scholarly journals Modeling of development scenarios for industrial-natural system

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5-2021) ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Alexander Ya. Fridman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural System ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Operational Management

An interrelated set of methods for synthesis, static and dynamic comparison of various admissible scenarios for development of industrial-natural systems is briefly introduced and analyzed. These methods make it possible to solve various issues of design, strategic and operational management of such systems including emergencies, as well as to coordinate interactions of several decision makers involved within one system.

Simulation of geologic systems: an overview

SIMULATION ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Graeme Bonham-Carter ◽  
John W. Harbaugh
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
System Design ◽  
Operations Research ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Natural System ◽  
Alternative Models ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Systems Philosophy ◽  
Business Applications ◽  
End Members

Systems philosophy provides the theoretical framework linking diverse applications of computer simulation. Natural systems and man-made systems may be regarded as end members of a spectrum of system types. Simula tion of man-made systems employs operations research techniques; the objectives of simulation are to optimize system design and to test the performance of models under differing parameter settings. Simulation of natural systems cannot readily utilize specialized simulation lan guages, as these are designed primarily for industrial and business applications. The objectives of simulating natu ral systems are normally to test alternative models and to see how they react under various conditions; the natural system itself cannot be changed (unless it is partly man- influenced)-only the model can.

STOCHASTIC MODEL OF INFLOW TO RESERVOIR FOR MEDIUM-TERM HYDROLOGICAL FORECASTS WHEN FLOW REGULATING

2021 ◽  
pp. 124-131
Author(s):  
I. G. VELIEV ◽  
◽  
V. V. ILJINICH
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Markov Chain ◽  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Statistical Characteristics ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Forecasting Methods ◽  
Balance Accuracy ◽  
Operational Management ◽  
Runoff Model

The article presents a stochastic model of runoff with a five-day discreteness within the water management years. The analysis performed regarding the main statistical characteristics of the inflow to the Krasnodar reservoir has allowed the conclusion that this model, based on a simple Markov chain, satisfies the balance accuracy of hydrological calculations for operational regulation of the runoff. The performed verification calculations have shown that the proposed method for obtaining medium-term runoff forecasts for 5 days, based on the developed stochastic runoff model, is satisfactory to the criteria of efficiency and accuracy of hydrological forecasting methods used in Russia. The specific example has shown that a stochastic runoff model can be useful to decision-makers regarding the operational management of a reservoir in real time.

Introducing a Conceptual Framework for Spatial Decision SIM

2019 ◽  
pp. 138-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad M. A. Toimah ◽  
Samy M. Z. Afifi
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Integrated Modeling ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Free Access ◽  
Economic Man ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Property Price ◽  
Access Data ◽  
Living Cost

Planning is a time-sensitive process with spatial characteristics as its core. It is effective to formulate spatially-related decisions on an informative background to maximize benefits and minimize risks. Not only decision makers who affect the space, but also users and owners interact with it, affect the related decisions. Thus, it is healthful to widen participation. This chapter introduces a conceptual framework for the Spatial Decision Simulator “SD-SIM.” This work aims to reach a platform that supports spatial decisions made by various stakeholders to provide a capability for integrated modeling of socio-economic, man-made, and natural environmental impacts. It contains four components as a logical target for expressing the evolution of spatial issues and reflecting them into a simulator. These four components are Districts Sub-System, Property Price and Living Cost Simulator, Interventions Sub-System, and Development Scenarios Sub-System. The SD-SIM depends on free-access data sources. Through its sub-systems, the platform integrates different analytical methods and tools.

Treatment of Potato Processing Wastewater with Engineered Natural Systems

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter S. Burgoon ◽  
Robert H. Kadlec ◽  
Mike Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Free Water ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Ammonia Removal ◽  
Natural System ◽  
Vertical Flow ◽  
Potato Processing ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Free Water Surface

A full-scale integrated natural system has been used to treat high strength potato processing water for 2 years. The integrated natural system consists of free water surface and vertical flow wetlands, and a facultative storage lagoon. Influent wastewater averages 2800 mg/L COD, 150 mg/L TN and 350 mg/L TSS. Approximately 5300 m3/d of wastewater flows through the treatment system annually. The treatment objective is a 53% reduction in total nitrogen. The wastewater application permit requires an annual nitrogen load of 500 kg/ha yr on 213 hectares of land used to grow alfalfa and other fodder crops. Free water surface wetlands are used for sedimentation, mineralization of organic matter, and denitrification. Vertical flow wetlands oxidize organic matter and nitrogen. A lagoon provides storage during the winter when irrigation is not possible and functions as a facultative lagoon. Free water surface wetlands were planted with Typha latifolia and Scirpus validus in fall 1995. Wastewater application began in July of 1996. In the summer months COD removal has been greater than 95% through the free water surface wetlands and vertical flow wetlands. The removal rate decreased to about 75% in the winter. Average summer water temperatures are 18°C; average winter water temperatures are 3°C. Ammonia removal through the vertical flow wetlands averages 85% during the summer and 30-50% removal during the winter. Addition of exogenous carbon to the free water surface wetlands resulted in 95% removal of NO3-N. Use of natural systems have proved to be a cost effective treatment alternative for high strength industrial wastewater.

