scholarly journals ESTIMATES OF THE SEVERITY OF COVID-19: A COMPARISON OF PAKISTAN WITH OTHER DEVELOPED COUNTRIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Yasir Mehmood
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
The World ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
Health Organization

The number of confirmed cases of COVID-affected patients are 1,123,000 and counting while more than 59,000 corroborated mortalities have occurred around the globe, as depicted by the data gathered through Johns Hopkins University. More than 228,000 people have reportedly recovered from COVID-19 till April 4 2020. Italy has the second highest deaths of COVID-19 in the world. There is dire need to evaluate the pattern of COVID-19 in Pakistan and compared with other developed countries. World Health Organization has developed website to provide latest data in form of new reported cases, mortality and recoveries.  In Pakistan, mortality rate was found less than other developed countries and this hypothesis may be wrong that Pakistan neither will nor effected with virus due to climate conditions. The presented study had two objectives. The first was to describe the latest situation if COVID-19 in Pakistan and other developed countries. Second objective was to determine the latest situation about mortility rate in Pakistan and other developed countries. Comparative data was sketched and presented in the form of graph for 5 countries including Pakistan. All the data was obtained form WHO websites and from Pakistan government officials websites. Data was collected from Jan-2020 to 4 April-2020.

scholarly journals Early Outbreak Analysis of COVID-19 Epidemic: China and Global Health Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samrat Kumar Dey ◽  
Md. Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
Umme Raihan Siddiqi ◽  
Arpita Howlader
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Exploratory Data Analysis ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
World Health ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
The World ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Exploratory Data ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Purpose: Globally, there is an obvious concern about the fact that the evolving 2019-nCoV coronavirus is a worldwide public health threat. The appearance in China at the end of 2019 of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; previously provisionally labeled as 2019 novel coronavirus or 2019-nCoV) disease (COVID-19) caused a major global outbreak and right now is a major community health issue. As of 8 March 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) data showed that more than 105 500 confirmed cases were reported in over 100 countries/regions, with > 75% of cases being detected in China and >24% of cases detected globally. COVID-19 outbreak is evolving so rapidly; therefore, the available epidemiological data are essential to direct strategies for situational awareness and intervention. Methods: This article will present a visual exploratory data analysis (V-EDA) approach to collect and analyze COVID-19 data on epidemiological outbreaks. Various open data sources on the outbreak of COVID-19 provided by the World Health Organization (WHO), the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the National Health Commission (NHC), Johns Hopkins University Interactive Dashboard and DXY.cn have been used in this research.Results: Therefore, an Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) with visualizations has been designed and developed in order to understand the number of different cases reported (confirmed, death, and recovered) in different provinces of China and outside of China between 22 January 2020 to 4 March 2020. Various open data sources on the outbreak of COVID-19 provided by the World Health Organization (WHO), the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the National Health Commission (NHC), Johns Hopkins University Interactive Dashboard and DXY.cn have been used in this research. Conclusion: In all, this is extremely important to promptly spread information to understand the risks of this pandemic and begin containment activities.

Following the directives of World Health Organization: A Hobsons Choice

Coronaviruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaima S. Ali Miraj
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
International Health ◽  
Health Agency ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: Of late several articles in prestigious scientific platforms have shown that, 'COVID-19 has questioned the global health expertise of some developed countries like the USA UK and other European nations as well as the international health agency, the World Health Organization, highlighting that they faltered in managing the crisis during the pandemic. The objective of this article is to highlight the fact that as there was no specific vaccine or treatment at hand, the portfolio available with these nations under the directions of the WHO to counter the measures against COVID19, was limited. There was no other alternative in this time of world’s most unprecedented emergency, and whatever immediate steps were taken to contain the virus spread by the WHO were justified. Methods: Using the available literature on the internet and library sources, a survey of published articles in leading journals of the world have been made to analyse the various articles describing the position of the WHO and its future strategies in dealing with the worlds most unprecedented pandemic. Results and Conclusion: The present communication suggests that a large scale fund allocation in a fixed percentage for Health for All, from every member country’s defence budget can be separately made for substantially replenishing the already depleting funding of the WHO. This will enable an effective control of the global pandemic crisis with significant international cooperation, allowing sharing of the financial burden. The specially created fund can be used under international monitoring for such unprecedented calamities in future. More focus can thus be given to special training of manpower, advancements in the protective equipment, development of vaccines, critical care hospitals and centres on a global basis.

