scholarly journals UNA EVOLUCIÓN DE LA MIRADA SOBRE LA COMPLEJIDAD DE LOS OBJETOS MATEMÁTICOS

PARADIGMA ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 107-129
Author(s):  
Vicenç Font ◽  
Luis R. Pino-Fan ◽  
Adriana Breda

Se explica la evolución de una agenda de investigación que se inició con el artículo “Objetos, prácticas y ostensivos asociados. El caso de la cisoide”, publicado el 2001, donde se pretendía mostrar la ingenuidad del punto de vista que consideraba a las representaciones ostensivas de los objetos matemáticos simplemente como diferentes significantes de objetos a-históricos y también se ponía énfasis en la importancia que tenía, para la Didáctica de la Matemáticas, problematizar la visión platónica sobre los objetos matemáticos. Para ello, se tomó como contexto de reflexión la evolución de las diferentes representaciones de la cisoide. El objetivo del artículo tenía aspectos en común con los principios asumidos por el Enfoque Ontosemiótico, por esta razón, el primer autor se fue interesando en la agenda de investigación que proponía dicho enfoque, en particular en cómo conceptualizar, desde una perspectiva pragmatista, el papel de las representaciones, y participó activamente en dar una respuesta, que no fuese platónica, a una de las preguntas que ha sido el motor de desarrollo del Enfoque Ontosemiótico: ¿qué es un objeto matemático y cuál es su significado en una determinada institución? La respuesta a esta pregunta iba de la mano con otro aspecto: la importancia para la Didáctica de la Matemáticas de tener en cuenta la complejidad de los objetos matemáticos, lo cual llevó a los tres autores de este trabajo a investigar sobre la complejidad de diferentes objetos matemáticos, así como sobre la comprensión que tienen los estudiantes de dicha complejidad. En este artículo, además de explicar el camino recorrido que se acaba de comentar, se explica cómo se ha incorporado la idea de “tener en cuenta la complejidad del objeto matemático a enseñar” en algunas experiencias de formación de profesores, donde han participado los autores.Palabras clave: Objeto Matemático. Complejidad del Objeto Matemático. Idoneidad Didáctica. Enfoque Ontosemiótico.  Uma evolução da visão sobre a complexidade dos objetos matemáticosResumoExplica-se a evolução de um processo de pesquisa iniciado com o artigo "Objetos, práticas ostensivas associadas. O caso do cissoide”, publicado em 2001, pretendia-se mostrar a ingenuidade do ponto de vista que considerava as representações ostensivas de objetos matemáticos simplesmente como diferentes significantes de objetos a-históricos, além de enfatizar a importância que eles tinham, para a Didática da Matemática, de problematizar a visão platônica de objetos matemáticos. Para isso, tomou-se como contexto de reflexão, a evolução das diferentes representações do cissoide, cujo objetivo apresentava aspectos em comum com os princípios assumidos pela Abordagem Ontossemiótica. Por essa razão, o primeiro autor foi interessando-se no processo de pesquisa que propunha dita abordagem, em particular em como conceituar, a partir de uma perspectiva pragmatista, o papel das representações, e participou ativamente em dar uma resposta, que não fosse platônica, a uma das perguntas que foi o motor de desenvolvimento da Abordagem Ontossemiótica: o que é um objeto matemático e qual o seu significado em uma determinada instituição? A resposta a esta pergunta vai ao encontro de outro aspecto: a importância para a Didática da Matemática de se ter em conta a complexidade dos objetos matemáticos, o qual levou aos três autores de este trabalho a investigar sobre a complexidade de diferentes objetos matemáticos, assim como sobre a compreensão de dita complexidade apresentadas pelos estudantes e professores. Neste artigo, além de mostrar o caminho percorrido que se acaba de comentar, explica-se como se incorporou a ideia de “ter em conta a complexidade do objeto matemático a ensinar” em algumas experiências de formação de professores, onde participaram os três autores.  Palavras-chave: Objeto Matemático. Complexidade do Objeto Matemático. Adequação didática. Abordagem Ontossemiótica. An evolution of the point of view on the complexity of mathematical objectsAbstractThis work explains the evolution of a research agenda that began with the article “Objects, practices and associated ostensive. The cissoids case”, published in 2001, which was intended to show the ingenuity of the view that regarded the ostensive representations of mathematical objects simply as different signifiers of objects ahistorical and emphasis is also placed on the importance he had, for the Didactics of Mathematics, problematize the Platonic vision of mathematical objects. For this, the evolution of the different representations of the cissoid was taken as a context of reflection. The objective of the article had aspects in common with the principles assumed by the Ontosemiotic Approach, for this reason, the first author became interested in the research agenda that said approach proposed, particularly in how to conceptualize, from a pragmatist perspective, the role of the representations, and actively participated in giving a non-Platonic answer to one of the questions that has been the driving force behind the development of the Ontosemiotic Approach: what is a mathematical object and what is its meaning in a particular institution? The answer to this question is going to meet another aspect: the importance for didactics of mathematics to take into account the complexity of mathematical objects, which led to the three authors of this work to investigate the complexity of different mathematical objects, as well how about the understanding of this complexity presented by students and teachers. In this article, in addition to showing what has just been said, it explains how the idea of “taking into account the complexity of the mathematical object to be taught” was incorporated in some teacher training experiences, where the three authors participated.Keywords: Mathematical Object. Complexity of the Mathematical Object. Didactic suitability. Ontosemiotic Approach.

