scholarly journals Limited diversity—business models of German cooperative banks

2018 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Andreas Bley
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Empirische Analyse ◽  
Banking Market ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cooperative Banks ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Pillar Structure ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Associated Variety

Zusammenfassung: Die strukturelle Vielfalt auf dem deutschen Bankenmarkt und die damit verbundene Vielfalt von Geschäftsmodellen dürfte in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten ein wichtiger Stabilitätsfaktor am deutschen Bankenmarkt gewesen sein. Diese Vielfalt zeigt sich zum einen in der 3-Säulen-Struktur der deutschen Kreditwirtschaft, zum anderen aber auch innerhalb der Säulen selbst. Für die deutschen Genossenschaftsbanken dokumentiert eine empirische Analyse eine begrenzte Vielfalt der Geschäftsmodelle. Fast alle Genossenschaftsbanken konzentrieren sich auf das Kredit- und Einlagengeschäft mit Kunden. Innerhalb des traditionellen Geschäftsmodells lassen sich zwei unterschiedliche Geschäftstypen identifizieren, von denen der eine stärker aktiv- und der andere stärker passivlastig ausfällt. Summary: The structural diversity of the German banking market and the associated variety of business models is thought to have been an important factor in the stability of the German banking market in recent decades. This diversity is manifested both in the three-pillar structure of the German banking industry and within the pillars themselves. However, empirical analysis reveals that there is limited variety within the business models used by the German cooperative banks. Almost all cooperative banks concentrate on the lending and deposit-taking business with customers. Within the traditional business model, two different types of business can be identified, one of which is more focused on lending and the other on deposit-taking.

Resistance of cherry varieties to spring return frozes in the conditions of Astrakhan region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Dronic A.A. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Damage Score ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Total Damage ◽  
Continental Climate ◽  
Unfavorable Weather

The article presents an assessment of the stability of introduced cherry varieties to spring return frosts in 2020 in the conditions of the sharply continental climate of the Astrakhan region. As a result of unfavorable weather conditions, the total damage score of all varieties was 2-5 points. Almost all the studied varieties showed an insufficient level of resistance to recurrent frosts.

ASSESSMENT OF PINE CROPS GROWTH IN BAIMAK FORESTRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
T.Z. Mutallapov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Forest Ecosystem ◽  
Distribution Curve ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Tree Distribution ◽  
Entire Structure ◽  
Structure Changes ◽  
Large Trees ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Stability

The article presents the results of evaluating the growth of Scots pine in the Baymak forest area. The analysis of forestry and taxation indicators of Scots pine crops on the studied sample areas is carried out, and a comparative assessment of the growth of forest crops growing in different types of forest is given. Increased competition in plantings leads to the natural decline of stunted trees, which is the result of differentiation in the stand. As a result, its structure changes, the number of large trees increases, and, accordingly, the stability of the forest ecosystem increases. In this regard, the appearance of the tree distribution curve by thickness levels also changes. It becomes more "flat", and its competitive load is more evenly distributed over the entire structure of the stand, and competition is weakened.

Types of refractive errors and methods for their diagnosis

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Olga Lemzyakova
Keyword(s):  
Optical System ◽  
Contact Lenses ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Vision Correction ◽  
Light Rays ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Degrees Of Severity ◽  
The Brain

Refraction of the eye means its ability to bend (refract) light in its own optical system. In a normal state, which is called emmetropia, light rays passing through the optical system of the eye focus on the retina, from where the impulse is transmitted to the visual cortex of the brain and is analyzed there. A person sees equally well both in the distance and near in this situation. However, very often, refractive errors develop as a result of various types of influences. Myopia, or short-sightedness, occurs when the light rays are focused in front of the retina as a result of passing through the optical system of the eye. In this case, a person will clearly distinguish close objects and have difficulties in seeing distant objects. On the opposite side is development of farsightedness (hypermetropia), in which the focusing of light rays occurs behind the retina — such a person sees distant objects clearly, but outlines of closer objects are out of focus. Near vision impairment in old age is a natural process called presbyopia, it develops due to the lens thickening. Both myopia and hypermetropia can have different degrees of severity. The variant, when different refractive errors are observed in different eyes, is called anisometropia. In the same case, if different types of refraction are observed in the same eye, it is astigmatism, and most often it is a congenital pathology. Almost all of the above mentioned refractive errors require correction with spectacles or use of contact lenses. Recently, people are increasingly resorting to the methods of surgical vision correction.

A Survey on Computational Methods for Essential Proteins and Genes Prediction

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Fang ◽  
Xiujuan Lei ◽  
Ling Guo
Keyword(s):  
Computational Methods ◽  
Drug Targets ◽  
Disease Genes ◽  
Essential Proteins ◽  
Experimental Identification ◽  
Cellular Life ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Human Disease Genes ◽  
Biology Research

Background: Essential proteins play important roles in the survival or reproduction of an organism and support the stability of the system. Essential proteins are the minimum set of proteins absolutely required to maintain a living cell. The identification of essential proteins is a very important topic not only for a better comprehension of the minimal requirements for cellular life, but also for a more efficient discovery of the human disease genes and drug targets. Traditionally, as the experimental identification of essential proteins is complex, it usually requires great time and expense. With the cumulation of high-throughput experimental data, many computational methods that make useful complements to experimental methods have been proposed to identify essential proteins. In addition, the ability to rapidly and precisely identify essential proteins is of great significance for discovering disease genes and drug design, and has great potential for applications in basic and synthetic biology research. Objective: The aim of this paper is to provide a review on the identification of essential proteins and genes focusing on the current developments of different types of computational methods, point out some progress and limitations of existing methods, and the challenges and directions for further research are discussed.

