scholarly journals Substitution of aggregates by waste foundry sand: effects on physical properties of mortars

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (343) ◽  
pp. e251
Author(s):  
B.A. Feijoo ◽  
J.I. Tobón ◽  
O.J. Restrepo-Baena
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Capillary Absorption ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Physical Behavior ◽  
Thermally Activated ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand

The substitution of the normalized aggregate by residual foundry sand (WFS) was studied on the physical properties of mortars by means of resistance to compression and capillary absorption tests. The aggregate was replaced by WFS in its natural state (WFS), washed residual foundry sand (WFSW) and heat treated residual foundry sand (WFST). The WFS had a percentage of bentonite, which was sought to be thermally activated. It was found that the physical behavior of the mortars containing WFS and WFSW was similar to that of the control sample. The clay recovered from the sand washing was evaluated for its pozzolanic potential, it was found that, with the thermal treatment, the montmorillonite acquires pozzolanic behavior. Mortars with WFST presented a drop in compressive strength. The pozzolanic effect achieved in the clay was not reflected in the compressive strength of the mortars with WFST.

Design of Flowable Fill: Waste Foundry Sand as a Fine Aggregate

1996 ◽  
Vol 1546 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. T. Bhat ◽  
C. W. Lovell
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Penetration Resistance ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Sand Fly ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Flowable Fill ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand

Flowable fill is generally a mixture of sand, fly ash, a small amount of cement, and water. Sand is the major component of most flowable fill mixes; consequently, using a waste material as a substitute for natural sand results in the beneficial use of the waste material. Waste foundry sand (WFS) was used as a fine aggregate in this study. Three green sands from ferrous foundries and two Class F fly ashes were used. A natural river sand was used for comparison. The flow behavior, hardening characteristics, and ultimate strength behavior of flowable fill were investigated. The penetration resistance necessary to sustain walkability as the fresh flowable fill hardens was determined, and the time necessary to achieve this penetration resistance was defined as “walkable time.” The unconfined compressive strength at 28 days appeared to correlate well with the water-to-cement ratio. The 90-day compressive strength test results indicate that a maximum rise of 25 to 30 percent in long-term strength with respect to 28-day strength can be expected. The permeability of hardened flowable fill was found to be low (around 10−6cm/sec). The pH of pore solution of hardened flowable fill indicated that the potential for corrosivity is low. The toxicity tests indicated that some WFSs are environmentally safe. The concepts explained are not necessarily restricted to flowable fill containing WFS; they can be generalized as being applicable to all flowable fills.

scholarly journals Comparison of Conventional Concrete and Replacement of River Sand by Waste Foundry Sand and Cement by Nano-Silica

2020 ◽  
pp. 201-205
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Fine Aggregate ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
River Sand ◽  
Conventional Concrete ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the properties of concrete in which like cement is partially replacing by used nano silica and is partially replacing by used waste foundry sand. Because now a day the world wide consumption of sand as cement and as fine aggregate in concrete production is very high. Nano silica and waste foundry sand are major by product of casting industry and create land pollution. The cement will be replaced with nano silica and the river sand will be replaced with waste foundry sand (0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%). This experimental investigation was done and found out that with the increase in the nano silica and waste foundry sand ratio. Compression test has been done to find out the compressive strength of concrete at the age of 7, 14, 21, and 28. Test result indicates in increasing compressive strength of plain concrete by inclusion of nano silica as a partial replacement of cement and waste foundry sand as a partial replacement of fine aggregate.

scholarly journals Effect of Elevated Temperature on Compressive Strength and Physical Properties of Neem Seed Husk Ash Concrete

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1198
Author(s):  
Kizito Patrick Mwilongo ◽  
Revocatus Lazaro Machunda ◽  
Yusufu Abeid Chande Jande
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Seed Husk ◽  
High Temperature Rise ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Fire Outbreak ◽  
Better Than

