scholarly journals Screening of Wheat Genotypes Against Leaf Rust Under Artificial and Natural Environmental Condition

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-122
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Rust Diseases ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Type Response

Rust diseases are considered to be responsible for significant qualitative and quantitative damages on wheat. However, the severity of rust diseases can be managed through development of resistant lines. The present study was aimed to scrutinize existing wheat germplasm against leaf rust and stripe rust of wheat. For this purpose 30 wheat genotypes were assessed for disease resistance under artificial inoculation conditions and 16 genotypes were evaluated under natural conditions at Nuclear Institute for Agriculture (NIA), Tandojam, Pakistan. The disease severity ratings were taken according to Cobs’scale. The studies revealed that wheat genotypes were markedly differed in their resistance to leaf and stripe rust. Among the tested wheat lines / varieties, 6 were rated as resistant, 6 moderately resistant, 13 showed MRMS type response, 2 showed moderately susceptible reaction, 3 lines/varieties displayed susceptible response against leaf rust under artificial conditions. Moreover, under natural conditions 1 was rated as resistant, 2 showed MRMS type response against leaf rust and all were found resistant or immune against stripe rusts under both the conditions. Hence, it was suggested that resistant genotypes evaluated from these studies can be deployed in the future breeding strategies to evolve the resistant varieties against leaf & stripe rusts of wheat

Resistance of Tangmai 4 wheat to powdery mildew, stem rust, leaf rust, and stripe rust and its chromosome composition

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 1015-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Li ◽  
R. L. Conner ◽  
B. D. McCallum ◽  
X. M. Chen ◽  
H. Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
C Banding ◽  
Rust Diseases ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Secale Cereale L

The hard red winter wheat Tangmai 4 did not develop symptoms of infection following inoculation with powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis DC. f. sp. tritici E. Marchal) isolates from regions of western Canada and northern China. Tangmai 4 exhibited resistance to stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. & Henn.) and leaf rust (P. triticina Eriks.) races from western Canada. This wheat line was resistant to individual stripe rust (P. striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Eriks.) races from the U.S. and Canada. Sequential C-banding and genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), and electrophoretic analyses of high molecular weight glutenins and gliadins demonstrated that Tangmai 4 carried a pair of T1BL·1RS wheat-rye (Secale cereale L.) translocated chromosomes. Since the genes located on T1BL·1RS are no longer effective in controlling powdery mildew and the rust diseases, Tangmai 4 must carry additional genes for resistance to these diseases, which makes it a valuable resource for the improvement of resistance in wheat against these diseases. Key words: T1BL·1RS translocation, disease resistance, sequential C-banding and GISH, glutenin, gliadin

Seedling resistances to rust diseases in international triticale germplasm

2010 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zhang ◽  
C. R. Wellings ◽  
R. A. McIntosh ◽  
R. F. Park
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant Resistance ◽  
Stem Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Seedling Resistance ◽  
Rust Diseases

Seedling resistances to stem rust, leaf rust and stripe rust were evaluated in the 37th International Triticale Screening Nursery, distributed by the International Wheat and Maize Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) in 2005. In stem rust tests, 12 and 69 of a total of 81 entries were postulated to carry Sr27 and SrSatu, respectively. When compared with previous studies of CIMMYT triticale nurseries distributed from 1980 to 1986 and 1991 to 1993, the results suggest a lack of expansion in the diversity of stem rust resistance. A total of 62 of 64 entries were resistant to five leaf rust pathotypes. In stripe rust tests, ~93% of the lines were postulated to carry Yr9 alone or in combination with other genes. The absence of Lr26 in these entries indicated that Yr9 and Lr26 are not genetically associated in triticale. A high proportion of nursery entries (63%) were postulated to carry an uncharacterised gene, YrJackie. The 13 lines resistant to stripe rust and the 62 entries resistant to leaf rust represent potentially useful sources of seedling resistance in developing new triticale cultivars. Field rust tests are needed to verify if seedling susceptible entries also carry adult plant resistance.

scholarly journals Characterization and Mapping of Leaf Rust and Stripe Rust Resistance Loci in Hexaploid Wheat Lines UC1110 and PI610750 under Mexican Environments

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caixia Lan ◽  
Iago L. Hale ◽  
Sybil A. Herrera-Foessel ◽  
Bhoja R. Basnet ◽  
Mandeep S. Randhawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Lines

scholarly journals Efficiency of leaf rust resistance genes in Martonvásár

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (SI 2 - 6th Conf EFPP 2002) ◽  
pp. 593-595
Author(s):  
M. Gál ◽  
L. Szunics ◽  
G. Vida ◽  
Lu. Szunics ◽  
O. Veisz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Hungarian Academy ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Rust Resistance Genes ◽  
Leaf Rust Resistance Genes