PARADIGMA ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 107-129
Author(s):  
Vicenç Font ◽  
Luis R. Pino-Fan ◽  
Adriana Breda

Se explica la evolución de una agenda de investigación que se inició con el artículo “Objetos, prácticas y ostensivos asociados. El caso de la cisoide”, publicado el 2001, donde se pretendía mostrar la ingenuidad del punto de vista que consideraba a las representaciones ostensivas de los objetos matemáticos simplemente como diferentes significantes de objetos a-históricos y también se ponía énfasis en la importancia que tenía, para la Didáctica de la Matemáticas, problematizar la visión platónica sobre los objetos matemáticos. Para ello, se tomó como contexto de reflexión la evolución de las diferentes representaciones de la cisoide. El objetivo del artículo tenía aspectos en común con los principios asumidos por el Enfoque Ontosemiótico, por esta razón, el primer autor se fue interesando en la agenda de investigación que proponía dicho enfoque, en particular en cómo conceptualizar, desde una perspectiva pragmatista, el papel de las representaciones, y participó activamente en dar una respuesta, que no fuese platónica, a una de las preguntas que ha sido el motor de desarrollo del Enfoque Ontosemiótico: ¿qué es un objeto matemático y cuál es su significado en una determinada institución? La respuesta a esta pregunta iba de la mano con otro aspecto: la importancia para la Didáctica de la Matemáticas de tener en cuenta la complejidad de los objetos matemáticos, lo cual llevó a los tres autores de este trabajo a investigar sobre la complejidad de diferentes objetos matemáticos, así como sobre la comprensión que tienen los estudiantes de dicha complejidad. En este artículo, además de explicar el camino recorrido que se acaba de comentar, se explica cómo se ha incorporado la idea de “tener en cuenta la complejidad del objeto matemático a enseñar” en algunas experiencias de formación de profesores, donde han participado los autores.Palabras clave: Objeto Matemático. Complejidad del Objeto Matemático. Idoneidad Didáctica. Enfoque Ontosemiótico.  Uma evolução da visão sobre a complexidade dos objetos matemáticosResumoExplica-se a evolução de um processo de pesquisa iniciado com o artigo "Objetos, práticas ostensivas associadas. O caso do cissoide”, publicado em 2001, pretendia-se mostrar a ingenuidade do ponto de vista que considerava as representações ostensivas de objetos matemáticos simplesmente como diferentes significantes de objetos a-históricos, além de enfatizar a importância que eles tinham, para a Didática da Matemática, de problematizar a visão platônica de objetos matemáticos. Para isso, tomou-se como contexto de reflexão, a evolução das diferentes representações do cissoide, cujo objetivo apresentava aspectos em comum com os princípios assumidos pela Abordagem Ontossemiótica. Por essa razão, o primeiro autor foi interessando-se no processo de pesquisa que propunha dita abordagem, em particular em como conceituar, a partir de uma perspectiva pragmatista, o papel das representações, e participou ativamente em dar uma resposta, que não fosse platônica, a uma das perguntas que foi o motor de desenvolvimento da Abordagem Ontossemiótica: o que é um objeto matemático e qual o seu significado em uma determinada instituição? A resposta a esta pergunta vai ao encontro de outro aspecto: a importância para a Didática da Matemática de se ter em conta a complexidade dos objetos matemáticos, o qual levou aos três autores de este trabalho a investigar sobre a complexidade de diferentes objetos matemáticos, assim como sobre a compreensão de dita complexidade apresentadas pelos estudantes e professores. Neste artigo, além de mostrar o caminho percorrido que se acaba de comentar, explica-se como se incorporou a ideia de “ter em conta a complexidade do objeto matemático a ensinar” em algumas experiências de formação de professores, onde participaram os três autores.  Palavras-chave: Objeto Matemático. Complexidade do Objeto Matemático. Adequação didática. Abordagem Ontossemiótica. An evolution of the point of view on the complexity of mathematical objectsAbstractThis work explains the evolution of a research agenda that began with the article “Objects, practices and associated ostensive. The cissoids case”, published in 2001, which was intended to show the ingenuity of the view that regarded the ostensive representations of mathematical objects simply as different signifiers of objects ahistorical and emphasis is also placed on the importance he had, for the Didactics of Mathematics, problematize the Platonic vision of mathematical objects. For this, the evolution of the different representations of the cissoid was taken as a context of reflection. The objective of the article had aspects in common with the principles assumed by the Ontosemiotic Approach, for this reason, the first author became interested in the research agenda that said approach proposed, particularly in how to conceptualize, from a pragmatist perspective, the role of the representations, and actively participated in giving a non-Platonic answer to one of the questions that has been the driving force behind the development of the Ontosemiotic Approach: what is a mathematical object and what is its meaning in a particular institution? The answer to this question is going to meet another aspect: the importance for didactics of mathematics to take into account the complexity of mathematical objects, which led to the three authors of this work to investigate the complexity of different mathematical objects, as well how about the understanding of this complexity presented by students and teachers. In this article, in addition to showing what has just been said, it explains how the idea of “taking into account the complexity of the mathematical object to be taught” was incorporated in some teacher training experiences, where the three authors participated.Keywords: Mathematical Object. Complexity of the Mathematical Object. Didactic suitability. Ontosemiotic Approach.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (34) ◽  
pp. 512-534
Author(s):  
Anara G. Shabambaeva ◽  
Zadash O. Dukenbaeva ◽  
Khanif S. Vildanov ◽  
Aipova Ainash ◽  
Temirgalinova Assel

