On the early detecting of the COVID-19 outbreak

Introduction: This paper aims to measure the performance of early detection methods, which are usually used for infectious diseases. Methodology: By using real data of confirmed Coronavirus cases from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Italy, the moving epidemic method (MEM) and the moving average cumulative sums (Mov. Avg Cusum) methods are used in our simulation study. Results: Our results suggested that the CUSUM method outperforms the MEM in detecting the start of the Coronavirus outbreak.

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Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviours of Healthcare Workers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to MERS Coronavirus and Other Emerging Infectious Diseases

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph13121214 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 1214 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Abdullah Alsahafi ◽

Allen Cheng

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Infectious Diseases ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Emerging Infectious Diseases ◽

Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia

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Male Partners’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perception of Women’s Breast Cancer in Abha, Southwestern Saudi Arabia

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph16173089 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (17) ◽

pp. 3089

Author(s):

Hassan M. Al-Musa ◽

Nabil J. Awadalla ◽

Ahmed A. Mahfouz

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Early Detection ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Detection Methods ◽

Cancer Site ◽

Male Partners ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Early Presentation ◽

Saudi Women

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is ranked as the most frequently diagnosed cancer site among women in Saudi Arabia. Several studies in Saudi Arabia have reported low awareness of BC and significant obstacles to early presentation among Saudi women. A key sociocultural obstacle against breast screening and early detection of BC in several conservative cultures is that men manage women’s choices and activities. The aim of this research is to find out the key background knowledge, attitudes, and related practice among male partners in the city of Abha in relation to women’s BC prevention and means for early detection. Methods: A cross-sectional study targeting husbands aged 20 years or older chosen from the outpatient clinics in the Urban Primary Health Care Centers in Abha City. Through questionnaires, interview data were collected regarding knowledge about BC and wife practices and attitudes towards BC. Results: The study included 832 husbands. The study showed that only 20.2% (95% confidence interval (CI): 19.9–24.1) of husbands had heard about mammography and only 22.1% had heard about breast self-examination among women as a screening test for BC. The most commonly mentioned variations that might occur in relation to BC were size changes (45.6%). The leading source of BC knowledge was from television (48.9%), and the least-mentioned source of information was healthcare workers (22.4%). Husbands mentioned that only 9.3% of wives had been examined before by mammography. In a multivariate logistic regression of male factors associated with wives’ practices and attitudes towards BC, only good knowledge among husbands was a significant factor. Conclusions: The study documented the low level of BC knowledge among male partners. There is an urgent need to pay more consideration to disseminating awareness among men, as they are associates, and they must be armed with proper awareness. There is an urgent demand for establishing a national program and educational campaigns towards BC. Stressing the advantages and access to free mammography is necessary.

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A Mathematical Model to Investigate the Transmission of COVID-19 in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine ◽

10.1155/2020/9136157 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fehaid Salem Alshammari

Keyword(s):

Numerical Simulation ◽

Mathematical Model ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Reproduction Number ◽

Real Data ◽

Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽

Globally Stable ◽

Disease Free ◽

The Basic Reproduction Number ◽

Good Agreement

Since the first confirmed case of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) on March 02, 2020, Saudi Arabia has not reported quite a rapid COVD-19 spread as seen in America and many European countries. Possible causes include the spread of asymptomatic COVID-19 cases. To characterize the transmission of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia, a susceptible, exposed, symptomatic, asymptomatic, hospitalized, and recovered dynamical model was formulated, and a basic analysis of the model is presented including model positivity, boundedness, and stability around the disease-free equilibrium. It is found that the model is locally and globally stable around the disease-free equilibrium when R 0 < 1 . The model parameterized from COVID-19 confirmed cases reported by the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia (MOH) from March 02 till April 14, while some parameters are estimated from the literature. The numerical simulation showed that the model predicted infected curve is in good agreement with the real data of COVID-19-infected cases. An analytical expression of the basic reproduction number R 0 is obtained, and the numerical value is estimated as R 0 ≈ 2.7 .

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Pediatrics’ Total Parenteral Nutrition: Initiative and implementation of standardized formulation in Saudi Arabia

Research in Pharmacy and Health Sciences ◽

10.32463/rphs.2018.v04i03.16 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 492-496

Author(s):

Yousef Ahmed Alomi ◽

Hussam Saad Almalki ◽

Aisha Omar Fallatah ◽

Awatif Faraj Alshammari ◽

Nesreen Al-Shubbar

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Clinical Outcome ◽

Parenteral Nutrition ◽

Drug Related Problems ◽

Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽

Parental Nutrition ◽

Management Project ◽

Improve Patient ◽

New System

The national total parental nutrition program with an emphasis on pediatrics started before several ago at Ministry of health hospitals In Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The program covered several regions and consisted from the foundation of Intravenous Admixture and preparation of pediatric parenteral nutrition to administration and follow up of patients outcomes. In addition to the prior system, the new initiative project with the standardized formulation of pediatric’s parenteral nutrition is the complementary project of the parental nutrition for pediatrics. The project initiated to prevent drug-related problems of parental nutrition, improve patient clinical outcome and reduce the unnecessary economic burden on the healthcare system. It is the new system in the Middle East and Gulf counties in additional to Saudi Arabia. The initiatives are the systemic implementation of standardized pediatrics formulation using management project tools of starting new idea until finding in the ground.

