scholarly journals RELATIONAL STRATEGIES AS A FACTOR OF THE INDUSTRIAL POLICY OF ENTERPRISES OF THE RUSSIAN NORTH AND ARCTIC

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (2/2020) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
V. A. Leventsov ◽  
◽  
V.V. Gluhov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Far East ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The North ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Relational Strategies

In the beginning of this year, key development priorities of the Arctic region of Russia were presented, which should become the basis for the Development Strategy of the Russia Arctic until 2035 prepared by the Ministry of the Far East and Arctic Development. Its main goal is to improve the level and quality of life through development of human capital, balanced spatial development, development of the economy of renewable natural resources (local production), implementation of large investmentand infrastructure projects, environmental management, etc.Accordingly, industrial enterprises of the North and the Arctic of Russia are faced with the most important task of producing competitive, innovative products, which requires consolidation of allkinds of resources that are always lacking, especially during the economic recession, low oil prices and the coronavirus pandemic.The purpose of the article is to show the role of the use of the relational strategy by industrial enterprises of the Northand the Arctic of Russia as an important factor in their industrial policy.Relational strategies of enterprises mean strategies aimed at forming their relational space as a set of links between them that create partnership advantages in order to obtain relational profit for participants.The article presents the authors’ model for forming relational strategies, consisting of five stages with their description, an algorithm for assessing relational interaction, and also considers the use of relational strategy as an important factor in the industrial policy of enterprises of the North and the Arctic of Russia.

scholarly journals The Arctic Five: search for a balance of power in the region

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 276-287
Author(s):  
I. S. Doroshenko
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
Northern Latitudes ◽  
The Development Strategy ◽  
Northern Territories ◽  
The Arctic Region

Due to climate change, the Arctic region becomes a place of geopolitical rivalry of both Arctic and non-Arctic states. Traditional formats for determining the agenda in the region are effective, but with the advent of the interest of an increasing number of international actors, these formats are transforming, which may affect the balance of power in the region. The growing activity of Asian countries in the Arctic, primarily China, is forcing regional states to make adjustments to the development strategy of the region. The rapid renewal of its potential in the northern territories of Russia caused a negative reaction from the western countries, especially after 2014.Such aspirations have emerged as the internationalization of the region by Northern Europe and China, the desire to draw clear boundaries on the part of Russia and Canada, and the buildup of US influence on its colleagues in the North Atlantic bloc. This situation may cause an uncontrolled increase in tension in the region, especially if new alliances between the Arctic and non-Arctic countries are created. The author considers the current approaches of the countries of the Arctic five, analyzes the true motives of internationalization and the role of the format of the Arctic five in maintaining a balance of power and stability in the northern latitudes.

Indigenous Peoples of the Russian North and Their Right to Traditional Fishing

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Andreyevna Zmyvalova
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Far East ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
Russian North ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Right ◽  
Traditional Fishing

The preservation of the traditional livelihood of the indigenous peoples of the Russian North is one of the State’s policy priorities in the Russian Federation. This is declared in such documents as, inter alia, the Development Strategy of the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation and the National Security for the period up to 2020 and the Paper on the Sustainable Development of the Indigenous Small-Numbered Peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East of Russia for the period up to 2025. Fishing is one of the basic traditional practices for the indigenous peoples of the Russian North. Despite the legal recognition of the right to traditional fishing of indigenous peoples, the practical realization of this right is complicated. While analysing the current situation, the author attempts to shed some light on the reasons of the problematic realization of this right.

GREAT VICTORY ECONOMY: ARCTIC INDUSTRY DURING THE 1941–1945 WAR

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1115-1128
Author(s):  
S.S. Vopilovskiy ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Region ◽  
Energy System ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
North West ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
The North ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
Real Picture ◽  
The City ◽  
Great Victory