High temperature rise mostly caused by a fire outbreak is currently becoming a threat that endangers concrete’s structural performance for buildings and the safety of occupants. The behavior of concrete after fire subjection has been of much interest for the structural materials design purposes. This study investigated the physical properties and the compressive strength of M25 concrete incorporating Neem Seed Husk Ash (NSHA), exposed to and through targeted different levels of temperature (200 °C to 800 °C) for a period of three hours in an electric furnace. The NSHA was produced by calcining neem seed husks at 800 °C for six hours and then sieved through the 125 μm sieve. Different amounts of NSHA were investigated while considering the plain concrete as the control sample. 150 concrete cubes of 150 mm sizes were cast and properly cured for 7 and 28 days. The experimental results show that the compressive strength of the 5% NSHA concrete exposed to temperatures up to 400 °C is 21.3% and 23.8% better than the normal concrete at 7 and 28 curing days, respectively. Surface cracks and spalling are noticeable at 600 °C and 800 °C for all samples considered in this study.

Surface electrical resistivity and compressive strength of concrete with the use of waste foundry sand as aggregate

2019 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 514-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo J.L. Coppio ◽  
Maryangela Geimba de Lima ◽  
Julia W. Lencioni ◽  
Luciana S. Cividanes ◽  
Paulo P.O.L. Dyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand ◽  
Compressive Strength Of Concrete

The Through-Dyed Autoclaved Silicate Concretes with the Use of Thermally Activated Iron Ore Raw Materials Refinement Tailings

2018 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 1101-1106
Author(s):  
Irina V. Starostina
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Iron Oxides ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Synthesis Rate ◽  
Thermally Activated ◽  
Calcium Silicate Hydrates ◽  
Heat Treated

The iron ore raw materials refinement waste is not virtually used after the wet magnetic separation and is accumulated in special hydraulic constructions – tailing dumps. This work considers the opportunity of using the heat-treated tailings as loading pigments for through-dyed autoclaved silicate concretes production. The heat-treated tailings were added to the raw mix instead of quartz sand. The concrete samples of light-pink shades of color were obtained. It has been demonstrated that the activation processes, taking place at heat treatment of tailings, as well as the influence of iron oxides acting as a mineralizer at high temperatures, create the increased imperfection of the quartz component’s structure. This increases the synthesis rate of new formations – the low-basic calcium silicate hydrates – and increases the strength properties of the samples with optimal compositions by 70-75% as compared to the control sample.

scholarly journals Waste Foundry Sand Usage for Building Material Production: A First Geopolymer Record in Material Reuse

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neslihan Doğan-Sağlamtimur
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Wall Material ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Building Wall ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand

In order to bring a solution to the problem of waste foundry sand (WFS) in the foundry sector and achieve its reuse, geopolymer building material (as a cementless technology) was produced from the WFS for the first time in the literature in this study. The physical and mechanical characteristics of this material were determined. In the first part of the experimental step, the sieve analysis, loose/tight unit weight, and loss of ignition of the WFS were obtained as well as the ultimate analysis. In the second step, the water absorption percentage, porosity, unit weight, and compressive strength tests were conducted on the WFS-based geopolymer specimens activated by chemical binders (sodium hydroxide: NaOH and sodium silicate: Na2SiO3). As the unit weights of all the produced samples were lower than 1.6 g/cm3, they may be considered as lightweight building materials. The minimum compressive strength value for building wall materials was accepted as 2.5 MPa by national standards. In this study, the maximum compressive strength value was measured as 12.3 MPa for the mixture incorporation of 30% Na2SiO3 at the curing temperature of 200°C in 28 days. It was concluded that this geopolymer material is suitable for using as a building wall material.

scholarly journals Physical Properties and Durability of Lime-Cement Mortars Prepared with Water Containing Micro-Nano Bubbles of Various Gases

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 1902
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Grzegorczyk-Frańczak ◽  
Danuta Barnat-Hunek ◽  
Wojciech Andrzejuk ◽  
Jacek Zaburko ◽  
Monika Zalewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Capillary Absorption ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Mixing Water

