Genetic Diversity of Wild and Cultivated Barley Genotypes Under Drought Stress Using RAPD Markers

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 745-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Nazari ◽  
H. Pakniyat
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Cultivated Barley ◽  
Barley Genotypes

scholarly journals Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Bmy1 Intron III Alleles Conferring the Genotypic Variation in β-amylase Activity under Drought Stress Between Tibetan Wild and Cultivated Barley

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojian Wu ◽  
Huan Wang ◽  
Fanrong Zeng ◽  
Junmei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Wild Barley ◽  
Amylase Activity ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Unique Amino Acid Substitution ◽  
Tibetan Wild Barley ◽  
Cultivated Barley ◽  
Barley Genotypes

Abstract β-amylase activity is related to the polymorphism of Bmy1 intron III; however, no attention has been given to such relationship under environmental stresses like drought. In this study, 73 cultivated barley genotypes and 52 Tibetan wild barley accessions were used to test the association between Bmy1 gene intron III polymorphisms and β-amylase activity under drought stress. Our results showed that three alleles, Bmy1.a, Bmy1.b and Bmy1.c, existed in the examined barley genotypes. Tibetan wild barley had higher proportion of Bmy1.b, whereas cultivated barley showed higher proportion of Bmy1.a. Impressively, barley genotypes with Bmy1.b showed significant increase in β-amylase activity under drought stress, compared with those with Bmy1.a or Bmy1.c, indicating that Bmy1.b allele might provide more chances for developing barley cultivars with higher β-amylase activity under water stress than both Bmy1.a and Bmy1.c alleles. Furthermore, the Tibetan wild barley XZ147, belonging to Bmy1.b allele type, showed significant higher β-amylase activity than the cultivar Triumph under drought stress. This might result from the unique amino acid substitution M527 or the amino acid composition of R115, D165, A233, S347 and M527 of XZ147.

Assessing temporal changes in genetic diversity of maize hybrids using RAPD markers

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 1563-1571 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bauer ◽  
S. Mladenovic Drinic ◽  
G. Drinić ◽  
D. Ignjatović Micić
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Maize Hybrids

Study of genetic diversity in wild raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) germplasm collection using morphological characters and RAPD markers

Biologija ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolanta Patamsytė ◽  
Donatas Žvingila ◽  
Juozas Labokas ◽  
Virgilijus Baliuckas ◽  
Laimutė Balčiūnienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Rubus Idaeus

Genetic Diversity of Basil (Ocimum spp. - Lamiaceae) Based on RAPD Markers and Volatile Oil Constituents

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 492f-493
Author(s):  
Roberto F. Vieira ◽  
James E. Simon ◽  
Peter Goldsbrough ◽  
Antonio Figueira
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
High Degree ◽  
First Time

Essential oils extracted from basil (Ocimum spp.) by steam distillation are used to flavor foods, oral products, in fragrances, and in traditional medicines. The genus Ocimum contains around 30 species native to the tropics and subtropics, with some species naturalized and/or cultivated in temperate areas. Interand intraspecific hybridization have created significant confusion in the botanical systematics of this genus. Taxonomy of basil (O. basilicum) is also complicated by the existence of numerous varieties, cultivars, and chemotypes within the species that do not differ significantly in morphology. In this study we are using RAPD markers and volatile oil composition to characterize the genetic diversity among the most economically important Ocimum species. We hypothesize that the genetic similarity revealed by molecular markers will more accurately reflect the morphological and chemical differences in Ocimum than essential oil composition per se. Preliminary research using five Ocimum species, four undetermined species, and eight varieties of O. basilicum (a total of 19 accessions) generated 107 polymorphic fragments amplified with 19 primers. RAPDs are able to discriminate between Ocimum species, but show a high degree of similarity between O. basilicum varieties. The genetic distance between nine species and among 55 accessions within the species O. americanum, O. basilicum, O. campechianum, O. × citriodorum, O. gratissimum, O. kilimandscharium, O. minimum, O. selloi, and O. tenuiflorum will be analyzed by matrix of similarity and compared to the volatile oil profile. This research will for the first time apply molecular markers to characterize the genetic diversity of Ocimum associate with volatile oil constituent.

The Impact of Drought Stress on some Morpho-Physiological Traits and RAPD Markers in Wheat Genotypes

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayoumi Y. ◽  
Amal Abd EL-Mageed ◽  
Enas Ibrahim ◽  
Soad Mahmoud ◽  
I. El-Demardash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Rapd Markers ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Molecular and Physiological Responses of Rice and Weedy Rice to Heat and Drought Stress

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Leonard Bonilha Piveta ◽  
Nilda Roma-Burgos ◽  
José Alberto Noldin ◽  
Vívian Ebeling Viana ◽  
Claudia de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Intercellular Co2 Concentration ◽  
Tiller Number ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
World Population ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Cultivars

