Synthesis of Feather Concentrate from Broiler Feather Waste using Different Chemical Hydrolysis Process and Effect on Its Properties

Processing of glucosamine from crab shell chitin can be done by chemical hydrolysis with hydrochloric acid (HCl). The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of chitin immersion by various concentrations of HCL toward glucosamine generated and the selected concentration of HCL to glucosamine chemical hydrolysis process. The material used in this study is crab shells from Betahwalang village, Demak, and the solvent is HCl and NaOH. Parameters are glucosamine yield, melting point, loss on drying (LoD), PH and spectrum analysis with FTIR method. Research using experimental design completely randomized design three times treatment with repetition. The results were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) to determine the differences between treatments concentration of 27%, 32% and 37%. The selected were tested with honestly significant difference test. The results showed differences in the concentration of HCl used cause differences in the characteristics of the resulting glucosamine. The higher HCl concentrations used, the lower the rendemen results and melting point. The selected HCL treatment concentration was at 27% observed from glucosamine yield (18.39%) and the melting point (192-195oC). The treatment of 37% produces LoD (0.647%), pH (4.01) and spectrum glucosamine is an O-H group (3297.75/cm), the group of N-H (1617.53/cm), the group of C-N (1394.94/cm). Keywords: crab shells, chitin, melting point, glucosamine

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Bioconversion of Industrial Cassava Solid Waste (Onggok) to Bioethanol Using a Saccharification and Fermentation process

International Journal of Renewable Energy Development ◽

10.14710/ijred.2022.41332 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 357-363

Author(s):

Soeprijanto Soeprijanto ◽

Lailatul Qomariyah ◽

Afan Hamzah ◽

Saidah Altway

Keyword(s):

Solid Waste ◽

Fermentation Process ◽

Ethanol Concentration ◽

Reducing Sugar ◽

Alpha Amylase ◽

Acidic Hydrolysis ◽

Chemical Hydrolysis ◽

Hydrolysis Process ◽

Final Ethanol Concentration ◽

Starch Industry

Cassava solid waste (Onggok) is a by-product of the starch industry containing a lot of fiber, especially cellulose and hemicellulose. It has the potential to be converted to bioethanol. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of feedstocks ratio for the optimal bioethanol production via enzymatic and acidic hydrolysis process in a batch fermentation process. The effect of alpha-amylase and glucoamylase activities was studied. The sulfuric acid concentrations in the hydrolysis process in converting cassava into reducing sugar were also investigated. The reducing sugar was then fermented to produce ethanol. Enzymatic and chemical hydrolysis was carried out with the ratio of onggok(g)/water(L), 50/1, 75/1, and 100/1 (w/v). In the enzymatic hydrolysis, 22.5, 45, and 67.5 KNU (Kilo Novo alpha-amylase Unit) for liquefaction; and 65, 130, and 195 GAU (Glucoamylase Unit) for saccharification, respectively of enzymes were applied. The liquefaction was carried out at 90-100⁰C for 2 hours. The saccharification was executed at 65 ⁰C for 4 hours. Meanwhile, the acidic hydrolysis operating condition was at 90-100 ⁰C for 3 hours. The fermentation was performed at pH 4.5 for 3 days. Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) analysis was conducted to evaluate the hydrolysis process. The highest ethanol was yielded in the fermentation at 8.89% with the ratio of onggok to water 100:1, 67.5 KNU of alpha-amylase, and 195 GAU of glucoamylase. Ethanol was further purified utilizing fractional distillation. The final ethanol concentration was at 93-94%.

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ACOUSTIC PANEL CHICKEN FEATHER WASTE ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY

10.31224/osf.io/ge89b ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ansarullah ◽

Ramli Rahim ◽

Baharuddin Hamzah ◽

Asniawaty Kusno ◽

Muhammad Tayeb

Keyword(s):