The authors consider new approaches to the study of the role of the passionate personality in the development of the countries of the East. The authors consider the socio-political and scientific activities of the scientist A. Zh. Mashanov as a passionary from the point of view of influence on the ethno-cultural code of the Kazakhs. The concepts of "historical process" and "political process" are clarified; the relationship between history and politics is revealed. The verbal-paraverbal methods of A. Zh. Mashanov in political activity are shown. The contribution of the scientist as a driving force during the historical process is revealed and described the role of the scientist as a catalyst for the spiritual revival of Kazakhstan in connection with the relentless struggle for the study of al-Farabi's creativity as a cultural and spiritual source is determined.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Abdul Qahar Zainal ◽  
Ansar Ansar

The purpose of this research is to identify the factors that drive motivation, as well as the role of motivation in teaching and learning. This is a qualitative study conducted using library research methods. Work motivation is a driving force and source of encouragement that can elicit a sense of zeal, as well as modify human or individual behavior to lead to improved outcomes. Motivation is defined as the overarching driving force within the instructor that initiates and directs instructional actions in order to attain the objectives set forth by the teaching subject. So that every teacher is diligent in completing assignments, tenacious in overcoming obstacles (not easily discouraged), shows interest in a variety of problems, prefers to work independently, is not easily bored with routine tasks, is able to defend his or her point of view, and enjoys finding and solving problems.


Author(s):  
Erich Christian Wittmann

AbstractHow to integrate mathematics, psychology, pedagogy and practical teaching within the didactics of mathematics in order to get unified specific theories and conceptions of mathematics teaching? This problem—relevant for theoretical and empirical studies in mathematics education as well as for teacher training—is considered in the present paper. The author suggests an approach which is based on teaching units (Unterrichtsbeispiele). Suitable teaching units incorporate mathematical, pedagogical, psychological and practical aspects in a natural way and therefore they are a unique tool for integration. It is the aim of the present paper to describe an approach to bridging the often deplored gap between didactics of mathematics teaching on one hand and teaching practice, mathematics, psychology, and pedagogy on the other hand. In doing so I relate the various aspects of mathematics education to one another. My interest is equally directed to teacher training and to the methodology of research in mathematics education. The structure of the paper is as follows. First I would like to make reference to and characterize an earlier discussion on the status and role of mathematics education; secondly, I will talk about problems of integration which naturally arise when mathematics education is viewed as an interdisciplinary field of study. The fourth and essential section will show how to tackle these problems by means of teaching units. The present approach is based on a certain conception of mathematics teaching which is necessary for appreciating Sect. 4. This conception is therefore explained in Sect. 3.