The study presents the activities of the leading industrial enterprises of the Russian Federation Arctic zone during the Great Patriotic War. The mechanism of restructuring civilian industrial enterprises of Murmansk on a war footing in difficult climatic, economic and psychological conditions of war is analyzed. The official documents that marked the beginning of the anti-Hitler coalition were examined. The social composition of the population of the Kola Peninsula has been determined. The heroic work of Murmansk residents at the main industrial enterprises of the city is presented. The role of executives is highlighted. The huge contribution of the key enterprises to achieving the Victory is estimated. The key economic indicators of the industrial enterprises’ activities showing the real picture of the economic situation at the industries in the difficult conditions of the Arctic hostilities are outlined. The labor activity of workers of the most important enterprises of the People’s Commissariat for Fishery of the USSR in the city of Murmansk in terms of their industrial importance: seaport, fishing port, shipyard, Kirov railway, Kola regional energy system is presented. It has been determined that these enterprises are still the main economy base of the Arctic region nowadays. The purpose of the study is to assess the Soviet control system in wartime period 1941-1945 for the defeat of Nazi Germany. The preservation and further development of the leading industrial enterprises of the city of Murmansk and the Murmansk region is substantiated. It is determined that the heroic labor of the northerners made a significant contribution to the approach of the Victory. Celebrating the 75th anniversary of the Great Victory of the Soviet people over the enemy, today’s Murmansk residents preserve the bright memory of all residents of the military Murmansk. Today Murmansk is the largest industrial center at the North-West of Russia.

scholarly journals Synoptic climatological approach associated with three recent summer heatwaves in the Canadian Arctic

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (S1) ◽  
pp. 233-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farahnaz Fazel-Rastgar
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Arctic Sea Ice ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The North ◽  
Pressure Centre ◽  
Temperature Records ◽  
Arctic Temperature

Abstract The observed unusually high temperatures in the Arctic during recent decades can be related to the Arctic sea ice declines in summer 2007, 2012 and 2016. Arctic dipole formation has been associated with all three heatwaves of 2007, 2012 and 2016 in the Canadian Arctic. Here, the differences in weather patterns are investigated and compared with normal climatological mean (1981–2010) structures. This study examines the high-resolution datasets from the North American Regional Reanalysis model. During the study periods, the north of Alaska has been affected by the low-pressure tongue. The maximum difference between Greenland high-pressure centre and Alaska low-pressure tongue for the summers of 2012, 2016 and 2007 are 8 hPa, 7 hPa and 6 hPa, respectively, corresponding and matching to the maximum summer surface Canadian Arctic temperature records. During anomalous summer heatwaves, low-level wind, temperatures, total clouds (%) and downward radiation flux at the surface are dramatically changed. This study shows the surface albedo has been reduced over most parts of the Canadian Arctic Ocean during the mentioned heatwaves (∼5–40%), with a higher change (specifically in the eastern Canadian Arctic region) during summer 2012 in comparison with summer 2016 and summer 2007, agreeing with the maximum surface temperature and sea ice decline records.

scholarly journals The nuclear icebreaker fleet of Russia in the first quarter of the XXI century. Challenges and prospects for the development of the Northern Sea Route

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-25
Author(s):  
Ю.Л. Бордученко ◽  
И.Г. Малыгин ◽  
В.Ю. Каминский ◽  
В.А. Аксенов
Keyword(s):  
Decisive Role ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Seas ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The North ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Current State ◽  
Northern Sea Route ◽  
Transport Problems

