scholarly journals Digital reading and reading competence. The influence in the Z generation from the Dominican Republic

Comunicar ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (52) ◽  
pp. 105-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Amiama-Espaillat ◽  
Cristina Mayor-Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Reading Literacy ◽  
Digital Reading ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Literacy Proficiency ◽  
Proficiency Level ◽  
Reading Frequency ◽  
Latin American Countries

Most Latin American countries are focused upon improving learning quality by providing schools with technological resources, as if their sole presence was enough to develop 21st Century skills. Digital reading is not an end in itself; it is a tool that a user selects, depending on the desired purpose and uses it in specific contexts. Adolescents access Internet with at least four purposes: academic, recreational, socialization and communication. This study describes said purposes in adolescents from the Dominican Republic and relates them to their reading literacy proficiency level in two educational contexts: public and private schools. The sample group included 382 students in their fourth year of secondary school (10th grade). Two instruments were used: CoLeP, based on texts from PISA, and a Scale to measure reading frequency, which classifies the four reading purposes in two formats: printed and digital. The conclusion is that most students access and use the Internet for academic purposes, regardless of the educational sector. Nevertheless, reading literacy proficiency differs significantly with students from public schools being in lower levels. This minimizes the opportunities of the most vulnerable social sectors producing reading illiterates that have high economic costs for the nation. La mayoría de los países latinoamericanos están focalizados en elevar la calidad de los aprendizajes mediante la dotación de recursos tecnológicos a los centros educativos como si su mera presencia bastara para desarrollar las competencias fundamentales del siglo XXI. La lectura digital no es un fin en sí mismo, es un medio a disposición del usuario que la selecciona según sus propósitos y las utiliza en contextos socioculturales específicos. Los adolescentes acceden a Internet, al menos con cuatro fines: académicos, recreativos, para participar en la sociedad y comunicarse. Este estudio describe dichos fines en jóvenes de la República Dominicana y lo relaciona con el nivel de competencia lectora en dos contextos educativos, escuelas públicas y privadas. La muestra está compuesta por 382 estudiantes de cuarto de Secundaria. Se aplicaron dos instrumentos: CoLeP, basado en los textos liberados de PISA y una Escala de Práctica de Lectura, que clasifica los cuatros fines de lectura en dos formatos, impreso o digital. La conclusión es que casi todos los estudiantes acceden a Internet y lo utilizan para fines académicos sin importar el sector educativo, sin embargo, el nivel de competencia lectora difiere significativamente, ubicándose los estudiantes de las escuelas públicas en los niveles más bajos, lo que resta oportunidades a sectores socialmente más vulnerables y produce neoanalfabetos con altos costos económicos para la nación.

Public policies of connectivity in Latin America in the context of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-136
Author(s):  
Bernadette Califano ◽  
Martín Becerra
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Regional Level ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Status ◽  
Telecommunications Policies ◽  
Latin American Countries

This article analyses the digital policies introduced in different Latin American countries during the first three months after the outbreak of COVID-19 reached the region (March–June 2020). This analysis has a three-fold objective: (a) to give an overview of the status of connectivity in five big Latin American countries – Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia and Mexico; (b) to study comparatively the actions and regulations implemented on connectivity matters by the governments of each country to face the pandemic; and (c) to provide insights in relation with telecommunications policies in the context of pandemic emergence at a regional level. To that end, this study will consider legal regulations and specific public policies in this field, official documents from the public and private sectors, and statistics on ICT access and usage in the region.

scholarly journals Directores de escuelas públicas chilenas seleccionados por alta dirección removidos de su cargo antes de finalizar su período de gestión: Lecciones para América Latina

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Donoso - Diaz ◽  
Juan Pablo Fernandez -Negrete ◽  
Daniel Reyes Araya
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Public Education ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Selection System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Latin American Countries

This study exposes the opinions of a group of former directors of public schools in Chile who were selected by the system of high public management, and who had to leave their posts before the end of their appointment period. The responses evidence the fragility of the local organization of public education, in terms of the interference of the local political authority in the early dismissal of school leaders and identify the various pressures the leaders received from the higher authorities in the exercise of their position. The main problems they faced were the lack of support during the installation phases as well as a lack of monitoring and evaluation of their performance, which are widespread among Latin American countries, given the trends. This paper examines the selection process for High Public Management, the background on the subject, the answers of the interviewees, and an analysis of the interviews. It concludes with some proposals to improve the selection system. 