The paper presents the experimental studies on the effect of the water containing micro-nano bubbles of various gases on the physico-mechanical properties of lime-cement mortars. In total, 7 types of mortars were prepared: with water containing the micro-nano bubbles of O2, O3 or CO2 as 50% or 100% substitute of ordinary mixing water (tap water) and the reference mortar prepared using tap water. In order to determine the influence of water with micro-nano bubbles of gases, the consistency of fresh mortar and the physical properties of hardened mortar, i.e., specific and apparent density, total porosity, water absorption by weight and capillary absorption, were established. The mechanical strength of the considered mortars was studied as well by conducting the tests for flexural and compressive strengths following 14, 28 and 56 days. Reduced workability and capillary absorption were observed in the modified mortars within the range of 0.9–8.5%. The mortars indicated an increase in the flexural strength after 28 days ranging from 3.4% to 23.5% and improved compressive strength in 1.2–31%, in comparison to the reference mortar. The conducted studies indicated increased flexural and compressive strengths along with the share of micro-nano bubbles of gases in the mixing water.

scholarly journals Effect of Rice Husk Ash on the Hydraulic Conductivity and Unconfined Compressive Strength of Compacted Bentonite Enhanced Waste Foundry Sand

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
J. Ochepo
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Foundry Sand ◽  
Liner Material ◽  
British Standard ◽  
Compacted Bentonite ◽  
Waste Foundry Sand

A laboratory study of the hydraulic conductivity, (HC), and unconfined compressive strength, (UCS), of compacted bentonite enhanced waste foundry sand (BEWFS) treated with rice husk ash, (RHA) for possible use as liner material is presented. The bentonite enhanced waste foundry sand, BEWFS, was obtained by blending waste foundry sand (WFS) with 12% bentonite by weight of the WFS and mixing the resulting blend thoroughly to obtain a homogenous mix. RHA was added to the BEWFS in increment of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10% respectively of the dry weight of the BEWFS. The entire blended material was thoroughly mix together to obtain sample with different content of RHA. Index tests, compaction, UCS and HC tests were carried out on the blended materials to determine the effect of RHA on the behaviour of the BEWFS. HC as well as UCS of the materials were study using three compactive efforts of British standard light, (BSLC), West African standard, (WASC) and British standard heavy, (BSHC) compactive efforts respectively. The results obtained show that addition of RHA to BEWFS affected the index properties of the material marginally where the liquid limit increased to 35 from 32 %, plastic limit reduced from 12 to 11% and plasticity index increased from 20 to 25% respectively. The HC of the material was found to increase slightly from 6.28 x 10-08 to 3.90 x 10-08, 2.64 x 10-09 to 2.07 x 10-08 and 8.55 x 10-11 to 1.83 x 10-10 m/s with addition of up to 10 % RHA content and compacted at BSLC, WASC and BSHC respectively. Similarly, the UCS was found to increase to peak values of 177.22, 288.48 and 454.26 kN/m2 at same RHA content and compactive efforts. The implication of this result is that the addition of RHA up to 10% to BEWFS slightly increase the HC but does not compromise it while the strength gain in term of UCS can be said to compensate for the slight lost in HC. It is recommended that BEWFS treated with between 8 to 10% RHA content and compacted at BSHC compactive effort can be applied as liner in engineered waste containment system.

REX 49

Alloy Digest ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tool Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Steel Company ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Crucible Steel ◽  
Machining Operations

Abstract Rex 49 is a high-speed tool steel designed to give much longer life in machining difficult to cut metals such as highly-alloyed steels, stainless steels, superalloys, and titanium. Rex 49 heat treated to 67/69 Rockwell C makes it outstanding for difficult machining operations. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and compressive strength. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: TS-114. Producer or source: Crucible Steel Company of America.

scholarly journals Evalutional of the Effect of Physically Magnetized Water on some Properties of Dental Stone

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Magnetized Water ◽  
Linear Setting ◽  
Control Samples

The Aims of Study: to study the effect of interaction of dental stone with tap water and physically magnetized water on two periods of time 24h and 12h to study the change in the physical properties of final product. Materials and Methods: We started prepare no. of control samples and other of samples interacted with physically magnetized water for two periods of time 24h and 12h, then we studied the liner setting expansion and compressive strength. Results: Results obtained from comparing control sample with that treated with physically magnetized water showed an increase in the compressive strength of physically magnetized group and decrease of linear setting expansion in comparison with that of control sample. Conclusion: Reaction of dental stone with physically magnetized water lead to change in some physical properties of dental stone.

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