Knowledge About Dengue Fever Prevention Among People Visiting Benazir Bhutto Hospital

Background: The higher incidence of dengue fever in Pakistan demands additional efforts in order to limit the disease. Despite active public health campaigns, low public awareness is one of the factors facilitating dengue virus transmission. For effective preventive measures, the assessment of the knowledge gap and then taking appropriate steps to fill the gap is required.The objective of this study is to assess knowledge about dengue fever prevention among people visiting Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi.Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study of 6 months duration was conducted with 280 participants selected via nonprobability convenience sampling. After informed consent, an interview was conducted based on a questionnaire that assessed socio-demographic parameters and knowledge about dengue virus transmission and prevention. Data were analyzed through SPSS v. 22. The study was approved by the Ethical Review Board (ERB) of Rawalpindi Medical University and Allied hospitals.Results: Out of 280 respondents, 54.6% were males and 45.4% females and the mean age was 35.0 ± 13.1 years. The respondents having high knowledge scores were 66(23.6%) while those having moderate and low scores were 159 (56.8%) and 55 (19.6%) respectively. Educated respondents (p=0.03) and urban residents (p=0.05) had higher knowledge scores.Conclusion: The majority of the participants know about dengue fever. However, only one out of every four respondents has good knowledge scores for dengue fever prevention.

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The role of Science Literacy, Trust, and Impulsivity on Adherence to COVID-19 Recommendations: Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.27665 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Perla Amalia Vargas ◽

Nicole M Lee ◽

Scott Barclay

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Science Literacy ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Health Campaigns ◽

Sources Of Information ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Fox News ◽

Positive Attitudes ◽

Public Health Campaigns ◽

Perfect Adherence

BACKGROUND To slow down transmission and prevent deaths in the face of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) pandemic, the public needs to adhere to recommendations to limit exposure and the spread of the disease. There is emerging evidence that television viewership choices and partisanship are associated to adherence to COVID-19 -related preventive recommendations. On the other hand, some suggest that believing fake news may be due to impulsivity or a lack of thinking rather than partisanship. OBJECTIVE To test whether 1) individuals with high levels of impulsivity will be less likely to adhere to COVID-19 recommendations; and 2) if the odds of adhering to the recommendations will be higher for those with positive attitudes toward science, higher levels of science literacy, and COVID-19 knowledge, who get their news from scientific/reliable sources. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional online survey administered via Qualtrics (Provo, UT). COVID-related survey items were extracted from recent COVID-19 studies. Respondents completed assessments on impulsiveness, perception of scientists and science literacy. selected their common sources of information including conservative and liberal media (e.g., Fox News or One America News Network – OANN and MSNBC or CNN). The sample was recruited from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk) and from the student population of a large university in the southwestern U.S. After removing incomplete responses, the final sample included 1223 cases. RESULTS Consistent with previous reports, compared to respondents who got their News from sources other than Fox News or OANN, those who reported Fox News or OANN as their main source of information had significantly lower scores of COVID-19 knowledge. Consistent with our hypotheses, we found that impulsivity was associated with adherence: high scores was associated to adherence failure while low scores were associated to perfect adherence. COVID-19 knowledge and trust in scientists showed the same significant associations: high knowledge scores were associated to perfect adherence and low to failure. Contrary to our hypothesis, Science Literacy did not predict adherence. Finally, race was also significantly associated with adherence: being white was associated to adherence failure while being non-white predicted perfect adherence. CONCLUSIONS To increase voluntary adherence to COVID-19 measures, it is critical to implement public health campaigns that foster trust in authorities –Republican and Democrat-- and leverage trustworthy individuals in the community to disseminate information. For individuals with high levels of impulsivity, environmental restructuring, and/or nudging may be necessary to increase adherence to preventive recommendations.