World Health Organization

1960 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 673-674
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Malaria Vectors ◽  
Director General ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
Malaria Eradication ◽  
Health Organization

The thirteenth session of the Assembly of the World Health Organization (WHO) was held in Geneva, from May 3 to 20, 1960. In his inaugural address, the President of the Assembly, Dr. H. B. Turbott, spoke of the ground gained by the idea of world health since the early days of WHO, of the new and growing challenges with which the Assembly would have to deal in discussing the 1961 program—such as the control of pestilential diseases, protection against radiation hazards, the evaluation of live poliomyelitis vaccine, extended nutrition programs, and the world shortage of competent health personnel—and of the problems of particular concern to the more developed countries, such as heart, cancer, and mental illness. Dr. Turbott also described the integration of preventive and curative services as one field to which WHO should devote more attention. The Director-General, presenting his report on the work of WHO during 1959, stressed the urgency of the world-wide malaria eradication campaign, pointing out that malaria was the most important single obstacle to the development of the economic and social potentials of the underdeveloped areas of the world. The year 1959, he continued, had witnessed intensified research activities by the Organization, an increase in experts trained under WHO's fellowship program, and improved coordination between inter-country and inter-regional projects, but the problem of the resistance of malaria vectors to insecticides remained an obstacle to malaria eradication, and the question of funds for international technical assistance was still unsolved. In concluding, the Director-General predicted diat, at die present rate of progress, malaria could be eradicated, at least from Europe, the Americas, North Africa, and large parts of Asia, within perhaps the next ten years.

World Health Organization

1964 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 859-870
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Director General ◽  
Flexible Approach ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Sixteenth Assembly: The sixteenth session of the Assembly of the World Health Organization (WHO) met in Geneva on May 7–23, 1963, under the presidency of Dr. M. A. Majekodunmi (Nigeria). During the discussion of the Director-General's report on the work of WHO in 1962, delegates expressed agreement on the importance of the planned development of health services, medical education, and the training of auxiliary staff. Endorsing the Organization's medical research program, some members suggested its extension to other fields. Other members felt, however, that WHO was devoting too much time and money to work that could be carried out by national research institutes. Several delegations appealed for a more flexible approach in providing aid to less developed countries. Dr. Candau, the Director-General, spoke of the efforts that had been made to secure staff from a wider range of countries.

scholarly journals Novel corona Virus (2019-nCoV) - An Ancient Ayurveda Epidemiology Literature Review.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
GANGAPRASAD ANANTRAO WAGHMARE
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Rate Estimate ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Epidemic Diseases

 Coronaviruses (CoV) are a large family of viruses that cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV). In more severe cases, infection can cause pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, kidney failure and even death   Initially, the World Health Organization (WHO) had mentioned 2% as a mortality rate estimate in a press conference on Wednesday, January 29 and again on February 10. However, on January 29 2020 WHO specified that this was a very early and provisional estimate that might have changed. 3.4% Mortality Rate estimate by the World Health Organization (WHO) as of March 3 2020.                           The concept of epidemic was very much well defined in Ayurveda, Acharya Charaka the great physician of all ages had mentioned the epidemic diseases under the heading of “Janapadodhwans”.The aim of this review study is to understand the ancient Ayurveda epidemic literature , to prevent people from getting affected by epidemic diseases and to enlighten on epidemic diseases prevention & Management through Ayurveda. Keywords: Novel corona Virus (2019-nCoV),severe acute respiratory syndrome,Janapadodhwans,Ayurveda,epidemic Diseases,communicable disease,Panchakarma, Rasayan .  

scholarly journals Association between NT-proBNP Level and the Severity of COVID-19 Pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Lan Wang ◽  
Fei Chen ◽  
Lin Bai ◽  
Lang Bai ◽  
Zhixin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
World Health ◽  
Single Centre ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Natural Logarithm ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

In this study, we investigated the association between the plasma NT-proBNP level at admission and the severity of COVID-19 pneumonia. For this retrospective, single-centre cohort study, we enrolled consecutive patients from February 9 to March 4, 2020, in a COVID-19 ward of Hubei General Hospital (East Branch) in Wuhan, which is a government-assigned centre for COVID-19 treatment. Diagnosis was confirmed by microbiological and radiographic findings following the interim guidance of the World Health Organization (WHO). A total of 91 (92.9%) patients were finally included in this study. The median age of the patients was 61 years (IQR, 47–69), and 39 (43.0%) of them were male. Two cases of death were reported (2.3%). Twenty-three patients (25.3%) had NT-proBNP levels above 300 pg/ml. Higher NT-proBNP levels were associated with worse PSI and CT scores. The natural logarithm of the NT-proBNP level was positively correlated with the PSI and CT scores (PSI score: rS = 0.396, P = 0.001 ; CT score: rS = 0.440, P < 0.001 ). Patients with NT-proBNP ≥300 pg/ml showed a potential risk for higher mortality than patients with NT-proBNP <300 pg/ml (mortality rate, 8.7% vs. 0%; P = 0.062 ). The plasma NT-proBNP level of COVID-19 patients was significantly related to the severity of pneumonia.