Author(s):  
Mauro Guimarães ◽  
Vicente Paulo dos Santos Pinto

A atual crise do capital materializada por inúmeros problemas socioambientais coloca inúmeros desafios para educação ambiental em todos os espaços da sociedade contemporânea. No que se refere a escola, esta conjuntura impõe a necessidade de se ir além da inserção da dimensão da temática ambiental numa perspectiva metodológica interdisciplinar. Para tanto, ressalta-se o papel de uma formação de educadores comprometidos, como militantes radicais da causa ambiental, como “sujeitos ecológicos” transformados e transformadores, dinamizadores de movimentos sociais contra hegemônicos em suas esferas de atuação. Diante disso, este artigo tem como objetivo central discutir possíveis alternativas da educação ambiental no contexto desses grandes desafios postos aos sistemas de ensino e à formação de professores no Brasil contemporâneo. Dá-se ênfase a proposta de articulação da “(Com)Vivência Pedagógica” com epistemologias que possam favorecer a formação de sujeitos dinamizadores de processos de transformação individual-coletiva da realidade em que vivemos. The current crisis of capital materialized by numerous socio-environmental problems poses numerous challenges for environmental education in all spaces of contemporary society. With regard to school, this situation imposes the need to go beyond the insertion of the dimension of the environmental theme in an interdisciplinary methodological perspective. For this, the role of a formation of committed educators, as radical militants of the environmental cause, as transformed and transforming "ecological subjects", is a role of social movements against hegemonic in their spheres of action. Therefore, this article has the main objective to discuss possible alternatives of environmental education in the context of these great challenges to the systems of education and teacher training in contemporary Brazil. Emphasis is given to the proposal of "Pedagogical Compatibility" with epistemologies that may favor the formation of subjects that are dynamic in the process of individual-collective transformation of the reality in which we live.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Nur Farida

The purpose of this research is to identify the factors that drive motivation, as well as the role of motivation in teaching and learning. This is a qualitative study conducted using library research methods. Work motivation is a driving force and source of encouragement that can elicit a sense of zeal, as well as modify human or individual behavior to lead to improved outcomes. Motivation is defined as the overarching driving force within the instructor that initiates and directs instructional actions in order to attain the objectives set forth by the teaching subject. So that every teacher is diligent in completing assignments, tenacious in overcoming obstacles (not easily discouraged), shows interest in a variety of problems, prefers to work independently, is not easily bored with routine tasks, is able to defend his or her point of view, and enjoys finding and solving problems.


2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Ellis

International trade intermediaries (ITIs) represent a valuable conduit for market information and marketing technology for the international neophyte firm. However, aware that their intermediary role can become redundant over time, ITIs may adopt survival strategies that are suboptimal from the manufacturer's point of view. This article identifies the catalytic and sometimes ambiguous role of ITIs in the economic development of host nations. The author identifies some propositions and proposes a research agenda.


Author(s):  
N.V. Belov ◽  
U.I. Papiashwili ◽  
B.E. Yudovich

It has been almost universally adopted that dissolution of solids proceeds with development of uniform, continuous frontiers of reaction.However this point of view is doubtful / 1 /. E.g. we have proved the active role of the block (grain) boundaries in the main phases of cement, these boundaries being the areas of hydrate phases' nucleation / 2 /. It has brought to the supposition that the dissolution frontier of cement particles in water is discrete. It seems also probable that the dissolution proceeds through the channels, which serve both for the liquid phase movement and for the drainage of the incongruant solution products. These channels can be appeared along the block boundaries.In order to demonsrate it, we have offered the method of phase-contrast impregnation of the hardened cement paste with the solution of methyl metacrylahe and benzoyl peroxide. The viscosity of this solution is equal to that of water.


2006 ◽  
pp. 20-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ershov

The economic growth, which is underway in Russia, raises new questions to be addressed. How to improve the quality of growth, increasing the role of new competitive sectors and transforming them into the driving force of growth? How can progressive structural changes be implemented without hampering the rate of growth in general? What are the main external and internal risks, which may undermine positive trends of development? The author looks upon financial, monetary and foreign exchange aspects of the problem and comes up with some suggestions on how to make growth more competitive and sustainable.


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