Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Molecular Characterization of E. coli Obtained from Drinking Water in Ecuador

Mastitis is an infectious disease encountered in dairy animals worldwide that is currently a growing concern in Lebanon. This study aimed at investigating the etiology of the main mastitis-causing pathogens in Northern Lebanon, determining their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, and identifying their antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. A total of 101 quarter milk samples were collected from 77 cows and 11 goats presenting symptoms of mastitis on 45 dairy farms. Bacterial identification was carried out through matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by disc diffusion and broth microdilution methods. Molecular characterization included polymerase chain reaction (PCR) screening for genes encoding extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) and plasmid-mediated AmpC among Enterobacterales isolates, and virulence factors among Staphylococcus isolates. Escherichia coli isolates were subjected to phylogenetic typing by a quadruplex PCR method. The most frequently identified species were Streptococcus uberis (19.2%), Streptococcus agalactiae (15.1%), E. coli (12.3%), and Staphylococcus aureus (10.96%). Gram-positive bacteria were resistant to macrolides and tetracycline, whereas gram-negative bacteria displayed resistance to ampicillin and tetracycline. Two ESBL genes, blaTEM (83.3%) and blaOXA (16.7%), and one AmpC beta-lactamase gene, blaCMY-II (16.7%), were detected among six E. coli isolates, which mainly belonged to phylogenetic group B1. Among Staphylococcus spp., the mecA gene was present in three isolates. Furthermore, four isolates contained at least one toxin gene, and all S. aureus isolates carried the ica operon. These findings revealed the alarming risk of AMR in the Lebanese dairy chain and the importance of monitoring antimicrobial usage.

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Molecular characterization of Irish E. coli O157:H7 isolates of human, bovine, ovine and porcine origin

Journal of Applied Microbiology ◽

10.1111/j.1365-2672.2009.04320.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 107 (4) ◽

pp. 1340-1349 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

M. Lenahan ◽

S.B. O’Brien ◽

C. Byrne ◽

M. Ryan ◽

C.-A. Kennedy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

E Coli ◽

Porcine Origin

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1667. Change in characteristics of community-onset ciprofloxacin-resistant E. coli isolates causing community-acquired acute pyelonephritis in South Korea

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.1845 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S820-S820

Author(s):

Bongyoung Kim ◽

Ki Tae Kwon ◽

Seong-yeol Ryu ◽

Seong-Heon Wie ◽

Hyun-uk Jo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Resistance ◽

South Korea ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Acute Pyelonephritis ◽

Multilocus Sequence Typing ◽

Quinolone Resistance ◽

E Coli ◽

Extended Spectrum ◽

Community Onset

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to examine the change in characteristics of community-onset ciprofloxacin-resistant (CIP-R) E. coli isolates causing community-acquired acute pyelonephritis (CA-APN) in South Korea between 2010-2011 and 2017-2018. Methods E. coli samples isolated from the blood or urine were collected from patients with CA-APN aged 19 years and more who were admitted to 8 Korean hospitals from September 2017 to August 2018, prospectively. One isolate was collected from each patient. Phylogenetic typing, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and molecular characterization of β-lactamase resistance and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants were performed. The data were compared with those from the previous study with same design in 2010-2011. Results A total of 346 and 300 isolates were collected during 2017-2018 and 2010-2011, respectively. Among them, 76 (22.0%) and 77 (25.7%) were CIP-R isolates. Significantly higher antimicrobial resistance against ampicillin (75.7% vs. 100%, P < 0.001) and cefotaxime (23.9% vs. 77.9%, P < 0.001) were observed for isolates in 2017-2018 compared to those in 2010-2011. The proportion of phylogenic group B2 had increased significantly (44.7% vs. 79.2%, P < 0.001). As for MLST, the proportion of ST131 (27.6% vs. 66.2%, P < 0.001) had increased while that of ST393 (18.4% vs. 3.9%, P =0.004) had decreased significantly. Higher proportion of CIP-R E. coli isolates in 2017-2018 had extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)/plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamase (PABL) (23.7% vs. 79.2%, P < 0.001) and PMQR determinant (11.8% vs. 40.8%, P < 0.001) compared to those in 2010-2011. Phlogenetic tree Analyzed by SplitsTree Conclusion Among uropathogenic CIP-R E. coli isolates in South Korea, ST131 predominance had become more prominent and the proportion of containing ESBL/PABL and/or PMQR determinants had increased. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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Molecular Characterization of Human-Pathogenic Microsporidia and Cyclospora cayetanensis Isolated from Various Water Sources in Spain: a Year-Long Longitudinal Study

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.02737-12 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 79 (2) ◽

pp. 449-459 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Ana Luz Galván ◽

Angela Magnet ◽

Fernando Izquierdo ◽

Soledad Fenoy ◽

Cristina Rueda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drinking Water ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Drinking Water Treatment ◽

Enterocytozoon Bieneusi ◽

Content Type ◽

Cyclospora Cayetanensis ◽

Water Treatment Plants

ABSTRACTRecent studies suggest the involvement of water in the epidemiology ofCyclospora cayetanensisand some microsporidia. A total of 223 samples from four drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs), seven wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), and six locations of influence (LI) on four river basins from Madrid, Spain, were analyzed from spring 2008 to winter 2009. Microsporidia were detected in 49% of samples (109/223),Cyclosporaspp. were detected in 9% (20/223), and both parasites were found in 5.4% (12/223) of samples. Human-pathogenic microsporidia were detected, includingEnterocytozoon bieneusi(C, D, and D-like genotypes),Encephalitozoon intestinalis,Encephalitozoon cuniculi(genotypes I and III), andAnncaliia algerae.C. cayetanensiswas identified in 17 of 20 samples. To our knowledge, this is the first study that shows a year-long longitudinal study ofC. cayetanensisin drinking water treatment plants. Additionally, data about the presence and molecular characterization of the human-pathogenic microsporidia in drinking water, wastewater, and locations of influence during 1 year in Spain are shown. It is noteworthy that although the DWTPs and WWTPs studied meet European and national regulations on water sanitary quality, both parasites were found in water samples from these plants, supporting the idea that new and appropriate controls and regulations for drinking water, wastewater, and recreational waters should be proposed to avoid health risks from these pathogens.