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ANALYSIS ON WHOLE BLOOD, SGOT, SGPT, AND TNF-a EXAMINATION IN PATIENTS WITH NON-DENGUE AND POSITIVE DENGUE FEVER (DF/DHF)

Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease ◽

10.20473/ijtid.v4i4.233 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Rahayu Anggraini ◽

Nasronudin Nasronudin

Keyword(s):

Dengue Virus ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Laboratory Tests ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Normal Value ◽

Normal Limits ◽

Significant Difference

Background: In Indonesia has four serotypes, the DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3 and DEN-4. The management of Dengue virus becomes difficult because the patients were infected with different clinical profiles depending on the serotypes and genotypes of infecting dengue virus. Consequently, the diagnosis and treatment becomes difficult. Aim: The purpose of this study was to identify the difference between the results of laboratory tests between non-dengue fever and positive dengue fever. Method: This study was an observational cross-sectional study. Fifteen samples were diagnosed with dengue fever and fifteen samples with negative dengue fever on NS1, IgM / IgG-anti-DHF strip test results. Laboratory tests comprising whole blood, SGOT, SGPT, and TNFa were first examined when the patient came to the hospital. The collected data were analyzed by Chi-Square test SPSS version 13 for Windows. Result: The results of the study in two groups regarding sex, age, days of fever, grade, hemoglobin levels, leukocytes count, platelet count, hematocrit percentage, SGOT levels, and TNFa level were not significantly different with p > 0.050, whereas the SGPT level in non-dengue increased 3 x of normal value of 66.7%, n = 10/15 and in positive dengue fever the SGPT level was within normal limits, found in 60%, n = 9/15, so there was significant difference with p = 0.022 (p < 0.05). Conclusion: in non-dengue SGOT and SGPT levels increased of 1–3 times the normal value. In positive dengue fever SGOT levels increased 1–3 x normal value, but SGPT levels was within normal value, so SGPT levels can be used as a predictive factor for distinguishing the two types of fever.

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Barriers and Facilitators of Adherence to Social Distancing Recommendations among a Large International Sample of Adults Recruited in April 2020

10.31219/osf.io/62g7z ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Adina Coroiu ◽

Chelsea Moran ◽

Tavis Campbell ◽

Alan Geller

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Responsibility To Protect ◽

Barriers And Facilitators ◽

Work Study ◽

Health Campaigns ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Social Distancing ◽

Individual Level ◽

Public Health Campaigns

This cross-sectional study collected data from 2013 participants recruited via social media. The study was conducted during a period of well-enforced regulations about social distancing. Adherence to social distancing recommendations was relatively high for most behaviours, but not nearly close to 100%. The study identified key modifiable barriers and facilitators of adherence to social distancing: strongest facilitators included wanting to protect the self, feeling a responsibility to protect the community, and being able to work/study remotely; strongest barriers included having friends or family who needed help with running errands, socializing in order to avoid feeling lonely, and seeing many people in the streets. Future interventions to improve adherence to social distancing measures should couple individual-level strategies targeting key barriers to social distancing identified herein, with effective institutional measures and public health interventions. Public health campaigns should continue to highlight compassionate attitudes towards social distancing.

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Sero-Prevalence of Dengue Fever Virus Antibodies in Red Sea State, Sudan- A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i47a33040 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 506-510

Author(s):

Israa Abbas ◽

Manar G. Shalabi ◽

Anass M. Abbas ◽

Hatem Mohamed ◽

Asaad M. A. Babker ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dengue Virus ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Red Sea ◽

