scholarly journals Effects of acute hypoxia on auditory pathway of Wistar albino rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1580-1584
Author(s):  
Nevreste Didem SONBAY YILMAZ ◽  
Cem SAKA ◽  
Sibel ALİCURA TOKGÖZ ◽  
Murat ÇALIŞKAN ◽  
Erkan VURALKAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Acute Hypoxia ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Sudden Hearing Loss ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Critical Oxygen ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats ◽  
Adequate Oxygenation

Background/aim: Ischemia is insufficient blood flow to provide adequate oxygenation. In the present study, we aimed to show whether acute hypoxia has a critical oxygen value that may lead to the deterioration of cochlear function.Materials and methods: Under general anesthesia, prehypoxic signal-to-noise ratios were determined by distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE). The oxygen saturation (SaO2) values of rats were monitored with an oxygen saturation probe. Rats were injected with an extra dose of anesthetic agent, and SaO2 was reduced. DPOAE values in SaO2 100–90, 90–80, 80–70, and 70–60 posthypoxic values were measured and compared statistically with prehypoxic values.Results: At 3000 and 4000 Hz, SaO2 70–60 values measured after the hypoxia were observed to be statistically significantly lower than the values measured before the hypoxia. At 6000 and 8000 Hz, SaO2 80–70 and 70–60 values measured after the hypoxia were observed to be statistically significantly lower than the values measured before the hypoxia. At 10,000 Hz, all of the values measured after the hypoxia were observed to be statistically significantly lower than the values obtained before the hypoxia.Conclusion: Many studies have been conducted on the effects of hypoxia on the inner ear. It remains unclear how fluctuations in DPOAE levels affect hearing in clinical trials when the SaO2 starts to decrease. Although hypoxia has been implicated in the etiology of sudden hearing loss and tinnitus, the effects of acute hypoxia on the cochlea are still uncertain. Further studies are needed on this subject.

Evaluation of Efferent Auditory System and Hearing Quality in Parkinson's Disease: Is the Difficulty in Speech Understanding in Complex Listening Conditions Related to Neural Degeneration or Aging?

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nuriye Yıldırım Gökay ◽  
Bülent Gündüz ◽  
Fatih Söke ◽  
Recep Karamert
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Auditory System ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Pure Tone Audiometry ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
System Function ◽  
Distortion Product

Purpose The effects of neurological diseases on the auditory system have been a notable issue for investigators because the auditory pathway is closely associated with neural systems. The purposes of this study are to evaluate the efferent auditory system function and hearing quality in Parkinson's disease (PD) and to compare the findings with age-matched individuals without PD to present a perspective on aging. Method The study included 35 individuals with PD (mean age of 48.50 ± 8.00 years) and 35 normal-hearing peers (mean age of 49 ± 10 years). The following tests were administered for all participants: the first section of the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale; pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry, tympanometry, and acoustic reflexes; and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) and contralateral suppression of DPOAEs. SPSS Version 25 was used for statistical analyses, and values of p < .05 were considered statistically significant. Results There were no statistically significant differences in the pure-tone audiometry thresholds and DPOAE responses between the individuals with PD and their normal-hearing peers ( p = .732). However, statistically significant differences were found between the groups in suppression levels of DPOAEs and hearing quality ( p < .05). In addition, a statistically significant and positive correlation was found between the amount of suppression at some frequencies and the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing Scale scores. Conclusions This study indicates that medial olivocochlear efferent system function and the hearing quality of individuals with PD were affected adversely due to the results of PD pathophysiology on the hearing system. For optimal intervention and follow-up, tasks related to hearing quality in daily life can also be added to therapies for PD.

scholarly journals The Protective Effect of Intratympanic Dexamethasone on Streptomycin Ototoxicity in Rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. E12-E17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aylin Göl ◽  
Engin Şengül ◽  
Beyhan Yılmaz ◽  
Fazıl Emre Özkurt ◽  
Mehmet Akdağ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Hair Cells ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Cochlear Hair Cells ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Dexamethasone Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intratympanic Dexamethasone

