scholarly journals Serbia and the Support of an Uprising in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1875–1878

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-97
Author(s):  
Д.И. Никифоров
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Charitable Donations ◽  
Public Figures

В статье изучается вклад Сербского княжества в поддержание восстания в Боснии и Герцеговине 1875–1878 годов, осуществлявшийся с помощью комитетов поддержки восстания в период с лета 1875 по лето 1876 года. Поддержка восстания обострила отношения между Сербским княжеством и Османской империей, что отразилось на увеличении численности турецких войск на границах стран. На территории Сербского княжества рядом общественных деятелей, в число которых входил сербский митрополит Михаил, осуществлялся сбор средств в помощь обездоленным сербам, проживающим в Боснии и Герцеговине, создавались комитеты поддержки восстания, которые направляли добровольцев в Боснию и Герцеговину, обеспечивали повстанцев средствами и амунициями. Важную роль на границе Сербского княжества и Боснии играл генерал Ранко Алимпич. Автор приходит к выводу, что, несмотря на то что Сербское княжество оказывало поддержку повстанцам Герцеговины, в первую очередь опираясь на просербских повстанцев, таких как Мичо Любибратич, влияние Сербского княжества в Герцеговине было не столь значительным, как в Боснии из-за того, что Герцеговина попадала в сферу интересов Черногории. Несмотря на широкую поддержку восстания в Боснии, Сербскому княжеству не удалось использовать собственное влияние в регионе, поскольку Сербия испытывала давление Австро-Венгрии. The article investigates the contribution of the Principality of Serbia to supporting an uprising in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1875–1878. The fact that the Principality of Serbia supported the uprising worsened the already strained relationship between the Principality of Serbia and the Ottoman Empire, which resulted in the concentration of Turkish armed forces near the borders of the countries. Some public figures, such as metropolitan Mikhail, initiated charitable donations to help Serbian citizens living in Bosnia and Herzegovina. They established committees in support of the uprising, they transported volunteers to Bosnia and Herzegovina, they supplied weapons and money to the rebels. General Ranko Alimpic played a key role in the events on the Serbia-Bosnia border. The author concludes that despite the fact that the Principality of Serbia supported the rebels of Herzegovina, especially such pro-Serbian rebels as Mico Ljubibratic, the influence of the Principality of Serbia in Bosnia was more obvious, for Bosnia was vital to Montenegro interest. Even though the Principality of Serbia provided support to Bosnia, the Principality of Serbia failed to profit from it, for it was under pressure from Austria-Hungary.

The Great War and the Re-drawing of the Ottoman Empire

2019 ◽  
pp. 166-197
Author(s):  
Martin Pugh
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Great War ◽  
Full Account ◽  
The North ◽  
The First World War ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
The Great War ◽  
First World

This chapter details how, during the 14 years before the outbreak of the First World War, Britain comprehensively revised her diplomatic alignments, readjusted her military strategy, and rearranged her armed forces to meet the threat posed by the European powers. In the process, she signed an alliance with Japan and ententes with France and Russia, she concentrated her fleet in the North Sea and the Channel, and developed a plan to prevent Germany from imposing a quick defeat on France by mobilising a new British Expeditionary Force. However, there remained one flaw in all this: she had not really considered the Ottoman Empire or, indeed, the wider question of her relations with the Muslim societies in Turkey, Persia, Egypt, and especially India. This oversight was a by-product of her new strategy, which frankly made security in Europe the chief object and in effect downgraded the importance of the imperial world. As a result, Britain failed to take full account of changes in the Middle East, Asia, and Africa engendered by the Great War.

scholarly journals Bosnian Chardaklia House: The Dzider Familyʹs House in The Crnoc Village near Kakanj

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ahmet Hadrovic
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Steep Slope ◽  
Flat Terrain ◽  
The 19Th Century

The Dzider familyʹs house in the Crnoc village near Kakanj is located on the flat terrain of a steep slope with southwestern insolation (Figure 1). It is one of a large number of relatively preserved bosnian chardaklia houses in the area of Kakanj, in the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina where the most developed types of Bosnian chardaklia house were built (Figure 2). The house was built during the reign of the Ottoman Empire (before the 19th century), but to date it has undergone a number of reconstructions and renovations[1]. It belongs to the type of two-tracts bosnian chardaklija house. One of the most valuable features of this house (except for its age) is the fact that it was erected on a living water source, which is still in the basement of the house today.