Rna Virus ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Programme ◽

Age Group ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Sea State ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Dengue fever (DF) is caused by dengue virus (DENV), a positive-sense single stranded RNA virus of the genus Flavivirus in the family Flaviviridae. The DF has been reported as one of the most important arboviral diseases in many parts of the world including Sudan. DENV is a widely spreading disease that has resulted in an emerging infectious disease world-wide. Aim: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of dengue virus in Red sea state, Sudan. Materials and Methods: This study is a cross sectional study, carried out in Eastern part of Sudan with an impartial method to determine the DENV antibodies status in Red Sea state, Sudan, Dengue Virus (DENV) antibody test was done for each sample. Blood samples were collected from each patient in a plain container, and then serum was separated and tested for (DENV) IgM by using ELISA. Results: Of the total 380 dengue cases tested 106 (27.9%) were identified as anti-dengue IgM positive. 57.1% (n=217) were females and 42.9% (n=163) were males, the highest numbers of cases; 152 (40%) from the age group between 40 years and above and least numbers of cases; 47(12.4%) from the age group of 10-19 years. 55 (14.5%) cases among age groups of less than 10 years, 73 (19.2%) from the age group 20-29 years and six 53 (13.9%) from the age group between 30-39 years of age. Conclusion: We can conclude that serotypes (IgM) of dengue virus prevalence is 27.9% in Red Sea State, Sudan and this finding indicate that the residents of the Red State are at risk of developing the disease. Also, there was significant variation between age and the occurrence of the disease. The Ministry of health should initiate dengue surveillance and commence an integrated vector control programme.

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KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE TOWARDS DENGUE FEVER AMONG PATIENTS IN HOSPITAL TAIPING

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine ◽

10.37268/mjphm/vol.17/no.3/art.223 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 66-75

Author(s):

Mohammed Abdelfatah Alhoot ◽

Mohammed Faez Baobaid ◽

Anis Rageh Al-Maleki ◽

Mohammed A. Abdelqader ◽

Lavannya A/P Rangas Paran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dengue Fever ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Good Practice ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

School Level ◽

Health Campaigns ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Attitude And Practice

Dengue fever is the most common vector-borne disease and major concern issues in Malaysia. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate factors influencing knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding dengue fever among patients in Hospital Taiping. A total of 300 patients were incorporated into a descriptive, public based cross-sectional study. The questionnaires were formulated to include several questions on demographic data, knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning dengue fever. Most of the respondents were from the age group of more than 35 (43.3%). The largest representations of the participants were Malay (59.3%), married (65.7%), SPM is the highest education level (53.3%), and 60.7% of the participants were conscious about dengue fever eruption. Television/radio was voted as the frequent source of information (97.3%). There is no significant relationship between knowledge score and socio-demographic factors. However, around 57.0% of the respondents believe that abdominal pain is not a symptom of dengue fever and 32% convinced that blood transfusion can transmit dengue. No significant correlation was found between attitude and practice score to socio-demographic characters. However, a good practice towards dengue fever is associated with good knowledge (65.4 %) nevertheless it did not influence their attitude. Moreover, the attitude seems to be poor regardless of knowledge level (44.0%). Therefore, more prevention practices to raise the awareness of population toward dengue fever such as health campaigns and health education in school level should be initiated. These activities will aid in fertilizing better attitude and prevention practice towards dengue fever and bring down its incidence in Malaysia.

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Evaluation of the Hypothetical Constructs of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices regarding Dengue in Selangor, Malaysia

10.21203/rs.2.12393/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Alaba Ajibola Lamidi-Sarumoh ◽

Shamarina Shohaimi ◽

Mohd Bakri Adam ◽

Mohd Noor Hisham Mohd Nadzir ◽

Emmanuel Segun Oguntade ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Path Analysis ◽

Dengue Fever ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Partial Least Square ◽

Least Square ◽

Health Campaigns ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Preventive Practices ◽

Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Abstract Background: Knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) on dengue are hypothetical constructs which are substantiated through the set of composed questions. KAP on dengue is one of the most economical and effective methods used to curtail the incidence of dengue fever because of the absence of efficient vaccines with considerable contraindications and certified chemoprophylaxis for the infection in the affected regions of the world. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with the use of a validated structured bilingual questionnaire specifically to assess the KAP on dengue among population in Selangor, Malaysia. Exploratory factor analysis was used to examine the dimensionality and interdependence among the items of the questionnaire and partial least square path analysis (PLS-path analysis) was used to explore the weights of the indicative sub-constructs on the main constructs. Results: Items on knowledge about dengue fever and vectors were factored into six sub-constructs, items on attitudes towards dengue were factored into four sub-constructs and items on preventive practices against dengue were also factored into four sub-constructs. PLS-path analysis revealed the exact sub-constructs which had a low and negative impact on the main hypothetical constructs. Conclusion: Visualization of the structural system of KAP on dengue was presented. The results from this novel application gave an insight into the exact KAP on dengue that is insufficient among respondents. Also, this result can be of benefit to the planning of future community health campaigns and mediation strategies to reduce the risk of dengue virus infection.