The efficiency of leaf rust resistance genes in adult plants was studied on near-isogenic lines of Thatcher carrying known leaf rust resistance genes in the artificially inoculated leaf rust nursery of the Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Martonvásár over a five-year period (1997–2001). Eight of the wheat lines tested (Lr9, Lr19, Lr23, Lr24, Lr25, Lr29, Lr35, Lr37) exhibited little or no infection. Lines carrying genes Lr13, Lr44 and LrB were resistant in two years and those carrying Lr34, Lr38 and LrW in three years, after which they suffered moderate or heavy infection. Three lines (Lr12, Lr17, Lr32) proved to be moderately resistant. The majority of the wheat lines tested became heavily infected.

scholarly journals Introgression of leaf rust and stripe rust resistance from Sharon goatgrass (Aegilops sharonensis Eig) into bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Genome ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 309-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Millet ◽  
J. Manisterski ◽  
P. Ben-Yehuda ◽  
A. Distelfeld ◽  
J. Deek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Chromosome ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
The United States ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Wheat Diseases ◽  
Aegilops Sharonensis ◽  
Resistant Varieties

Leaf rust and stripe rust are devastating wheat diseases, causing significant yield losses in many regions of the world. The use of resistant varieties is the most efficient way to protect wheat crops from these diseases. Sharon goatgrass (Aegilops sharonensis or AES), which is a diploid wild relative of wheat, exhibits a high frequency of leaf and stripe rust resistance. We used the resistant AES accession TH548 and induced homoeologous recombination by the ph1b allele to obtain resistant wheat recombinant lines carrying AES chromosome segments in the genetic background of the spring wheat cultivar Galil. The gametocidal effect from AES was overcome by using an “anti-gametocidal” wheat mutant. These recombinant lines were found resistant to highly virulent races of the leaf and stripe rust pathogens in Israel and the United States. Molecular DArT analysis of the different recombinant lines revealed different lengths of AES segments on wheat chromosome 6B, which indicates the location of both resistance genes.

Stripe rust resistance among western Canadian spring wheat and triticale varieties

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Randhawa ◽  
B. J. Puchalski ◽  
M. Frick ◽  
A. Goyal ◽  
T. Despins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Puccinia Striiformis ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
Plant Resistance Gene ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Randhawa, H., Puchalski, B. J., Frick, M., Goyal, A., Despins, T., Graf, R. J., Laroche, A. and Gaudet, D. A. 2012. Stripe rust resistance among western Canadian spring wheat and triticale varieties. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 713–722. Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis Westend.) is an important pathogen of wheat in western Canada and worldwide. One hundred and four spring wheat and triticale varieties and cultivars were evaluated for resistance to stripe rust in nurseries at Lethbridge and Creston, BC, during 2009 and 2010. In the Canada Prairie Spring Red (CPSR) wheat class, newer varieties were more resistant compared with many of the older varieties. Among the white Canada Prairie Spring White (CPSW) wheats, Vista was moderately resistant, whereas Snowhite475 and Snowhite476 were susceptible. Little useful resistance was observed within the Canada Western Hard White Spring (CWHWS) class. Sixty percent of the Canada Western Red Spring (CWRS) wheats, including the currently popular varieties Lillian, Harvest and Kane, were resistant. Susceptible CWRS varieties that are extensively seeded in western Canada include AC Barrie, Superb and McKenzie, but also include the recently registered CDC Kernen and Vesper. The varieties were tested for the presence of the stripe rust genes Yr10, Yr17, Yr18 and Yr36 using molecular markers. Much of the stripe rust resistance, particularly in the CWRS, Canada Western Extra Strong (CWES), and CPSR wheat classes was attributed to the presence of adult plant resistance gene Yr18. Yr17 and Yr36 were also detected among CWRS and CWES varieties. However, the absence of markers for known genes in several resistant varieties indicated that uncharacterized genes for stripe rust occur among hexaploid wheats. Durum wheat and triticale varieties were universally resistant with the absence of tested markers. Therefore, there appear to be numerous sources of stripe rust resistance, both characterized and uncharacterized, among western Canadian spring wheat and triticale varieties.

scholarly journals Leaf rust occurrence in European winter wheat varieties and breeding lines

2000 ◽  
Vol 36 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 141-146
Author(s):  
L. Věchet
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Hypersensitive Reaction ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Resistant Varieties ◽  
European Winter Wheat ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

In 1998 and 1999, 52 winter wheat varieties and breeding lines originated from ten European countries were tested for their reaction to leaf rust, the inoculum was a mixture of races UN3-61SaBa and UN13-77SaBa. Twenty six varieties and lines stayed in the same group (susceptible, moderately susceptible, moderate, moderately resista nt) in both years, with the majority being moderately resistant. Of the Czech varieties Asta, Rexia and VIada stayed in the same group in both years. Some varieties moved from one group in 1998 to another in 1999. Some of the moderately resistant varieties and lines (Hereward, WW2568, P8634, Trakos, WW251 0, Asset, WW2564) showed a hypersensitive reaction (chlorosis, necrosis). There were differences in the number of diseased plants between groups with a different reaction to leaf rust mainly at the beginning of the epidemic