The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate the protective role of intratympanically administered dexamethasone on the inner ears of rats that were exposed to streptomycin ototoxicity. Twenty-four adult Wistar albino rats were separated into 4 groups: Group 1 (only streptomycin), Group 2 (only intratympanic dexamethasone), Group 3 (streptomycin and intratympanic dexamethasone), and Group 4 (streptomycin and intratympanic saline). All rats were evaluated with distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) tests before the start of treatment and on the day it ended. On the 45th day, after the final DPOAE tests, animals of all groups were sacrificed under general anesthesia. The differences between the amplitudes of DPOAE results were determined, and hearing results were statistically analyzed. Also, the cochleas of each rat were histopathologically evaluated under a light microscope with hematoxylin and eosin staining. In the intratympanic dexamethasone group it was observed that cochlear hair cells were mostly protected. No significant difference was seen between the DPOAE results before and after treatment (p > 0.05). On the other hand, loss was observed in the hearing functions and hair cells of the rats that received streptomycin and streptomycin plus intratympanic saline (p < 0.05). In the streptomycin plus intratympanic dexamethasone group, the cochlear hair cells were partially protected. A significant difference was observed when the DPOAE results (DP-grams) of the streptomycin plus intratypmanic dexamethasone group were compared to those of the streptomycin plus intratympanic saline group (p < 0.05). After the experimental study, ototoxic effects of the administration of streptomycin and intratympanic dexamethasone were observed on the rats’ cochlear hair cells. We conclude that intratympanic dexamethasone has protective effects against this cochlear damage in rats.

scholarly journals Using electrocochleography to detect sensory and neural damages in a gerbil model

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastiaan W. F. Meenderink ◽  
Xiaohui Lin ◽  
Wei Dong
Keyword(s):  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Treatment Intervention ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Neural Damage ◽  
Distortion Products ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Distinct Level

AbstractHearing is one of the five sensory organs that allows us to interact with society and our environment. However, one in eight Americans suffers from sensorineural hearing loss that is great enough to adversely impact their daily life. There is an urgent need to identify what part/degree of the auditory pathway (sensory or neural) is compromised so that appropriate treatment/intervention can be implemented. Single- or two-tone evoked potentials, the electrocochleography (eCochG), were measured along the auditory pathway, i.e., at the round window and remotely at the vertex, with simultaneous recordings of ear canal distortion product otoacoustic emissions. Sensory (cochlear) and neural components in the (remote-) eCochG responses showed distinct level- and frequency-dependent features allowing to be differentiated from each other. Specifically, the distortion products in the (remote-)eCochGs can precisely localize the sensory damage showing that they are effective to determine the sensory or neural damage along the auditory pathway.

scholarly journals Reliability of Contralateral Suppression in Evoked Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina dos Santos ◽  
Ludimila Labanca ◽  
Larissa Resende Assumpção ◽  
Patricia Cotta Mancini ◽  
Sirley Alves da Silva Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Cochlear Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Clinical Applicability ◽  
Contralateral Suppression

Abstract Introduction Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) and their suppression may be considered useful in monitoring cochlear function and the efferent auditory pathway inhibitory effect. Nonetheless, the establishment of reliable parameters of response variations is of great importance. Objectives To verify the replicability of test and retest in the research of the inhibitory effect of the efferent pathway using contralateral suppressing stimulus during DPOAE recording for clinical applicability. Methods Cross-sectional study with 48 volunteers, aged 18 to 30 years, with normal audiometric thresholds. The procedures included were audiometric and immittance measures to overrule any conductive or sensorineural conditions and DPOAE recordings without and with contralateral suppression with a 60 dBHL white noise. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions amplitudes were analyzed and compared in both conditions with Wilcoxon test, and the Spearman correlation test was used to assess test-retest reliability. Results The comparative analysis showed differences between amplitudes in test and retest conditions only in 1,500 Hz for DPOAE measures with all other tested frequencies showing no differences, and no difference was observed in all recorded frequencies in the test and retest comparison for DPOAE suppression. The degree of correlation between test and retest of DPOAE amplitude was good at 6,000 Hz and strong (r > 0.880) at the other frequencies. For DPOAE with suppression, all frequencies presented strong correlation between test and retest: 1,500 Hz (r = 0.880), 2,000 Hz (r = 0.882), 3,000 Hz (r = 0.940), and 6,000 Hz (r = 0.957). Conclusions The study found good replicability in contralateral suppression of DPOAE with potential clinical applicability, and we recommend conducting the test from 2000Hz to higher frequencies for more reliable results.