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TINGKAT PENULARAN KASUS DENGUE BERDASARKAN KARAKTERISTIK HABITAT LARVA Aedes sp DI KECAMATAN MUSTIKAJAYA, KOTA BEKASI

Jurnal Ekologi Kesehatan ◽

10.22435/jek.17.2.99.105-113 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 105-113

Author(s):

Rina Marina ◽

Ema Hermawati

Keyword(s):

Dengue Virus ◽

Larval Density ◽

Virus Transmission ◽

Total Sample ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Great Chance ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Larval Habitats ◽

Transmission Region ◽

Transmission Status

ABSTRACT The cycle of dengue virus transmission is influenced by the interaction between humans, dengue virus, vector (mosquito), and the environment. Density of Aedes sp. larvae can affect the transmission status of DHF cases. The research was conducted to determine the relationship between the characteristics of the larval density of Aedes sp. This is an observational with a cross sectional study design, with a total sample of 280 households. The results showed that for regions with high DHF transmission, entomology indices showed House Index (HI), Container Index (CI), Bretau Index (BI) and Density Figure (DF) respectively were 36%, 20%, 54 with density figures at high risk of transmission. In areas with low DHF transmission, the figure is 19%, 8%, 24, and the density figures at moderate risk of transmission. Characteristic factors of containers in areas with high transmission status that can affect the presence of Aedes sp. larvae are species (p = 0.00; OR = 12.26), location (p = 0.00; OR = 5.05) and ingredients (p = 0.00; OR = 2.9), whereas in the low transmission region are types (p = 0.01; OR = 15.15), color (p = 0.00; OR = 4.29) and ingredients (p = 0.00; OR = 4.05). It can be concluded that abandoned containers have a great chance to become habitat for Aedes sp. larvae which can contribute to the transmission of dengue virus. There is a need for community participation, which is supported by community leaders and cross-sectoral officers, to properly manage outdoors and neglected containers so they do not have the chance to become larval habitats. Keywords: Dengue, larvae, habitat, Aedes sp. ABSTRAK Siklus penularan virus dengue dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara manusia, virus dengue, vektor (nyamuk), dan lingkungan. Kepadatan dari larva Aedes sp. dapat mempengaruhi status transmisi kasus DBD. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik dengan kepadatan larva Aedes sp. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan studi potong lintang, dengan total sampel sebanyak 280 rumah tangga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan untuk wilayah dengan transmisi DBD tinggi, indeks entomologi berturut-turut menunjukkan House Indeks (HI), Container Index (CI), Bretau Index (BI) dan Density Figure(DF) adalah 36%, 20%, 54 dengan kategori density figure pada risiko penularan tinggi. Pada wilayah dengan transmisi DBD rendah menunjukkan angka 19%, 8%, 24, dan density figure pada risiko penularan sedang. Faktor-faktor karakteristik dari kontainer pada wilayah dengan status transmisi tinggi yang dapat mempengaruhi keberadaan larva Aedes sp. adalah jenis (p=0,00; OR=12,26), letak (p=0,00; OR=5,05) dan bahan (p=0,00; OR=2,9), sedangkan pada wilayah transmisi rendah adalah jenis (p=0,01; OR=15,15), warna (p=0,00; OR=4,29) dan bahan (p=0,00; OR=4,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kontainer yang terbengkalai berpeluang besar menjadi habitat larva Aedes sp. yang dapat berkontribusi terjadinya transmisi virus dengue. Diperlukan adanya peran serta masyarakat, yang didukung oleh tokoh masyarakat dan petugas lintas sektor, untuk mengelola dengan baik kontainer-kontainer di luar rumah dan terbengkalai agar tidak berpeluang menjadi habitat larva. Kata kunci: Dengue, larva, habitat, Aedes sp