Rice is the staple food for about half of the world population. Rice grain yield and quality are affected by climatic changes. Arguably, rice cultivars’ genetic diversity is diminished from decades of breeding using narrow germplasm, requiring introgressions from other Oryza species, weedy or wild. Weedy rice has high genetic diversity, which is an essential resource for rice crop improvement. Here, we analyzed the phenotypic, physiological, and molecular profiles of two rice cultivars (IRGA 424 and SCS119 Rubi) and five weedy rice (WR), from five different Brazilian regions, in response to heat and drought stress. Drought and heat stress affected the phenotype and photosynthetic parameters in different ways in rice and WR genotypes. A WR from Northern Brazil yielded better under heat stress than the non-stressed check. Drought stress upregulated HSF7A while heat stress upregulated HSF2a. HSP74.8, HSP80.2, and HSP24.1 were upregulated in both conditions. Based on all evaluated traits, we hypothesized that in drought conditions increasing HSFA7 expression is related to tiller number and that increase WUE (water use efficiency) and HSFA2a expression are associated with yield. In heat conditions, Gs (stomatal conductance) and E’s increases may be related to plant height; tiller number is inversely associated with HSPs expression, and chlorophyll content and Ci (intercellular CO2 concentration) may be related to yield. Based on morphology, physiology, and gene regulation in heat and drought stress, we can discriminate genotypes that perform well under these stress conditions and utilize such genotypes as a source of genetic diversity for rice breeding.

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of genetic diversity in wild and primitive cultivated barley in a center of diversity.

Genetics ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 119 (4) ◽  
pp. 981-990
Author(s):  
S Jana ◽  
L N Pietrzak
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Hordeum Spontaneum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Mediterranean Countries ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
Cultivated Barley ◽  
Multilocus Associations ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum K.) and indigenous primitive varieties of cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), collected from 43 locations in four eastern Mediterranean countries, Jordan, Syria, Turkey and Greece, were electrophoretically assayed for genetic diversity at 16 isozyme loci. Contrary to a common impression, cultivated barley populations were found to maintain a level of diversity similar to that in its wild progenitor species. Apportionment of overall diversity in the region showed that in cultivated barley within-populations diversity was of higher magnitude than the between-populations component. Neighboring populations of wild and cultivated barleys showed high degree of genetic identity. Groups of 3 or 4 isozyme loci were analyzed to detect associations among loci. Multilocus associations of varying order were detected for all three groups chosen for the analysis. Some of the association terms differed between the two species in the region. Although there was no clear evidence for decrease in diversity attributable to the domestication of barley in the region, there was an indication of different multilocus organizations in the two closely related species.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Selected Rice Genotypes under Water Stress Conditions

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Mahmoud M. Gaballah ◽  
Azza M. Metwally ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
Mohamed M. Hassan ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Drought is the most challenging abiotic stress for rice production in the world. Thus, developing new rice genotype tolerance to water scarcity is one of the best strategies to achieve and maximize high yield potential with water savings. The study aims to characterize 16 rice genotypes for grain and agronomic parameters under normal and drought stress conditions, and genetic differentiation, by determining specific DNA markers related to drought tolerance using Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers and grouping cultivars, establishing their genetic relationship for different traits. The experiment was conducted under irrigated (normal) and water stress conditions. Mean squares due to genotype × environment interactions were highly significant for major traits. For the number of panicles/plants, the genotypes Giza179, IET1444, Hybrid1, and Hybrid2 showed the maximum mean values. The required sterility percentage values were produced by genotypes IET1444, Giza178, Hybrid2, and Giza179, while, Sakha101, Giza179, Hybrid1, and Hybrid2 achieved the highest values of grain yield/plant. The genotypes Giza178, Giza179, Hybrid1, and Hybrid2, produced maximum values for water use efficiency. The effective number of alleles per locus ranged from 1.20 alleles to 3.0 alleles with an average of 1.28 alleles, and the He values for all SSR markers used varied from 0.94 to 1.00 with an average of 0.98. The polymorphic information content (PIC) values for the SSR were varied from 0.83 to 0.99, with an average of 0.95 along with a highly significant correlation between PIC values and the number of amplified alleles detected per locus. The highest similarity coefficient between Giza181 and Giza182 (Indica type) was observed and are susceptible to drought stress. High similarity percentage between the genotypes (japonica type; Sakha104 with Sakha102 and Sakha106 (0.45), Sakha101 with Sakha102 and Sakha106 (0.40), Sakha105 with Hybrid1 (0.40), Hybrid1 with Giza178 (0.40) and GZ1368-S-5-4 with Giza181 (0.40)) was also observed, which are also susceptible to drought stress. All genotypes are grouped into two major clusters in the dendrogram at 66% similarity based on Jaccard’s similarity index. The first cluster (A) was divided into two minor groups A1 and A2, in which A1 had two groups A1-1 and A1-2, containing drought-tolerant genotypes like IET1444, GZ1386-S-5-4 and Hybrid1. On the other hand, the A1-2 cluster divided into A1-2-1 containing Hybrid2 genotype and A1-2-2 containing Giza179 and Giza178 at coefficient 0.91, showing moderate tolerance to drought stress. The genotypes GZ1368-S-5-4, IET1444, Giza 178, and Giza179, could be included as appropriate materials for developing a drought-tolerant variety breeding program. Genetic diversity to grow new rice cultivars that combine drought tolerance with high grain yields is essential to maintaining food security.

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