scholarly journals A MULTI-DIMENSIONAL ANALYTICS PLATFORM TO SUPPORT PLANNING AND DESIGN FOR LIVEABLE AND SUSTAINABLE URBAN ENVIRONMENT

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W15 ◽  
pp. 75-80
Author(s):  
S. Sabri ◽  
Y. Chen ◽  
A. Rajabifard ◽  
T. K. Lim ◽  
V. Khoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
3D Mapping ◽  
Mapping Data ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
The Impact

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> New urban strategies encourage compact city and higher density urban development due to unprecedented city growth and rapid urbanisation. This has led to greater attention to multi-dimensional representation, modelling and analytics of urban settings among urban planners, decision makers, and researchers. Nowadays, urban planning and urban design practitioners and scholars leverage the advancements in computer technology and multi-dimensional visualisation in examining the development scenarios from physical, environmental, social, and economic aspects. However, many urban planners still rely on two-dimensional (2D) land information and urban designers use three-dimensional (3D) graphic-based engines to asses a proposed building or assess the impact of changing development regulations. This limits the decision makers from a holistic approach through integrating the urban systems with other application domains such as transport, environmental, and disaster management to ensure the liveability of cities. This paper describes the design, and development of a multi-dimensional and spatially enabled platform to support liveability planning in Singapore. A Quantitative Urban Environment Simulation Tool (QUEST), developed in Singapore, leveraged 3D mapping data captured under the Singapore Land Authority’s (SLA) 3D National Topographic Mapping project. SLA's 3D data including Building Information Model (BIM), CityGML, and other geospatial data (building footprints and land use) were processed and adapted as a service for a series of urban analytics. The paper concludes that the prerequisites for any urban environmental simulation system to be integrated with other application domains are 3D mapping data and a digital urban model, which must be spatially accurate and based on open data standards.</p>

Natura machinata: artifacts and nature as reciprocal models in Vitruvius

Apeiron ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-445
Author(s):  
Courtney Roby
Keyword(s):  
Thought Experiment ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Natural World ◽  
Natural System ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Social Utility ◽  
Natural Phenomenon ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Roman Culture

Abstract The De architectura of Vitruvius represents architecture as a discipline blending elements of theory and practice, science and social utility, and Greek and Roman culture. His vision of architecture accordingly embraces both the natural and the artificial, emphasizing the connections between their governing principles rather than a polar or antagonistic opposition. He uses this connection to clarify and simplify his descriptions of both natural systems and mechanical artifacts, and to reinforce each body of knowledge using what is known from the other. The analogy between the natural and artificial appears as well in other ancient authors, but Vitruvius restructures this analogy in a distinctive way. His version is predicated on the careful observation of a specific set of mechanical artifacts, each chosen because it models some natural phenomenon particularly well. Artifacts that model natural phenomena, such as clocks and celestial models, help the user to visualize natural systems that may not be subject to direct sensory apprehension because of their great size. He insists that mechanical cleverness can elucidate the divinity within the principles of natural phenomena, which would otherwise remain hidden in the heavens. Vitruvius complements this type of modeling with a reciprocal version in which natural phenomena serve as models to shape technological works like theaters. Throughout the De architectura, Vitruvius proposes a variety of ways in which the natural and artificial can model one another. A material model may replicate the behavior of a natural system which is already known from observation; a material model may replicate unknown but hypothesized behavior of such a system; finally, a hypothesized material model may replicate the hypothesized behavior of a natural system through a kind of thought-experiment. Alternatively, the unknown behavior of one natural system may be hypothesized to resemble the behavior of another natural system known from observation, and this hypothesis applied to the design of man-made artifacts. From this viewpoint, describing technological artifacts and explaining the natural world are mutually reinforcing activities. So, in composing the De architectura, Vitruvius is not merely attempting to provide a picture of the state of the art of technology in his day, but is at the same time seeking to communicate a particular technologically-informed way of understanding natura itself.

scholarly journals Modelling feedbacks between human and natural processes in the land system

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek T. Robinson ◽  
Alan Di Vittorio ◽  
Peter Alexander ◽  
Almut Arneth ◽  
C. Michael Barton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Natural System ◽  
Extreme Weather Events ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Coupled Models ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Erosion Processes