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Services Provided for Lactating Mothers at Lactation Management Clinic in Selected Tertiary Level Hospitals

Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine ◽

10.3329/jopsom.v38i2.47867 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 68-73

Author(s):

Tarannum Tasnim ◽

ANM Shamsul Islam ◽

Mehedi Hasan Azad ◽

Farhana Sharmin

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Milk Production ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dietary Advice ◽

Tertiary Level ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Breast Milk Production ◽

Lactating Mothers ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Background: Children are the precious gift from the Almightily Allah and breast milk is an ideal product given to the human being by nature to fulfill all requirements of the offspring until they are matured enough to take adult food. Objective: To assess the services provided for lactating mothers at lactation management centre in selected tertiary level hospitals. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted among 100 Lactating mothers who were selected conveniently and were interviewed by pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire and an observational checklist. Collected data were processed and analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Packages for Social Science) software. Results: Lactation management centre (LMC) is supervised by a consultant and separate room is allotted in both out-patient and in-patient departments. Mothers came with lactation problems were more likely in the first month of the baby (73%) and feeling of not enough milk production was common (49%).Highly significant relationship was found between breast problems of lactating mother and age of child (p<0.001). About 84% respondents received practical demonstration on position and attachment of the baby during lactation. About 91% respondents got dietary advice for enough breast milk production, 75% got dietary advice regarding their child’s weaning food chart and69% got health education. Maximum mothers were informed about LMC by doctor & nurse (82%). Conclusion: Information about LMC services should be disseminated across the country. Lactating mothers should be familiarized with LMC and public awareness should be enhanced for effective management of breastfeeding problem to promote, protect and support the breastfeeding. JOPSOM 2019; 38(2): 68-73

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Unravelling the Perspectives of Day and Night Traders in Selected Markets within a Sub-Saharan African City with a Malaria Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Survey

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18073468 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (7) ◽

pp. 3468

Author(s):

Patience B. Tetteh-Quarcoo ◽

Nicholas T. K. D. Dayie ◽

Kevin Kofi Adutwum-Ofosu ◽

John Ahenkorah ◽

Emmanuel Afutu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Malaria Treatment ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

African City ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Treatment Type ◽

Significant Difference ◽

High Knowledge ◽

Sub Saharan

Background: Malaria is still endemic in sub-Saharan Africa, with a high disease burden. Misconceptions about malaria contribute to poor attitudes and practices, further increasing the burden in endemic countries. Studies have examined the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of malaria among different populations. However, there seems to be no available literature reporting on the perspectives of day and night market traders. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on malaria KAP with a focus on day and night market traders. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study involving day and night market traders in 10 selected markets within the Greater Accra Region of Ghana was carried out. Data were collected from consenting respondents using a structured questionnaire. Results: Of the 760 respondents (33.3% (n = 253) night and 66.7% (n = 507) day traders) interviewed, there was no significant difference between the day and night market traders in terms of malaria KAP. Although the market traders had an overall moderate knowledge (54.0% of the day traders and 56.5% of the night traders), misconceptions about malaria (especially that it could be caused by exposure to the sun) still existed among the traders. Moreover, the majority of the traders who demonstrated high knowledge (43.98%, n = 250) did not always take laboratory tests to confirm their suspicion, indicating poor attitude. Furthermore, the market traders’ choice of drug for malaria treatment (p = 0.001) and preferred malaria treatment type (orthodox or herbal) (p = 0.005) were significantly associated with their knowledge level. Conclusions: Despite the observation that no significant difference in KAP exists between day and night market traders, appropriate health education programs and interventions still need to be directed at misconceptions, poor attitudes, and poor practices revealed by this study. This will ultimately help in the prevention and control of malaria in Ghana, and globally.

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