scholarly journals Financing Higher Education in Latin America

2014 ◽  
pp. 22-24
Author(s):  
Ana Garcia De Fanelli
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Debt Crisis ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Public Funds ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Funding Mechanisms ◽  
Financing Higher Education ◽  
First Time ◽  
Latin American Countries

Latin American countries have been enjoying a strong growth during the 2000s for the first time since the debt crisis of the 1980s.  This article focuses on some of the changes that took place during these boom years with regard to public and private funds earmarked for tertiary education, some consequences of this funding pattern in terms of equity, and the main innovations in funding mechanisms put in place to allocate public funds.

scholarly journals Culinary lexicon in the dialects of Spanish language

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-54
Author(s):  
Angelina Yur'evna Pshenichnikova
Keyword(s):  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Proper Names ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Separate Group ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Language Analysis ◽  
National Cuisine ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Latin American Countries

This article discusses the peculiarities of linguistic consciousness of the representatives of ethnoses of Latin American countries through the modern dialects of Spanish language. Analysis is conducted on the lexicon of the national cuisine of Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Peru, Ecuador, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. The article includes the analysis of linguistic zones of the Spanish language. The goal lies in examination of the lexicon of national cuisine of Latin American countries and, and creation of culinary dictionary of Spanish-speaking countries. The author aims to determine the national-specific gastronomic realities of Latin American countries through the prism of ethno-cultural space, and establish correlation between the uniqueness of gastronomic realities with the mentality and fragments of the linguistic worldview of Latin American countries. The conclusion is formulated on the impact of loanwords upon the national culinary lexicon of Latin American countries. The author draws a chart with the lexemes of national cuisines of Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Peru, Ecuador, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay. In accordance with the linguistic zones of Spanish language, the national culinary lexicon is divided into three groups of indigenisms; considering the influence of other languages on the formation of the vocabulary of the regional Spanish language, the national culinary lexicon is divided into the following loanwords (Africanisms, Arabisms, Gallicisms, Anglicisms, and Italianisms). Lexical units, which are widespread in the territory of two, three, or four national dialects of the Spanish language are referred to as regionalisms. Lexical units that are characteristic to one national dialect of the Spanish language are referred to as variantisms. The proper names are allocated into a separate group. The scientific novelty consists in examination of the poorly studied national culinary lexicon of such Latin American countries as Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Peru, Ecuador, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay.

scholarly journals As razões das diferenças de desempenho acadêmico na América Latina: dados qualitativos do Brasil, Chile e Cuba

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (206-07-08) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Carnoy ◽  
Amber Gove ◽  
Jeffery Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Process Indicators ◽  
Observation Instrument ◽  
America Latina ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Analysis Of Teaching

Apresenta os resultados de uma análise de práticas de ensino, utilizando dados do Brasil, do Chile e de Cuba. Esses dados incluem fitas de vídeo de 10 a 12 aulas de matemática para a 3ª série de cada país. Cada fita foi analisada mediante um instrumento de observação que enfoca a estrutura da turma, seu nível de engajamento e outros indicadores de processo. Adicionalmente, foi utilizado um sistema de mensuração do nível de conteúdo, visando entender o conceito da aula, o nível de demanda cognitiva e a interação entre a professora e a turma. Em conjunto, esses dois instrumentos são utilizados para aprofundar a análise das variações na pontuação obtida nos testes por Cuba e pelos demais países latino-americanos. Os resultados revelam diferenças significativas entre as aulas observadas nos três países, tanto em relação às práticas adotadas pelos professores no manejo das classes, quanto no que diz respeito à dificuldade relativa dos conteúdos abordados. As aulas cubanas e as aulas das escolas privadas conveniadas do Chile se destacaram positivamente em comparação com aquelas observadas nas escolas brasileiras e nas escolas públicas chilenas. Palavras-chave: práticas de ensino; educação matemática; ensino fundamental; educação comparada; Brasil, Chile, Cuba. Abstract The paper presents the results of an analysis of teaching practices, using data of Brazil, Chile and Cuba. Those data include videos from 10 to 12 mathematics classes for to 3rd grades of each country. Each video was analyzed by means of an observation instrument that focuses the structure of the group, the engagement level and other process indicators. In addition, a system of content level was used, seeking to understand the concept of the class, the level of cognitive demand and the interaction between the teacher and the group. Those two instruments are jointly used to deepen the analysis of the variations in the punctuation obtained in the tests by Cuba and by the other Latin-American countries. The results reveal significant differences among the classes observed within the three countries, so much in relation to the practices adopted by the teachers in the handling of the classes, as in what concerns the relative difficulty of the approached contents. The Cuban classes and the classes of private schools in Chile stood out positively in comparison with those observed at the Brazilian schools and at Chilean public schools. Keywords: teaching practices; mathematics teaching; basic education; comparative study: Brazil, Chile, Cuba.