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Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of E. coli O157:H7 Isolated from Water Bodies in Ile-Ife and Environs

Journal of Bacteriology & Parasitology ◽

10.4172/2155-9597.1000340 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 09 (04) ◽

Author(s):

Christina Dunah Fashina ◽

Gbolahan Ola Babalola ◽

Michael Omofowa Osunde

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

Water Bodies ◽

E Coli

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480. Molecular Characterization of Multidrug-Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens in Three Tertiary Care Hospitals in Egypt

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofz360.553 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. S235-S235

Author(s):

Amani Kholy ◽

Samia A Girgis ◽

Arwa R Elmanakhly ◽

Mervat A F Shetta ◽

Dalia El- Kholy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

Resistance Genes ◽

Genetic Basis ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Carbapenem Resistance ◽

Resistance Mechanisms ◽

Gram Negative ◽

E Coli ◽

Tertiary Care Hospitals

Abstract Background High rates of AMR among Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) have been reported from Egypt for almost 2 decades. Surveillance and identifying the genetic basis of AMR provide important information to optimize patient care. As there is no adequate data on the genetic basis of AMR in Egypt, we aimed to identify the molecular characterization of multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative pathogens (GNP). Methods Three major tertiary-care hospitals in Egypt participated in the “Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends” (SMART) from 2014 to 2016. Consecutive GNPs were identified and their susceptibility to antimicrobials were tested. Molecular identification of ESBL, AmpC, and carbapenemase resistance genes was conducted on MDR isolates. Results We enrolled 1,070 consecutive Gram-negative isolates; only one isolate per patient according to the standard protocol of (SMART). During 2014–2015, 578 GNP were studied. Enterobacteriaceae comprised 66% of the total isolates. K. pneumoniae and E. coli were the most common (29.8% and 29.4%). K. pneumoniae and E. coli were the predominant organisms in IAI (30.5% and 30.1%, respectively) and UTI (and 38.9% and 48.6%, respectively), while Acinetobacter baumannii was the most prevalent in RTI (40.2%). ESBL producers were phenotypically detected in 53% of K. pneumoniae, and 68% of E. coli. During 2016, 495 GNP were studied. ESBL continued to be high. For E. coli and K. pneunomiea, the most active antimicrobials were amikacin (≥93%), imipenem/meropenem (≥87%) and colistin (97%). Genetic study of ertapenem-resistant isolates and 50% of isolates with ESBL phenotype revealed ESβL production in more than 90% of isolates; blaCTXM-15 was detected in 71.4% and 68.5% in K. pneumoniae and E. coli, respectively, blaTEM-OSBL in 48.5% and47.5% of K. pneumoniae and E. coli, respectively. Carbapenem resistance genes were detected in 45.4% of isolates. In K. pneumoniae, OXA-48 dominated (40.6%), followed by NDM1 (23.7%) and OXA-232 (4.5%). Conclusion Our study detected alarming rates of resistance and identified many resistance mechanisms in clinical isolates from Egyptian hospitals. These high rates highlight the importance of continuous monitoring of the resistance trend and discovering the novel resistant mechanisms of resistance, and the underscores a national antimicrobial stewardship plan in Egypt. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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Molecular characterization of IFN-T expressed in buffalo embryonic trophoblasts and expression of recombinant BuIFN-T1a2 and BuIFN-T8 isoforms in E. coli

Protein Expression and Purification ◽

10.1016/j.pep.2016.02.005 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 122 ◽

pp. 8-14

Author(s):

Shrabani Saugandhika ◽

Vishal Sharma ◽

Hrudananda Malik ◽

Sushil Kumar Mohapatra ◽

Vijay P. Bondre ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Characterization ◽

E Coli

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Molecular Characterization of Genes Coding for Wild-Type and Sulfonylurea-Resistant Acetolactate Synthase in the Cyanobacterium Synechococcus PC C7942

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-1990-0541 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 45 (5) ◽

pp. 538-543 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

D. Friedberg ◽

J. Seijffers

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Amino Acid Sequence ◽

Molecular Characterization ◽

Amino Acid Level ◽

Acetolactate Synthase ◽

Mutant Gene ◽

Wild Type ◽

E Coli

We present here the isolation and molecular characterization of acetolactate synthase (ALS) genes from the cyanobacterium Synechococcus PCC7942 which specify a sulfonylurea-sensitive enzyme and from the sulfonylurea-resistant mutant SM3/20, which specify resistance to sulfonylurea herbicides. The ALS gene was cloned and mapped by complementation of an Escherichia coli ilv auxotroph that requires branched-chain amino acids for growth and lacks ALS activity. The cyanobacterial gene is efficiently expressed in this heterologous host. The ALS gene codes for 612 amino acids and shows high sequence homology (46%) at the amino acid level with ALS III of E. coli and with the tobacco ALS. The resistant phenotype is a consequence of proline to serine substitution in residue 115 of the deduced amino acid sequence. Functional expression of the mutant gene in wild-type Synechococcus and in E. coli confirmed that this amino-acid substitution is responsible for the resistance. Yet the deduced amino-acid sequence as compared with othjer ALS proteins supports the notion that the amino-acid context of the substitution is important for the resistance.

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