The protective effect of Ginkgo biloba extract against experimental cisplatin ototoxicity: animal research using distortion product otoacoustic emissions

2012 ◽  
Vol 126 (11) ◽  
pp. 1097-1101 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Cakil ◽  
F Suren Basar ◽  
S Atmaca ◽  
S Kurnaz Cengel ◽  
A Tekat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Free Oxygen Radical ◽  
Distortion Product

AbstractBackground:Cisplatin, an effective therapeutic agent for various human cancers, has dose-limiting side effects of ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Cisplatin ototoxicity is thought to result from increased amounts of toxic free radicals or cell membrane changes leading to increased intracellular calcium content. Ginkgo biloba extract prevents lipid peroxidation, decreases intracellular free oxygen radical levels, regulates the cell membrane calcium transport mechanism and prevents cell death. This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of Ginkgo biloba extract against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in rats.Methods:Twenty Wistar albino rats with normal hearing (confirmed by distortion product otoacoustic emission testing prior to cisplatin application) were randomly allocated to two groups. Both groups received a single intraperitoneal dose of cisplatin (12 mg/kg). Group two also received daily intraperitoneal doses of Ginkgo biloba extract (100 mg/kg) for 10 days. Distortion product otoacoustic emission measurements were repeated on days 10 and 17 and signal-to-noise ratios were compared.Results:Compared with group one, group two had significantly better distortion product otoacoustic emission results at 3, 4, 6 and 8 kHz on days 10 and 17.Conclusion:These findings suggest that Ginkgo biloba extract protects the inner ear against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.

Effect of chronic exposure to cellular telephone electromagnetic fields on hearing in rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Kayabasoglu ◽  
O S Sezen ◽  
G Eraslan ◽  
E Aydin ◽  
T Coskuner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Cellular Telephone ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Cellular Telephones ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After

AbstractObjective:To study the effects of the electromagnetic field emitted by cellular telephones upon the inner ear of rats, using distortion product otoacoustic emissions.Methods:Forty Wistar Albino rats were used. Twenty newborn and 20 adult rats were divided into two groups of 10, one to participate in the study and one as a control. The rats were exposed to the electromagnetic field for 6 hours per day, for 30 consecutive days. Before and after the 30 day exposure period, distortion product otoacoustic emissions were measured in each group and a signal-to-noise ratio calculated, which was later used in statistical analysis.Results:For both the newborn and adult rat groups, there was no significant difference in distortion product otoacoustic emissions recorded before and after exposure to the cellular telephone electromagnetic field (p > 0.05).Conclusion:Exposure to the electromagnetic field emitted by cellular telephones, for 6 hours a day for 30 consecutive days, had no effect on the hearing of newborn or adult rats, at the outer ear, middle ear or cochlear level.

Effect of perinatal biotin deficiency on auditory pathway of the Wistar-Albino rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 139 (8) ◽  
pp. 677-684
Author(s):  
Nevreste Didem Sonbay Yılmaz ◽  
Özer Erdem Gür ◽  
Nuray Ensari ◽  
Erdogan Bulut ◽  
Ozlem Tugce Kaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Biotin Deficiency ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

scholarly journals Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions and Their Suppression as Predictors of Peripheral Auditory Damage in Migraine: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 5007
Author(s):  
Maria Albanese ◽  
Stefano Di Girolamo ◽  
Lorenzo Silvani ◽  
Eleonora Ciaschi ◽  
Barbara Chiaramonte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Auditory Pathway ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Subjective Perception ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Vestibular Tests ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Contralateral Suppression ◽  
Brainstem Response ◽  
Vestibular Symptoms