scholarly journals Analyzing AgriFood-Tech e-Business Models

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 5516
Author(s):  
Maro Vlachopoulou ◽  
Christos Ziakis ◽  
Kostas Vergidis ◽  
Michael Madas
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Distribution Channels ◽  
Digital Environment ◽  
Value Proposition ◽  
Business Model Canvas ◽  
Logistics Services ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Online Searches

The agribusiness sector shows tremendous growth and sustainability prospects by exploiting the challenges of “AgriFood-Tech” business models in the digital environment, by encouraging innovation, accelerating institutional and structural change, enhancing productivity, and introducing new products and services to the market. The purpose of this study is to investigate different types of “AgriFood-Tech” digital models and analyze their role in the agribusiness and AgriFood sector. Based on relevant literature research, the authors present and discuss five indicative examples of “AgriFood-Tech” models, using the Business Model Canvas (BMC) framework. The methodology included the analysis of the components of innovative AgriFood innovative business models paradigms, such as distribution channels, key partnerships, customer selection and relationships, financial viability, and value proposition. The goal was to explore their building blocks and the required decisions that create, deliver, and capture value. Our findings highlight the importance of specific features of the models, including online sharing of information between the stakeholders, online searches of agri-products, and logistics services in the agribusiness sector.

Structural diversity and magnetic properties of six ferrocenyl monocarboxylate Mn(ii), Ni(ii) and Co(ii) complexes with 1D aqua, carboxyl or dinuclear hydroxyl bridges

CrystEngComm ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Misbha Rafiq Khan ◽  
Xiaoge Niu ◽  
Tianling Chen ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Zhongyi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Magnetic Coupling ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Structure Diversity

Six ferrocenyl monocarboxylate Mn(ii), Ni(ii) and Co(ii) complexes with different types of magnetic coupling bridges were synthesized successfully. 1–6 display intriguing structure diversity and magnetic properties.

Studies on Polyaniline: Polyethyleneterephthalate Films

2006 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 99-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Ahmed ◽  
Faiz Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Arrhenius Equation ◽  
Great Increase ◽  
Thermooxidative Stability ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Dc Electrical Conductivity ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Conductivity Retention

The films of polyaniline:polyethyleneterephthalate films were prepared by polymerizing aniline soaked in polyethyleneterephthalate films of different thicknesses. The films were characterized by FTIR as well as for their electrical properties. The electrical properties of the films were observed to be of good quality as almost all the films showed a great increase in their electrical conductivity from insulator to semiconductor region after doping with hydrochloric acid. All the films in their doped state follow the Arrhenius equation for the temperature dependence of electrical conductivity from 35 to 115oC. The thermooxidative stability was studied by thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis. The stability in terms of dc electrical conductivity retention was also studied under ambient conditions by two slightly different techniques viz. isothermal and cyclic techniques. The dc electrical conductivity of the films was found to be stable below 90oC for all the films under ambient conditions.

XXVI.—The Field of the Essay

PMLA ◽  
1921 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles E. Whitmore
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Actual Practice ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Moderate Length

Of all the literary terms in common use, the word “essay” has perhaps the widest field and the most indeterminate content. Since the form to which it applies has taken on a fresh character in the hands of almost all its chief exponents, it has become in practice the designation for any piece of prose of moderate length, and has consequently embraced a bewilderingly various subject-matter. Moreover, the essayists themselves are by no means all of a piece. Bacon and Lamb, for instance, have little in common; and the type of ‘essayist’ represented by Macaulay and Carlyle has little in common with either. As a result of this wide extension, studies of the essay either include so much as to be very indefinite, or else are based on partial views, the upshot, in either case, becoming sufficiently vague. At the same time, the word “essay” goes on being used, and collections, of curiously assorted content, go on being made; and it therefore seems worth while to pass in review the different types represented in actual practice, in order to see just how much continuity is discernible among them.

Chromosomal instability in different species of agricultural animals (review)

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
V. A. Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Instability ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Chromosomal Disorders ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Karyotypic Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Almost All

The purpose of the work was to analyze the frequency of chromosomal instability in different species of agricultural animals in Western Siberia on the basis of literature data. The analysis of the literature on the topic of somatic chromosomal instability in agricultural animals has been carried out. Despite the stability of the chromosome set, deviations from it are quite common. It is noteworthy that chromosomal instability is characteristic of almost all individuals in the population and serves as an important indicator for assessing the natural mutability of chromosomes. It has been found if an aberration appeared in one tissue, it is very likely to occur in others. It has been noted that somatic chromosomal instability occurs in animals with reduced reproductive function, as well as those suffering from any pathology. For example, in calves with parakeratosis the increase in the frequency of chromatid and isochromatid breaks has been found. Analysis of the frequency of aberrations in sires, which differ in the level of perinatal mortality of offspring revealed the increased percentage of offspring mortality in fathers with the large number of chromosomal disorders. Therefore, low fertilization, spontaneous abortions and stillbirths may be indications for karyotypic analysis. It has been revealed that the lability of the karyotype is inherent in all animal species, regardless of the species, sex and age, as well as the morphofunctional state. The data on some types of somatic chromosomal instability in different types of farm animals in Western Siberia has been presented. Such indicators as the frequency of polyploidy, the number of cells with fragments of chromosomes, as well as single and paired fragments of chromosomes has been given. Different types of chromosomal instability varied depending on the animal species and climate zone. The presented data can be accepted as a physiological norm and used in veterinary medicine and animal science.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document