scholarly journals The Heroic Battle of Van-Vaspourakan according to the Testimonies of the Eyewitness Survivors

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-44
Author(s):  
Verjiné Svazlian
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
World War ◽  
Human Right ◽  
The People ◽  
The Town

The Young Turk leaders of the Ottoman Empire participated in World War I having expansionist objectives and with their former pan-Turkic and pan-Islamic plan to carry out the genocide of the Armenians. The mobilization and the collection of arms of the Armenians started with the war. The governor of Van Djevdet pasha besieged the town with the Turkish armed forces. The people of Van struggled heroically, till the last drop of their blood, to defend their elementary human right for survival and their Motherland. The testimonies and historical songs, communicated by 35 eyewitness survivors of the heroic battle of Van, which I have enscribed, audio- and video-recorded, have served as a basis for the preparation of the present article.

scholarly journals PHRASEOLOGISMS WITH ORIENTALISMS DENOTING A PERSON IN THE SPEECH OF BOSNIAN MUSLIMS

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Ирина Владимировна Кузнецова ◽  
Михаил Сергеевич Хмелевский
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
The South ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Source Language ◽  
Intermediate Language ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
Turkish Language

В статье рассматриваются фразеологические единицы боснийского языка с семантически однотипным компонентом-антропонимом ориентального происхождения. Анализируются как устаревшие фразеологизмы, так и активно употребляющиеся в наши дни. Ввиду обширности ориентализмов как особого генетического пласта южнославянской лексики в статье анализируются заимствования, называющие человека по таким параметрам, как интеллект, титул, административные и военные должности, род занятий и т. п., частотно употребляемые в повседневной речи славянских мусульман, проживающих в Боснии и Герцеговине.Заимствованию южнославянскими языками тематически разнообразных ориентализмов способствовали исторические события и языковые контакты. Итог пятивекового господства Османской империи на Балканском полуострове - заимствования из староосманского (старотурецкого) языка, являвшегося как языком-источником, так и (часто) языком-посредником, через который в южнославянские языки-реципиенты вошли арабизмы и персизмы. Помимо арабо-персидских элементов староосманский язык насыщен заимствованиями и из других языков. Под термином «турцизмы» обычно подразумевается лексика из староосманского, а не современного турецкого языка. Ориентальная лексика проникала в языки южных славян в основном через устный разговорный язык. В силу исторических причин наибольшее количество заимствований из турецкого языка в составе фразеологизмов наблюдается в Боснии и Герцеговине.В статье приводятся возможные культурологические и историко-этимологические комментарии к фразеологическим единицам, толкуется значение оборотов и компонентов, входящих в них. Фразеологизмы со структурой сравнения не рассматриваются. The article considers the Bosnian phraseological units with anthroponymic orientalisms. The authors deal with both outdated phraseological units and those that are actively used nowadays. Due to the vastness of orientalisms as a special genetic layer of South Slavic vocabulary, the authors analyze the expressions that denote a person in such aspects as intellect, title, position, occupation and etc., which Slavic Muslims (those living in Bosnia and Herzegovina) frequently use in their everyday speech. Historical events and language contacts contributed to the borrowing of thematically diverse orientalisms by the South Slavic languages. The five-century domination of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkan Peninsula resulted in borrowings from the Old Ottoman (Old Turkish) language, which became both the source language and (often) the intermediate language through which Arabisms and Persisms entered the South Slavic recipient languages. In addition to the Arab-Persian elements, the old Ottoman language is rich in borrowings from other languages. The term Turkish usually refers to the vocabulary of the old Ottoman rather than the modern Turkish language. Oriental vocabulary penetrated into the languages of the southern Slavs mainly through oral spoken language. Due to historical reasons, the greatest number of borrowings from the Turkish language as a part of phraseological units is observed in Bosnia and Herzegovina.In addition to this, the authors give possible cultural, historical and etymological comments on phraseological units; show the meaning of the units and components of phraseological units. Phraseological units with a comparison structure are not considered.