Although several cochleo-vestibular symptoms are commonly associated with migraine, only a limited number of studies have been done in this regard. Some reported abnormalities in audiometry, auditory brainstem response and vestibular tests, considering these manifestations mainly related to central etiology. However, increasing evidence also suggests a peripheral involvement of the inner ear in migraine. The aim of this study was to investigate the peripheral auditory pathway in migraineurs using otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), to detect alteration of cochlear functioning and possible relationship with disease severity. Sixty-two migraineurs and sixty matched controls were enrolled in the study and underwent a routine neuro-otolaryngology examination; self-administered questionnaires were used to evaluate subjective perception of hearing disability. DPOAE and their suppression were lower in migraineurs compared to controls and significantly related to the disease duration. Altered DPOAE exposed migraineurs to the risk of affecting by migraine without aura, of presenting with ocular and/or auditory symptoms during attack and of using more painkillers. Concomitant dopaminergic symptoms and/or allodynia such as the acute non-consumption of triptans were significant determinants of decreased contralateral suppression of DPOAE among migraineurs. This potential subclinical cochlear impairment in migraine detected by OAEs may represent the earliest sign of sensorineural damage in these patients, providing a promising tool for the initial diagnosis and an opportunity to monitor disease course and treatment response over time.

Pomegranate extract: a potential protector against aminoglycoside ototoxicity

2014 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Kahya ◽  
B Ozucer ◽  
R Dogan ◽  
A Meric ◽  
M Yuksel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Aminoglycoside Ototoxicity ◽  
Randomised Controlled

AbstractObjective:To investigate the effectiveness of pomegranate extract as protection against aminoglycoside ototoxicity.Design:Prospective, randomised, controlled, experimental study.Subjects:Eighteen Wistar albino rats were randomly allocated to 5 days of either: saline injections; gentamicin injections; or pomegranate extract (100 µl/day via gavage) plus gentamicin injections. Distortion product otoacoustic emissions were tested before treatment and on day 3. After treatment, reactive oxygen species levels were measured in each rat's right cochlea and right kidney via chemiluminescence.Results:Baseline emission amplitudes were similar. Post-treatment emissions differed significantly in the two treatment groups (p < 0.001). Cochlear reactive oxygen species levels were significantly higher in the gentamicin group (mean ± standard deviation, 316.6 ± 36.5 relative light units per mg) than the gentamicin plus pomegranate extract group (240 ± 24.6 relative light units per mg) (p = 0.004); control group levels were 119.1 ± 10.3 relative light units per mg. Renal reactive oxygen species levels were similar for the control and gentamicin plus pomegranate extract groups (p = 0.59) but much higher in the gentamicin group (p = 0.004).Conclusion:Concurrent systemic pomegranate extract administration reduced reactive oxygen species level increases and otoacoustic emission changes, following aminoglycoside injection.

Protective effects of vitamins E, B and C and l-carnitine in the prevention of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 464-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Alıcura Tokgöz ◽  
E Vuralkan ◽  
N D Sonbay ◽  
M Çalişkan ◽  
C Saka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Otoacoustic Emissions ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Distortion Product ◽  
Hearing Thresholds ◽  
Brainstem Response

AbstractObjective:This experimental study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamins E, B and C and l-carnitine in preventing cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.Methods:Twenty-five adult, male, Wistar albino rats were randomly allocated to receive intraperitoneal cisplatin either alone or preceded by vitamins B, E or C or l-carnitine. Auditory brainstem response (i.e. hearing thresholds and wave I–IV intervals) and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (i.e. signal-to-noise ratios) were recorded before and 72 hours after cisplatin administration.Results:The following statistically significant differences were seen: control group pre- vs post-treatment wave I–IV interval values (p < 0.05); control vs vitamin E and B groups' I–IV interval values (p < 0.05); control vs other groups' hearing thresholds; vitamin E vs vitamin B and C and l-carnitine groups' hearing thresholds (p < 0.05); and vitamin B vs vitamin C and l-carnitine groups' hearing thresholds (p < 0.05). Statistically significant decreases were seen when comparing the initial and final signal-to-noise ratios in the control, vitamin B and l-carnitine groups (2000 and 3000 Hz; p < 0.01), and the initial and final signal-to-noise ratios in the control group (at 4000 Hz; p < 0.01).Conclusion:Vitamins B, E and C and l-carnitine appear to reduce cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in rats. The use of such additional treatments to decrease cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in humans is still under discussion.

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