scholarly journals FINANCIAL AUTHORIZATION OF PROVINCES UNDER 18TH CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT IN PAKISTAN: A CASE STUDY OF THE 7TH NFC (NATIONAL FINANCE COMMISSION) AWARD

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
Ansa Javed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Federal Government ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
Constitutional Amendment ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
National Assembly ◽  
Provincial Level ◽  
Law Making

Since inception, Pakistan is having a federal democracy. Provinces are authorized in the important subjects with regard to public services of the economy including security and law making at Provincial level. The first part of the paper briefly discusses the 18th amendment which was incorporated by the National Assembly of Pakistan on 8th April 2010. The amendment has not only brought major changes in the constitution of 1973 but has redefined the correlation between the two significant tiers of the governments. Central government was entrusted with the domains such as defense, currency and foreign affairs etc. while all the residuary powers were given to the Provinces. The second part of the paper primarily focuses the empowerment of the provinces in terms of financial matters under 7th NFC Award. Pakistan has designed an elegant fiscal arrangement under National Finance Commission (NFC) which has chalked out the procedure for distribution of national revenue between the federal government and the governments of federating units. Along with the comparison of previous six NFC awards this paper briefly discusses the need and importance of the 7th NFC Award. Similarly the challenges faced by the federal and provincial governments are discussed in detail

Case study 3

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewan Ferlie ◽  
Sue Dopson ◽  
Chris Bennett ◽  
Michael D. Fischer ◽  
Jean Ledger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Management Consulting ◽  
Organizational Redesign ◽  
Management Consultants ◽  
Management Knowledge ◽  
Problems And Solutions ◽  
Financial Interests ◽  
The Way

The chapter discusses management consultants and consulting knowledge in health care, highlighting significant expenditure on consultancy and how consultants have shaped thinking in public services, which some critics suggest has served consultants’ own (financial) interests. The chapter then discusses the way consultants mobilize management knowledge and frame clients’ problems and solutions. It discusses an empirical case study of a consultancy project to redesign NHS organizations to make substantial ‘efficiency savings’. Here, consultants framed the NHS’s problem and solution, and then imposed an organizational redesign. Local NHS managers and clinicians framed the NHS’s problem differently, doubting the consultants’ framing and proposing redesign, but feeling unable to engage in dialogue about these concerns. Consequently, they engaged with the project in a calculated and defensive way, superficially accepting the redesign while waiting for its implementation to fail. Thus, the chapter demonstrates framing politics surrounding management consulting knowledge.

The Kothari Saga (1965–85)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.V. Vaidyanatha Ayyar
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Central Government ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Constitutional Amendment ◽  
Educational Discourse ◽  
Congress Party ◽  
World Class ◽  
World Class Universities ◽  
National Policy On Education

This chapter outlines the exceptional composition of the landmark Kothari Commission, and its blend of idealism and realism. It offers a succinct account of the recommendations of the Kothari Commission, and the ferocious opposition to its recommendations regarding elementary and higher education, language policy, and the establishment of world class universities. It presents a candid critique of its recommendation that has become a hardy perennial of Indian educational discourse, namely that Government allocate at least 6 per cent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) to education. It gives a crisp account of Independent India’s first National Policy on Education (1968). It also outlines the Constitutional Amendment of 1978 which made education a ‘concurrent subject’, and the educational initiatives of the short lived Janata Government (1976–8), India’s first non-Congress Party Central Government. It also outlines the key role played by J.P Naik in the Kothari Commission and Janata Government and evolution of his thinking.

Ten Demi-Culverins for Aldeburgh: Whitehall, the Dunkirkers, and a Suffolk Fishing Community, 1625–1630

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Cogswell
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Fishing Community ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Impact

AbstractHistorians have not paid close attention to the activities of freebooters operating out of Dunkirk in the late 1620s. This essay corrects that omission by first studying the threat from Dunkirk to England's east coast and then addressing how the central government, counties, and coastal towns responded. A surprisingly rich vein of manuscript material from Great Yarmouth and particularly from the Suffolk fishing community of Aldeburgh informs this case study of the impact of this conflict around the North Sea.

scholarly journals “Could You, Would You, Should You?” Regulating Cross-Border Travel Through COVID-19 Soft Law in Finland

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-44
Author(s):  
Emilia KORKEA-AHO ◽  
Martin SCHEININ
Keyword(s):  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Soft Law ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Governmental Policy ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The World ◽  
Policy Measures ◽  
Guidelines And Recommendations ◽  
Law Making

In the coronavirus pandemic that has swept the world, the Finnish Government, like many of its peers, has issued policy measures to combat the virus. Many of these measures have been implemented in law, including measures taken under the Emergency Powers Act, or by ministries and regional and local authorities exercising their legal powers. However, some governmental policy measures have been implemented using non-binding guidelines and recommendations. Using border travel recommendations as a case study, this article critically evaluates governmental soft law-making. The debacle over the use of soft law to fight the pandemic in Finland revealed fundamental misunderstandings about the processes and circumstances under which instruments conceived as soft law can be issued, as well as a lack of attention to their effects from a fundamental rights perspective.

Provision of public services by Slovak local governments - Case study social protection – old age: A supply demand mismatch?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Černěnko ◽  
Klaudia Glittová
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Provision Of Services

The aim of the paper is to describe the supply of public services in the field of social protection - old age (represented by expenditures in group 10, class 2 of COFOG classification) in relation to the demand for these services represented by the population in the age group 62+ related to the size and region of the local government unit. The analysis of supply and demand takes place at the level of individual local governments and the results are then presented in relation to the size of the municipality and the region. Two approaches were used for the analysis. The first focuses on the description of the current situation through the categorization of local governments according to the approach to the provision of services, and the second consists in regression analysis. The results of the regression analysis suggest that the size of the municipality and the region do not play as important a role in terms of access to the provision of the examined services as indicated by the first, descriptive analysis. To find a "pattern" for local authorities to decide on access to services for the elderly, further research will be needed that takes into account several socio-economic indicators.

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