Animal Feed ◽

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Selling Price ◽

Chicken Feather ◽

Chicken Feathers ◽

The Road ◽

Feather Waste ◽

Chicken Feather Waste ◽

Almost All ◽

The Impact

Chicken feathers are the result of waste from slaughterhouses and billions ofkilograms of waste produced by various kinds of poultry processing. This hal is a veryserious problem for the environment because it causes the impact of pollution. Hasmany utilization of chicken feather waste such as making komocen, accessories,upholstery materials, making brackets to the manufacture of animal feed but from theresults of this activity cannot reduce the production of chicken feathers that hiscontinuously increase every year. This is due to the fact that the selling price of chickenmeat has been reached by consumers with middle to upper economic levels. This caneasily be a chicken menu in almost all restaurants and restaurants to the food stalls onthe side of the road. An alternative way of utilizing chicken feathers is to makecomposite materials in the form of panels. Recent studies have shown that the pvacmaterial can be utilized as a mixing and adhesive material with mashed or groundfeathered composites to form a panel that can later be used as an acoustic material.The test results show that the absorption of chicken feathers and pvac glue into panelscan absorb sound well with an absorption coefficient of 0.59, light. This result is veryeconomical so it is worth to be recommended as an acoustic material. Apart from theresults of research methods carried out is one of the environmentally friendly activitiesin particular the handling of waste problems

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Optimizing THP – The intermediate thermal hydrolysis process

Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation ◽

10.2175/193864716821125466 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 (3) ◽

pp. 878-886

Author(s):

Ester Rus ◽

Aurelien Perrault ◽

Nick Mills ◽

Achame Shana ◽

Obinna Molokwu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Thermal Hydrolysis ◽

Hydrolysis Process

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PEMBUATAN BIOETANOL DARI KUPASAN KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum L.) DENGAN PROSES FERMENTASI

Jurnal Kimia ◽

10.24843/jchem.2016.v10.i01.p21 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Devi Esteria Hasianna Purba ◽

Iryanti Eka Suprihatin ◽

A.A.I.A. Mayun Laksmiwati

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Renewable Energy ◽

Solanum Tuberosum ◽

Acid Hydrolysis ◽

Sulphuric Acid ◽

Solanum Tuberosum L ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Hydrolysis Process ◽

Potato Peels ◽

Detoxification Process

Ethanol fermented from potato peels is proposed as one alternative source of renewable energy called bioethanol. In this research bioethanol was produced through four stages namely acid hydrolysis, detoxification, fermentation and distillation. The acid hydrolysis process was carried out using sulphuric acid at 100oC for 60 minutes. The detoxification process was carried out by adding NH4OH into the hydrolyzate prior to fermentation. Distillation was performed up to 100oC and the distillate with the BP of 78-84oC was determined for its ethanol content using gas chromatography. The ethanol produced from 5 grams of dried potato peels through fermentation for 4, 5, 6, and 7 days 3.54%; 4,85%; 5,35%; and 6.15% respectively.

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Optimization on The Hydrolysis Process of Cellulose from Corn Husk to Glucose with Activated Carbon Catalyst Sulfonated

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/1858/1/012088 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1858 (1) ◽

pp. 012088

Author(s):

Didi Dwi Anggoro ◽

Luqman Buchori ◽

Mohamad Djaeni ◽

Ratnawati ◽

Diah Susetyo Retnowati ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Carbon Catalyst ◽

Corn Husk ◽

Hydrolysis Process

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Enzymatic textile recycling – best practices and outlook

Waste Management & Research ◽

10.1177/0734242x211029167 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0734242X2110291

Author(s):

Benjamin Piribauer ◽

Andreas Bartl ◽

Wolfgang Ipsmiller

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Complete Removal ◽

The European Union ◽

Textile Processing ◽

Current State ◽

Industrial Implementation ◽

Hydrolysis Process ◽

Textile Recycling ◽

Textile Sector ◽

Suitable Process

Recently, textiles and their end-of-life management have become the focus of public and political attention. In the European Union the revised waste framework directive defines textiles as municipal waste and stipulates their separate collection by 2025. In the context of these developments, this paper summarises briefly the current state-of-the-art in textile recycling. It is evident that recycling methods are not yet fully developed. This is especially the case with multi-material textiles, which are composed of two or more polymers that are incompatible for recycling. In the practical part of the communication, results are presented which show that enzymatic hydrolysis is a suitable process for recycling textiles made of cotton and polyester. After a complete removal of cotton, the remaining pure polyester fibres undergo a re-granulation and post-condensation step. The so obtained recycled polyester is fed back into the textile processing chain and finally towels are obtained. The main steering parameters of the enzymatic hydrolysis process are described. The study proves that solutions in accordance with the Circular Economy in the textile sector are available but an industrial implementation has not yet been realised.

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