Registration of Five Spring Wheat Lines Resistant to Russian Wheat Aphid, Stem Rust (Ug99), Leaf Rust, and Stripe Rust

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicki L. Tolmay ◽  
Scott L. Sydenham ◽  
Willem H.P. Boshoff ◽  
Barend S. Wentzel ◽  
Chrissie W. Miles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Russian Wheat Aphid ◽  
Wheat Lines

scholarly journals Selection of Pyramided Barley Advanced Lines for Stripe Rust, Leaf Rust and Crown Rust Diseases Using Molecular Markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Resham B. Amgai ◽  
Shreejan Pokharel ◽  
Sumitra Pantha ◽  
Atit Parajuli ◽  
Sudeep Subedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Rust Resistance ◽  
Crown Rust ◽  
Barley Variety ◽  
Stripe Rust Resistance ◽  
Rust Diseases

Barley diseases are the major yield limiting factors for barley cultivation in Nepal. Stripe/Yellow rust (P. striformis f.sp. hordei and P. striformis f.sp. tritici), leaf rust (Puccinia hordei), and crown rust (P. coronata) are the major rust diseases in Nepal. Pyramiding resistance genes against all these rust diseases are possible through molecular marker assisted breeding. Sweden originated barley variety ‘Bonus’ is found resistant to stripe rust and having linked microsatellite markers for stripe rust and crown rust resistance. Similarly, Nepalese hull-less barley variety ‘Solu Uwa’ and Nepalese awn-less barley landrace NPGR Acc# 2478 have linked microsatellite markers for leaf rust resistance. Therefore, one polymorphic sequence tagged sites (STS) marker (ABG054) for stripe rust resistance, two polymorphic simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers (Bmac0144h and HVM049) for leaf rust and one polymorphic SSR marker (Bmag0006) for crown rust resistance were used to select the advanced barley lines (at F8 stage) from above parents. Field screening of stripe rust resistance was also conducted. Among 51 advanced and field disease resistance lines from Bonus/Solu Uwa cross, we have selected 10 pyramided lines for all three types of barley rust resistance. Similarly, among 39 advanced and field disease resistance lines from Bonus/NPGR Acc#2478 cross we have selected three pyramided lines and advanced for further yield testing for general cultivation purpose. The chances of losing the desired gene are high in late generation selection using molecular marker assisted selection (MAS); but the chances of getting agronomically superior varietal output will also increase.

scholarly journals Appraisal of wheat germplasm for adult plant resistance against stripe rust

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 405-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamran Saleem ◽  
Hafiz M. Imran Arshad ◽  
Sajid Shokat ◽  
Babar Manzoor Atta
Keyword(s):  
Stripe Rust ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Quantitative Resistance ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Rust Severity ◽  
High Level ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Abstract The resurgence of wheat stripe rust is of great concern for world food security. Owing to resistance breakdown and the appearance of new virulent high-temperature adapted races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), many high yielding commercial varieties in the country lost their yield potential. Searching for new sources of resistance is the best approach to mitigate the problem. Quantitative resistance (partial or adult plant) or durable resistance is reported to be more stable than race specific resistance. In the current perusal, a repertoire of 57 promising wheat lines along with the KLcheck line Morocco, developed through hybridisation and selection of local and international lines with International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT) origin, were evaluated under natural field conditions at Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology (NIAB) during the 2012−2013 and 2013−2014 time periods. Final rust severity (FRS), the area under the rust progress curve (AURPC), the relative area under the rust progress curve (rAURPC), and the coefficient of infection (CI) were unraveled to infer the level of quantitative resistance. Final rust severity was recorded when the susceptible check exhibited 100% severity. There were 21 lines which were immune (no disease), 16 which were resistant, five moderately resistant, two resistant-to-moderately resistant, one moderately resistant-to-moderately susceptible, 5 moderately susceptible-to-susceptible, one moderately susceptible, and six exhibited a susceptible response. Nevertheless, 51 lines exhibited a high level of partial resistance while the three lines, NW-5-1212-1, NW-7-30-1, and NW-7-5 all showed a moderate level of partial resistance based on FRS, while 54 lines, on the basis of AURPC and rAURPC, were identified as conferring a high level of partial resistance. Moreover, adult plant resistance was conferred by 47 wheat lines, based on CI value. It was striking that, 13 immune lines among 21 were derived from parents of CIMMYT origin. Cluster analysis was executed to determine the diversity among the wheat genotypes based on stripe rust resistance and yield parameters. All genotypes were grouped into nine clusters exhibiting a high level of diversity at a 25% linkage distance. There were 29 wheat lines resistant to stripe rust that were grouped into the first three clusters, while 4 high-yielding lines were in Cluster VIII. The susceptible check, Morocco, was separated from rest of lines and fell in the last cluster i.e. Cluster IX. Based on the results, inter-crossing immune/ resistant lines is recommended, and with high yielding lines − it is also recommended that cultivars with improved disease resistance and yield potential be developed.

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