature ◽

Daily Maximum ◽

Daily Weather ◽

Visitor Behavior ◽

Park Service ◽

The Impact

AbstractDaily weather affects total visitation to parks and protected areas, as well as visitors’ experiences. However, it is unknown if and how visitors change their spatial behavior within a park due to daily weather conditions. We investigated the impact of daily maximum temperature and precipitation on summer visitation patterns within 110 U.S. National Park Service units. We connected 489,061 geotagged Flickr photos to daily weather, as well as visitors’ elevation and distance to amenities (i.e., roads, waterbodies, parking areas, and buildings). We compared visitor behavior on cold, average, and hot days, and on days with precipitation compared to days without precipitation, across fourteen ecoregions within the continental U.S. Our results suggest daily weather impacts where visitors go within parks, and the effect of weather differs substantially by ecoregion. In most ecoregions, visitors stayed closer to infrastructure on rainy days. Temperature also affects visitors’ spatial behavior within parks, but there was not a consistent trend across ecoregions. Importantly, parks in some ecoregions contain more microclimates than others, which may allow visitors to adapt to unfavorable conditions. These findings suggest visitors’ spatial behavior in parks may change in the future due to the increasing frequency of hot summer days.

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