scholarly journals Relationship of Innovative Self-Perception with Training, Hiring and Profits, of Micro-Entrepreneurs

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Alfonso Barrera
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
The Self ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Training Activities ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Selection Of

Entrepreneurship has become a fundamental theme in Latin America. In recent years, public and private institutions have invested in training entrepreneurs in order to contribute to economic growth, develop work and reduce poverty. In the presented research, it is compared the self-appraisal as innovators, of micro-entrepreneurs who have attended training during the last five years, with micro-entrepreneurs without training, and additionally, it is studied if the micro-entrepreneurs that self-perceive themselves as innovators are more prone to hiring workers and obtain higher profits. The methodology used is hypothesis testing with Chi2 statistic and descriptive statistics. The results exhibit that trained micro-entrepreneurs call themselves innovators in greater proportion and that this relationship is more relevant in some training topics, moreover, that innovative self-perception is linked to a greater intention of hiring and profits. The evidence obtained is considered relevant, since it allows orienting training activities in Latin American countries and improving the selection of topics and methodologies to promote their effectiveness.

Latin America seeks improved cybersecurity governance

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Private Institutions ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Military ◽  
Policy Communities ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
The Internet Of Things

Subject Cybersecurity outlook. Significance Latin American countries including Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, Chile, Mexico and Uruguay have set up novel policy communities involving various public and private institutions charged with securing cyberspace. Impacts Regional countries are largely unprepared to enforce a militarised deterrence response. Cyber tensions could flare due to old rivalries and the fact that the military is heavily steering cybersecurity. Cybersecurity shortcomings threaten development of the Internet of Things in the region.

Private healthcare will expand in Latin America

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Health Spending ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Private Healthcare ◽  
Latin American Countries ◽  
Universal Health

Subject The outlook for private healthcare. Significance During 2003-13, various Latin American countries introduced expansionary healthcare reforms. Aiming to secure universal health coverage, they increased spending and created new non-contributory programmes. This did not necessarily affect private provision, which in several countries benefited from growing purchasing power and new private-public interactions. Impacts Regional expansion of private healthcare is likely to accelerate in the coming decade. Ageing populations will require increased health spending in both the public and private spheres. Lower growth and commodities prices may increasingly put the onus on private health spending.

Contraceptive sterilization in four Latin American countries

1982 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
James McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Contraceptive Methods ◽  
The World ◽  
Latin American Countries

SummaryThe use of sterilization as a method of contraception is increasing rapidly throughout the world. This paper reports on sterilization rates for women in Colombia, Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic and Panama in relation to demographic characteristics. Comparisons are made with non-sterilized women using other efficient contraceptive methods.The sterilization rates range from 0·161 in Colombia to 0·552 in Panama; births averted are calculated as one-quarter in Colombia, one-half in Costa Rica and one in the Dominican Republic and Panama.

scholarly journals Síndrome adquirido por el trabajo académico en instituciones educativas latinoamericanas

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Santos Noé Herrera Mijangos ◽  
Dayana Luna Reyes ◽  
Jorge Gonzalo Escobar Torres
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Quantitative Methodology ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
External Context ◽  
Postgraduate Level ◽  
Educational Trend ◽  
Latin American Countries

The objective of this research was to describe the internal-external context of select educational institutions as well as the biological, psychological and social status of teachers and researchers. The work is based on qualitative and quantitative methodology. The population that has been considered covers Mexico and Colombia, although it also includes Chile and Argentina because research was done in those Latin American countries. The subjects of analysis were found in both public and private educational institutions, from basic to postgraduate level. Qualitatively, interviews and ethnographic work were carried out. Quantitatively, the scale of the “Academic Work Syndrome” (SINATA) was used, which aims to investigate the burdens of teaching. The results showed that due the internal-external context of their educational institutions, the academics spend a great part of their time satisfying the demands of the dominant educational trend, and that the internal political divisions and in-fighting generates the majority of SINATA that the teachers suffer. It should be noted that the results coincide with those reported in Chile and Argentina. Teacher suffering affects educational quality, a dependent and conditioned variable for the physical and mental health of the teacher.

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