Conveying Ćeif: Three Croatian Folklore and Folklife Writings on Bosniak Coffee Culture

Folklorica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 1-42
Author(s):  
Dorian Jurić
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
First Time ◽  
By Products

This article presents three short passages describing coffee and coffeehouse culture among Bosnian and Herzegovinian Muslims in the late nineteenth century. These texts are drawn from manuscripts collected by lay, Croatian folklore and folklife collectors who submitted them to two early collecting projects in Zagreb. The pieces are translated here for the first time into English and placed into historical and cultural context regarding the history of coffee culture in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the wider Ottoman Empire as well as the politics of folklore collection at the time. By using the Pan-Ottoman concept of ćeif as a theoretical lens, I argue that these early folklorists produced impressive folklife accounts of Bosniak foodways, but that these depictions inevitably enfolded both genuine interest and negative by-products of the wider politics of their era.

scholarly journals PROMJENA ZATVORSKE PARADIGME? / THE CHANGE OF THE PRISON PARADIGM

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-41
Author(s):  
Amila Kasumović
Keyword(s):  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Prison System ◽  
Female Inmates ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Significant Attention

The reform of the legal system that the Ottoman Empire conducted in the 1850s was systematically implemented in the period that followed, with an attempt to introduce new legal provisions concerning prisons in all parts of the Empire, including Bosnia. Displeasure of the western powers who had insisted on changes to the prison practices in the Ottoman Empire, the pace of which had been slow, was used by the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy following the occupation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Having established that the existing conditions in BiH prisons were “miserable”, the new government promised radical changes. However, the question is if the changes really were ferocious in the decisive years in which the Ottoman administration was replaced by Austro-Hungarian? If so, to what extent was the prison paradigm changed? A more serious investigation of the prison system of a certain administration demands an analysis of a specific group within the prison population. One such group are women that needed a different treatment compared to other prisoners: a separate accommodation, female, not male, supervision, as well as special measures during pregnancy, delivery and breastfeeding. By using the documents from ZVS and ZMF funds, the paper aims to investigate if the Austro-Hungarian administration managed to achieve significant results in the treatment of female inmates in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the first years of the monarchy’s rule. Although the prison system and the treatment of prisoners are an important indicator of the civilizational advancement of a society, the local historiography has not paid significant attention to these issues. This paper is trying to fill that void.

scholarly journals Defence Reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina: A Case Study into the Role of Ethnicity within the Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Mark Chadwick
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
State Level ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
International Community ◽  
Ethnic Segregation ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Chain Of Command

<p>Many of the conflicts fought in the world today are fought internally between rival ethnic groups. Although the cause of the conflict may differ, the violent and often brutal nature of these conflicts makes them a threat that the international community cannot ignore. This thesis will analyse the progress of defence reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina - with specific attention to the role of ethnicity within the armed forces. The thesis discusses the challenges and actions taken by the international community to establish a united, state level defence force under a single chain of command. The political situation in the Balkans highlights the fact that ethnic issues are crucial in the security of the region. The central argument of this thesis is that in ethnically divided countries such as Bosnia and Herzegovina, abolishing ethnically segregated defence forces in favour of one unified force is crucial to the creation of state viability. The thesis hypothesises that ethnic segregation and lack of integration within the forces today contributes to ongoing instability within Bosnia. As a serving member of the New Zealand Defence Force, the author participated in the post–conflict stabilisation process in both Bosnia and Kosovo. Having witnessed first hand the effects of ethnicity in the Bosnian defence forces and the wider community, the author now seeks to analyse the pace of defence reform within Bosnia and Herzegovina which has been challenged by ethnic phenomena since the cessation of hostilities in 1995.</p>

After Civil War: Bosnia and Herzegovina, El Salvador, and Lebanon

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoltan Barany
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The State ◽  
Entire Group ◽  
Military Force ◽  
Lebanese Civil War ◽  
Political Environments

This chapter looks at the army building in three very different political environments: the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Lebanese civil war (1975–90), and the civil war in El Salvador (1979–92). Although the objective in both Bosnia and El Salvador was to develop a democratic army in the wake of the civil war, it has not been achieved fully in either setting. Lebanon is unique not just in the category of post-civil war army building but because it is an outlier in the entire group of twenty-seven cases studied in two important respects. First, in the first fifteen years after the civil war, a foreign army of Syria controlled some of Lebanon's territory and was instrumental in rebuilding the Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF). Second, aside from the state-controlled LAF, another local, contending or complementary and yet legitimate military force has functioned in the country: the militia of Hezbollah, a Shi'a Islamist political and paramilitary organization.

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