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Adult’s Total Parenteral Nutrition: Initiative and Implementation of Standardized Formulation in Saudi Arabia

Research in Pharmacy and Health Sciences ◽

10.32463/rphs.2018.v04i03.14 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 483-487

Author(s):

Yousef Ahmed Alomi ◽

Hussam Saad Almalki ◽

Aisha Omar Fallatah ◽

Awatif Faraj Alshammari ◽

Nahedh Rashed Alotaibi

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Parenteral Nutrition ◽

Pharmacy Practice ◽

International Standards ◽

Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽

Parental Nutrition ◽

International Regulations ◽

One Year ◽

New Formulation ◽

New System

The general administration of pharmaceutical care started potential pharmacy practice program. The program is part of accreditation professional’s process of national and international regulations. The adult’s parenteral nutrition was one of the critical programs. The most healthcare professionals are not familiar with the new system. The new initiatives system adult’s standardized concentration formulation of total parental nutrition as complementary to the previous one. The new formulation consisted of all parental nutrition requirements based on national and international standards. The new system can be converted as computerized physician orders. The new initiatives may implement as project management model over one year or less than that’s. The new system prevents nutrition-related problems, and medication errors, and improve clinical outcomes of the adults’ population in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

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Filipino Guest Workers, Gender Segregation, and the Changing Social/Labor-Scape in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

MIGRATION LETTERS ◽

10.33182/ml.v16i4.796 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 503-512

Author(s):

Simeon S. Magliveras

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Migrant Workers ◽

Major Part ◽

Gender Segregation ◽

Guest Workers ◽

Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽

Gcc Countries ◽

Overseas Filipino Workers ◽

Dress Codes ◽

Social Labor

Filipinos are a major part of the workforce in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with a population of almost one million. This article investigates the effects of gender segregation on Filipino workers and how they navigate their lives through systems imposed on them. In particular, it examines the Kafala system (administrative sponsoring system) used for recruiting migrant workers for GCC countries. This article suggests that contrary beliefs about gender segregation and dress codes, Filipinas found it empowering. However, this article also concludes that gender segregation and dress codes also lead to isolation and loneliness. In addition, it is concluded that the fate and contentment of the overseas Filipino workers are directly dependent on who sponsors them.

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Critical Analysis of Patient and Family Rights in JCI Accreditation and Cbahi Standards for Hospitals

International Journal of Emerging Research in Management and Technology ◽

10.23956/ijermt.v6i7.234 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

pp. 324

Author(s):

Zuber Mujeeb Shaikh

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Critical Analysis ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Joint Commission ◽

Primary Data ◽

Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽

Accreditation Standards ◽

Joint Commission International ◽

Central Board

Patient and Family Rights (PFR) is a common chapter available in the Joint Commission International (JCI) Accreditation[i] (fifth edition) and Central Board for Accreditation of Healthcare Institutions (CBAHI) Standards for hospitals (second edition)[ii]. JCI Accreditation is a USA based international healthcare accrediting organization, whereas CBAHI is the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia based national health care accrediting organization. However, both these standards are accredited by Ireland based International Society for Quality in Health Care (ISQua), which is the only accrediting organization who “accredit the accreditors' in the world. In Patient and Family Rights (PFR) chapter of JCI Accreditation for hospitals, there are nineteen (19) standards and seventy-seven (77) measurable elements (ME) whereas in CBAHI Accreditation there are thirty one (31) standards, ninety nine (99) sub-standards and fifty (50) evidence(s) of compliance (EC). The scoring mechanism is totally different in both these accrediting organizations. The researcher has identified thirty two (32) common parameters from JCI Accreditation and CBAHI standards, intent statement, measurable elements, sub-standard and evidence of compliance. On the basis of these identified common parameters, the researcher has compared the Patient and Family Rights chapter in JCI Accreditation and CBAHI Standards. Methods: This is a comparison study (normative comparison) in which the researcher has critically analyzed and compared the Patient and Family Rights (PFR) standards of JCI (Joint Commission International) Accreditation of USA (United States of America) and CBAHI (Central Board for Accreditation of Healthcare Institutions) of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Data Collection: Primary data are collected from the JCI Accreditation Standards for hospitals, fifth edition, 2013 and CBAHI Standards for hospitals of Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, second edition, 2011. Secondary data are collected from relevant published journals, articles, research papers, academic literature and web portals. Objectives of the Study: The aim of this study is to analyze critically Patient and Family Rights (PFR) Standards in JCI Accreditation and CBAHI Standards to point out the best in among both these standards. Conclusion: This critical analysis of Patient and Family Rights (PFR) Standards in JCI Accreditation and CBAHI Standards for hospitals clearly show that the PFR Standards in CBAHI Standards are very comprehensive than the JCI Accreditation standards.

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