Арктическая зона в XXI веке становится важнейшим гарантом устойчивого развития Российской Федерации. Вклад Севера в экономику России во многом будет определяться масштабами и темпами развития Арктической транспортной системы. Необходимо расширение коммерческого и научно-исследовательского судоходства, развитие транспортных узлов и коридоров, полярной авиации, грузопассажирских морских полярных перевозок. В этих условиях Россия в целях обеспечения своих геополитических интересов должна постоянно поддерживать активное присутствие в этом регионе. Оно выражается в проведении научных исследований, разведке и добыче полезных ископаемых, обеспечении морских грузоперевозок с использованием ледоколов и специализированных ледокольно-транспортных судов. Этого невозможно достичь без развития уникального атомного ледокольного флота. В настоящее время Россия является мировым лидером в области применения атомного ледокольного флота для решения транспортных задач в морях Арктики и неарктических замерзающих морях. Для успешной конкуренции России необходимо не упускать этого лидерства и постоянно развивать и совершенствовать атомный ледокольный флот как ключевое звено инфраструктуры функционирования Северного морского пути. В статье представлен краткий обзор текущего состояния и перспектив развития атомного ледокольного флота России. Показана определяющая роль атомного ледокольного флота в обеспечении судоходства по трассам Северного морского пути для развития экономики Арктического региона России. The Arctic zone in the XXI century is becoming the most important guarantor of the sustainable development of the Russian Federation. The contribution of the North to the Russian economy will largely be determined by the scale and pace of development of the Arctic Transport System. It is necessary to expand commercial and research shipping, develop transport hubs and corridors, polar aviation, and cargo and passenger sea polar transportation. In these circumstances, Russia must constantly maintain an active presence in this region in order to ensure its geopolitical interests. It is expressed in conducting scientific research, exploration and extraction of minerals, providing sea cargo transportation using icebreakers and specialized icebreaker-transport vessels. This cannot be achieved without the development of a unique nuclear icebreaker fleet. Currently, Russia is a world leader in the use of nuclear-powered icebreaking fleet for solving transport problems in the Arctic seas and non-Arctic freezing seas. For successful competition, Russia must not lose this leadership, constantly develop and improve the nuclear icebreaker fleet as a key link in the infrastructure of the Northern Sea Route. The article provides a brief overview of the current state and prospects for the development of the Russian nuclear icebreaker fleet. The article shows the decisive role of the nuclear icebreaker fleet in ensuring navigation along the Northern Sea Route for the development of the economy of the Arctic region of Russia.

Collaboration Between Russia and the Countries of Northeast Asia in the Arctic

2019 ◽  
pp. 162-184
Author(s):  
Alexander Voronenko ◽  
Mikhail Tomilov ◽  
Sergei Greizik
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Far East ◽  
Northeast Asia ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Economic Paradigm ◽  
Russian Region ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
The Republic

In the 21st century, the Arctic region has become an object of high attention and extensive studies from the side of the international community. The countries of Northeast Asia, particularly China, Japan, and the Republic of Korea, demonstrate their interest in the Arctic issue. Among the opportunities to get involved in the development of the Arctic is the collaboration with Russia. The countries have common interests in the region and complementary opportunities. Moreover, Russia and the countries of Northeast Asia do not have critical disagreements between themselves. The authors argue that the collaboration between Russia and the countries of Northeast Asia can potentially establish a new economic paradigm in the High North. One of the key elements of such collaboration is the Russian region of the Far East, a territory that Russia attempts to develop and integrate into the economy of Northeast Asia. Among other issues, this chapter discusses the capacity of the Far East as a gate through which the countries of Northeast Asia may approach the Arctic.

scholarly journals Impact of 3D-Printing Technologies on the Transformation of Industrial Production in the Arctic Zone

Resources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgenii Konnikov ◽  
Olga Konnikova ◽  
Dmitriy Rodionov
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Production Process ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Industrial Enterprise ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Multiple Model ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Industrial Enterprises

Today the process of transition to a new technological order has become evident to everyone, especially in developed countries. One of the most urgent areas for ensuring the long-term competitiveness of industrial enterprises is the development of the Arctic zone. This region has many economic and logistical difficulties, the solution of which may lie in the use of advanced technologies of the new technological order, for example, 3D-printing technologies. The aim of the article is to study the transformation of the cost structure of industrial products as a result of integration of 3D-printing technologies into the production process of industrial enterprise operating in the Arctic zone. It was found that the structure of the main cost elements varies greatly, due to the ambiguity of replacing computer numerical control (CNC) (or other classical shaping technologies) with 3D-printing technologies, as well as the specifics of supply chains, which is quite urgent for the Arctic region. The results of empirical study necessitate the development of tools for predicting the economic viability of integrating 3D-printing technologies into the technological processes of industrial enterprises operating in the Arctic zone. Within the article, the authors substantiated and developed a fuzzy-multiple model for assessing the level of investment attractiveness of integration of 3D-printing technologies into the production process of an industrial enterprise operating the Arctic zone. One of the aims of this model is to answer the question of whether an enterprise should invest in a technological transition to 3D-printing technologies.