Abstract. The unprecedented use of Earth's resources by humans, in combination with the increasing natural variability in natural processes over the past century, is affecting evolution of the Earth system. To better understand natural processes and their potential future trajectories requires improved integration with and quantification of human processes. Similarly, to mitigate risk and facilitate socio-economic development requires a better understanding of how the natural system (e.g., climate variability and change, extreme weather events, and processes affecting soil fertility) affects human processes. To capture and formalize our understanding of the interactions and feedback between human and natural systems a variety of modelling approaches are used. While integrated assessment models are widely recognized as supporting this goal and integrating representations of the human and natural system for global applications, an increasing diversity of models and corresponding research have focused on coupling models specializing in specific human (e.g., decision-making) or natural (e.g., erosion) processes at multiple scales. Domain experts develop these specialized models with a greater degree of detail, accuracy, and transparency, with many adopting open-science norms that use new technology for model sharing, coupling, and high performance computing. We highlight examples of four different approaches used to couple representations of the human and natural system, which vary in the processes represented and in the scale of their application. The examples illustrate how groups of researchers have attempted to overcome the lack of suitable frameworks for coupling human and natural systems to answer questions specific to feedbacks between human and natural systems. We draw from these examples broader lessons about system and model coupling and discuss the challenges associated with maintaining consistency across models and representing feedback between human and natural systems in coupled models.

Exergy-Based Analysis of an Isolated Honduras Community

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Micangeli ◽  
Emanuele Michelangeli ◽  
Marco Ricci ◽  
Enrico Sciubba
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Natural Systems ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
The One ◽  
Post Assessment ◽  
Monetary Circulation

Environmental considerations are an essential part of any energy conversion assessment: especially in the analysis of natural reservations and protected areas, the concept of “environmental impact” has substantially evolved in the last decade, from an ex-post “assessment of ecological damage” to a complex, omni-comprehensive, but also pro-active and detailed, examination of the local and global implications of the interactions of anthropic processes with the biosphere. Evermore complete sets of quantitative measures of the interaction, called Environmental Indicators (El), have been developed with the intent of providing a sufficiently accurate and reliable decision support basis for planners and decision makers. There are though some intrinsic problems about this approach, more acutely felt in the analysis of natural systems: on the one hand, generality conflicts with specificity, and it is often difficult to connect a local El with a more global measure of environmental impact; on the other hand, several of the proposed Els are not completely satisfactory because they lack of a sound physical basis. Extended Exergy is an indicator that seems to overcome the above limitations: it is firmly rooted in thermodynamic principles and is articulated in such a way as to constitute a reliable quantitative measure of the total amount of primary resources consumed in a given conversion chain. The indicator is derived from a quite complex bookkeeping of the exergy fluxes of the system it is applied to, and makes use of two econometric coefficients for this quantification, which are external to the theory and must be calculated on the basis of proper labour and monetary statistics. In this paper, the method is applied to a community in northern Honduras, which is sufficiently remote and ill-connected with the rest of the Country to be considered in practice as an isolated system. The application of the Extended Exergy Accounting method to such a system constitutes an important benchmark, because the Labour fluxes are much more easily measured and the monetary circulation exerts a negligible influence on the evolution of the system.

scholarly journals Application of Imprecise Decision Modeling for Regional Development Policies in Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Novita Erlinda ◽  
Akhmad Fauzi ◽  
Akhmad Fauzi ◽  
Slamet Sutomo ◽  
Slamet Sutomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Decision Modeling ◽  
Development Scenarios ◽  
Environmental Attributes ◽  
Environmental Criteria ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
Decision Alternatives

Regional Development encompasses many aspect of economic, social, and environmental attributes. In the context of developing country, the decision to fulfill these attributes are often hindered by lack of clear development scenarios and constraints. This study is an attempt to capture the complexity of decision makers for regional development scenarios using imprecise decision modeling (IDM) by incorporating imprecise information and uncertainties. A series of social, economic and environmental criteria based on agreement from multi stakeholders dialogues were developed along with four policy development scenarios. Results from such a modeling provides variety of decision alternatives based on probabilities and risk assessment associated with achieving policy objectives.

scholarly journals An ecocentric approach to defining a public park system

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia Aly ◽  
Branka Dimitrijevic
Keyword(s):  
Natural System ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Public Park ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Multiple Components ◽  
Alternative Approach

PurposeThis research aims at examining public parks as a complex, interrelated system in which a public park’s natural system and its man-made system can work together within an ecocentric approach. It will create a framework that can support the design and management of public parks.Design/methodology/approachThe article first introduces previous research and justifies the need for a new approach. It then uses conceptual analysis to examine the concepts that construct a park’s system through previous theoretical research. Finally, the public park system is constructed by synthesising its components and showing the interrelations between them. These components are defined based on previous theoretical and empirical research.FindingsA public park system is defined as consisting of a natural system and a man-made system with multiple components that interact to offer the overall experience in a park. The defined system can be a useful tool for decision-makers, managers and designers in the analysis and evaluation of existing and potential projects to achieve multifunctional parks that are better utilised and have a wider influence.Originality/valueThe research offers an alternative approach for framing public parks that do not deal with their components in isolation from each other. This view of public parks brings together perspectives from different literature into one coherent framework that emphasises mutual dependencies and interactions in one integrated whole.

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