Decline in hospital mortality rate after the use of the World Health Organization protocol for management of severe malnutrition

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Rodrigues Falbo ◽  
João Guilherme Bezerra Alves ◽  
Malaquias Batista Filho ◽  
Maria de Fátima Costa Caminha ◽  
José Eulálio Cabral-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
World Health ◽  
Severe Malnutrition ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

scholarly journals Physical Activity during the Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-29
Author(s):  
Afriwardi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
World Health ◽  
Life Data ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

The spread of Corona virus disease 19 (Covid-19) which has been going on since December 2019 has had a very broad impact on all walks of life. Data quoted from the official website of the World Health Organization (WHO), as of September 25, 2020, reported that there were more than 31,026,758 confirmed cases of Covid-19 worldwide, and more than 755,786 people had died with positive Covid-19 ( 1). Meanwhile in Indonesia, as monitored by the Kompas.com website, 137,468 confirmed cases of Covid-19 were reported and more than 6,071 people died. The mortality rate is estimated to be 4.416%, of which most cases involve the elderly (> 80%) (2). Seeing the reality on the ground, by not being disciplined in responding to health protocols to prevent Covid-19 transmission, this number will continue to show an increase.

scholarly journals Early Outbreak Analysis of COVID-19 Epidemic: China and Global Health Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samrat Kumar Dey ◽  
Md. Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
Umme Raihan Siddiqi ◽  
Arpita Howlader
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Exploratory Data Analysis ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
World Health ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
The World ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Exploratory Data ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract Purpose: Globally, there is an obvious concern about the fact that the evolving 2019-nCoV coronavirus is a worldwide public health threat. The appearance in China at the end of 2019 of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2; previously provisionally labeled as 2019 novel coronavirus or 2019-nCoV) disease (COVID-19) caused a major global outbreak and right now is a major community health issue. As of 8 March 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) data showed that more than 105 500 confirmed cases were reported in over 100 countries/regions, with > 75% of cases being detected in China and >24% of cases detected globally. COVID-19 outbreak is evolving so rapidly; therefore, the available epidemiological data are essential to direct strategies for situational awareness and intervention. Methods: This article will present a visual exploratory data analysis (V-EDA) approach to collect and analyze COVID-19 data on epidemiological outbreaks. Various open data sources on the outbreak of COVID-19 provided by the World Health Organization (WHO), the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the National Health Commission (NHC), Johns Hopkins University Interactive Dashboard and DXY.cn have been used in this research.Results: Therefore, an Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) with visualizations has been designed and developed in order to understand the number of different cases reported (confirmed, death, and recovered) in different provinces of China and outside of China between 22 January 2020 to 4 March 2020. Various open data sources on the outbreak of COVID-19 provided by the World Health Organization (WHO), the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the National Health Commission (NHC), Johns Hopkins University Interactive Dashboard and DXY.cn have been used in this research. Conclusion: In all, this is extremely important to promptly spread information to understand the risks of this pandemic and begin containment activities.

scholarly journals Health effects of asbestos fibers in the air

Tehnika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-125
Author(s):  
Veljko Đukić ◽  
Biljana Đukić
Keyword(s):  
World Health Organization ◽  
Fiber Diameter ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
World Health ◽  
Soluble Fiber ◽  
Limit Values ◽  
Asbestos Fibers ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

Since the beginning of the 20th century, thousands of tons of asbestos were used in all developed countries in industry and construction. After the serious illnesses and deaths caused by inhalation of asbestos fibers were reliably identified, the first asbestos use ban was prescribed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1972. Asbestos in the last 100 years to blame for the death of a large number of workers in industry and construction as well as the population. According to the World Health Organization in the next 40 years in the world is expected to illness and death of more than 500 000 people as a consequence of inhaling airborne particles of asbestos. That fact has led to a complete ban on any use of asbestos in most countries. The paper is particularly pronounced approach applied in the US, according to which each of respirable difficult soluble fiber is considered fibrinogen, and every fiber diameter ≤1mm and length ≥10mm potentially fibrinogen and carcinogenic, and in Germany that any inorganic fiber diameter of 5mm and the ratio length and diameter of> 3: 1 is considered potentially carcinogenic. The question is whether it is justified to carcinogenic fibers prescribe and apply the limit values, and whether in BiH differently treated with carcinogens acting genotoxic than those operating epigenetic mechanisms.

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