scholarly journals CMIP5 Projections of Arctic Amplification, of the North American/North Atlantic Circulation, and of Their Relationship

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (13) ◽  
pp. 5254-5271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Barnes ◽  
Lorenzo M. Polvani
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Coupled Model ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Cmip5 Models ◽  
Arctic Amplification ◽  
Arctic Warming ◽  
The North ◽  
Sequence Of Events

Abstract Recent studies have hypothesized that Arctic amplification, the enhanced warming of the Arctic region compared to the rest of the globe, will cause changes in midlatitude weather over the twenty-first century. This study exploits the recently completed phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) and examines 27 state-of-the-art climate models to determine if their projected changes in the midlatitude circulation are consistent with the hypothesized impact of Arctic amplification over North America and the North Atlantic. Under the largest future greenhouse forcing (RCP8.5), it is found that every model, in every season, exhibits Arctic amplification by 2100. At the same time, the projected circulation responses are either opposite in sign to those hypothesized or too widely spread among the models to discern any robust change. However, in a few seasons and for some of the circulation metrics examined, correlations are found between the model spread in Arctic amplification and the model spread in the projected circulation changes. Therefore, while the CMIP5 models offer some evidence that future Arctic warming may be able to modulate some aspects of the midlatitude circulation response in some seasons, the analysis herein leads to the conclusion that the net circulation response in the future is unlikely to be determined solely—or even primarily—by Arctic warming according to the sequence of events recently hypothesized.

Entrepreneurial ecosystems in the Russian regions

2018 ◽  
pp. 4-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. P. Zemtsov ◽  
V. L. Baburin
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Far East ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
The North ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Consumer Markets ◽  
Medium Enterprises

The article explains the uneven development of small and medium enterprises in Russia within the framework of the ‘entrepreneurial ecosystems’ concept. A corresponding typology of the Russian regions was carried out according to the proposed model. The most developed ecosystems with highdensity and sectoral diversity of SMEs are formed in regions with access to large consumer markets, capital, and low risks for investors. The least developed SMEs sector is in areas with high costs of doing business: the North Caucasus, the Far East and the Arctic zone, which requires special measures of state policy. The level of development of ecosystems determines their ability to withstand external shocks. The effect of the FIFA World Cup is positive in the hosting regions and in its neighbors. Based on the typology, we proposed differentiated support measures.

scholarly journals Forecasting of Capital Investments into the Fixed Capital in Regions Until 2024: Methods and Results of Territorial Forecast for Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-62
Author(s):  
Irina Grishina
Keyword(s):  
Far East ◽  
Fixed Capital ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Capital Investments ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Fixed Investment ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
The North ◽  
Regional Investment

The aim of the study is to improve the methodology of forecasting of the territorial proportions of fixed capital investments within the medium-term forecast of the social and economic development of Russia. The author proposes a method of decomposition of predicted national indicators at the regional level which takes into account the prospects of attracting private investments and implementing large investment projects with the state participation. The researcher describes the system of factors determining the interregional differences of private investors’ activity and forming the metric basis of complex estimation of the regional investment attractiveness using the official statistics. The paper presents the list and methods for estimating the indicators characterizing the production, financial, consumer, institutional, innovative, infrastructure and natural-resource components of the region’s investment potential, as well as social, environmental and technological regional investment risks. The paper shows the opportunities of using the functional relationship for the medium-term forecasting between the integral regional indicators of the investment attractiveness and activity. The national forecast has been decomposed by calculating the individual regional deviations of the forecasted national growth rate of fixed investment in Russia for 2019–2024. The developed variants of perspective territorial proportions confirm the possibility to achieve the national target of the forecast presented as a 25 percent share of the fixed investment in GDP of Russia and reflect the core perspective destinations of development for different parts of the country – the accelerated development of the Far East, the Arctic zone, the largest metropolitan areas of Russia, as well as the provision of national security in the geostrategic regions of the North Caucasus and Southern Federal Districts. The approach is designed to support the administrative decisions concerning the spatial development by linking regional and investment policy priorities.

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