Short term morphological wave impact on the Zandmotor; a conceptual model

10.3990/2.190 ◽  
2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.Y. Man ◽  
S.J.M.H. Hulscher ◽  
P.C. Roos ◽  
J.P.M. Mulder ◽  
A. Luijendijk
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Wave Impact

Unique Features of the Networks

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Dolnicar
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Societal Challenges ◽  
The World ◽  
Accommodation Sector

Peer-to-peer accommodation networks have rocked the established accommodation sector, dramatically increasing the variety of accommodation options available to people around the world. They have also created a number of societal challenges never expected to result from a short-term accommodation trading platform. Something about peer-to-peer accommodation networks is very different from anything we have seen before, although they consist of building blocks which are not new at all. This chapter explores some of the unique features of Airbnb – the leading international peer-to-peer accommodation network – and proposes a conceptual model of elements contributing to Airbnb’s success.

Long-Term Area Statistics for Maximum Crest Height Under a Fixed Platform Deck

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Øistein Hagen ◽  
Jørn Birknes-Berg ◽  
Ida Håøy Grue ◽  
Gunnar Lian ◽  
Kjersti Bruserud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Irregular Waves ◽  
Scatter Diagram ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Wave Impact ◽  
Crest Height

As offshore reservoirs are depleted, the seabed may subside. Furthermore, the extreme crests estimates are now commonly higher than obtained previously due to improved understanding of statistics of non-linear irregular waves. Consequently, bottom fixed installations which have previously had sufficient clearance between the deck and the sea surface may be in a situation where wave impact with the deck must be considered at relevant probability levels. In the present paper, we investigate the long-term area statistics for maximum crest height under a fixed platform deck for 2nd order short crested and long crested sea based on numerical simulations as a function of platform deck dimension for jackets. The results are for one location in the northern North Sea, but some key results are also reported and verified for a more benign southern North Sea location. Time domain simulations for long crested and short crested waves over a spatial domain with dimension of a platform deck are performed, and relevant statistics for airgap assessment determined. Second order waves are simulated for the different cells in the (Hs, Tp) scatter diagram for Torsethaugen two-peak wave spectrum for long-crested and short-crested sea. A total of 1000 3-hour sea states are generated per cell, and time series generated for 160 spatial points under a platform deck. Short-term and long-term statistics are established for the maximum crest height as function of platform dimension; inline and transverse to the wave direction, and over the area. Results are given for the linear sea and for the second order time series. The annual q-probability estimates for the maximum crest height over area as a function of platform dimension is determined for a location at the Norwegian Continental Shelf by weighting the short-term statistics for the individual cells in the scatter diagram with the long-term probability of occurrence of the sea state. To reduce the number of numerical second order simulations, the effect of excluding cells that have a negligible effect on the long term extreme crest estimate is discussed. The percentiles in the distribution of maximum crest (over area) in design sea states that corresponds to the extreme values obtained from the long-term analysis are determined for long crested and short crested sea. The increase in the extreme crest over an area compared to the point in space estimate is estimated for both linear and second order surface elevation.

Gladys McCall Geopressured Reservoir Analysis—June 1987

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Riney
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Reservoir Simulation ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Reservoir Model ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Production History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lateral Extent ◽  
Reservoir Simulation Model

The Gladys McCall geopressured reservoir consists of an interbedded sequence of relatively thick sands and thin shales. The lateral extent of the reservoir is not well defined. Gladys McCall Well No. 1 produced approximately 4.0×106 m3 (25×106 barrels) of brine from Sand Zone No. 8 from October 7, 1983 through May 1987. Analysis of the flow data from the well has led to the development of a conceptual model of the reservoir, which depends on cross-flow from sands overlying/underlying Sand Zone No. 8 for the observed pressure maintenance. The fluid source is remote from the well in the sense that the fluid from the neighboring sands must flow a long distance to find a vertical pathway around the intervening shale stringers in order to recharge Sand Zone No. 8. A reservoir simulation model based on the conceptual model provides an excellent match to the detailed downhole pressure buildup measurements made during the original Reservoir Limits Test and two subsequent short-term buildup tests. The model has also been employed to match the production history of the Gladys McCall No. 1 well and to predict future reservoir response. Nevertheless, the reservoir model employed is not unique and alternate models for pressure maintenance are also being investigated.

scholarly journals Gårsdagens suksess – morgendagens begrensning? Strategisk relevant handlingsrom: En rikere forståelse av leders handlingsrom

2020 ◽  
pp. 111-134
Author(s):  
Jarle Bastesen ◽  
Birthe Kåfjord Lange
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Managerial Discretion ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Leadership Studies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Relevant Alternatives ◽  
Future Challenges

Managerial discretion is said to be a fundamental condition for effective leadership. Studies of managerial discretion have to a large degree focused on the magnitude of managers’ discretion and how different factors influence managers’ perceived level of discretion (Hambrick, 2007; Hambrick & Finkelstein, 1987; Hutzschenreuter & Kleindienst, 2013). In this chapter, we argue that it is insufficient to study the size of managers’ room for discretion. We also need to understand the content included in leaders’ discretionary rooms. In a study of ten successful logistics companies, one of which was studied more in-depth, we find that the managers perceive their room for managerial discretion as large. However, the alternatives considered are to a large extent operational and short-term, at the expense of more long-term, strategically relevant alternatives facing future challenges. Hence, we develop the concept “strategically relevant managerial discretion”, which, in addition to the alternatives that managers are aware of and that are acceptable for the mangers’ stakeholders, also includes a new dimension: to what extent the alternatives are strategically relevant for future challenges. We conclude the chapter by pointing out interesting directions for future research, including a call for empirical studies of the conceptual model developed in this chapter.

An Experimental Study of Wave Loads on Deck in Irregular Waves

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravikiran S. Kota ◽  
Torgeir Moan
Keyword(s):  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Irregular Waves ◽  
Wave Loads ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Wave Impact ◽  
Integrity Verification ◽  
Non Gaussian ◽  
Floating Platforms ◽  
The Waves ◽  
Impact Events

Global loads on deck-structures due to air-gap loss in irregular seas are discussed. Estimation of such loads is important in structural integrity verification of fixed and floating platforms. The current study presents results from wave-tank experiments in which global forces and wetted lengths arising from wave impact on a rigid deck-box from several pseudo-random realizations of long-crested waves of moderate steepness are recorded. Short-term statistics and distributions of these quantities are estimated and compared against estimates from semi-analytical results previously reported by the authors for von Karman-type impact events in Gaussian waves. The scope of work presented here does not address wave loads on decks in extreme seas where the waves are steep and predominantly non-Gaussian.

scholarly journals Can animal performance be predicted from short-term grazing processes?

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 319 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. F. Carvalho ◽  
C. Bremm ◽  
J. C. Mezzalira ◽  
L. Fonseca ◽  
J. K. da Trindade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Intake Rate ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Abiotic Conditions ◽  
Native Grasslands ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sward Structure

Despite all the biotic and abiotic factors affecting foraging by ruminants, there is a common and fundamental process, which is bite gathering. We hypothesised that because the mechanics of bite formation dominate the foraging process, changes in short-term bite mass are reflected in longer-term animal performance across a wide range of sward conditions. We focus at the meal level of foraging, using experiments in which the effect of abiotic factors and digestive constrains are minimised, making intake rate the main currency. We estimated bite mass across a wide range of structural challenges to large-herbivore foraging in a long-term experiment with heterogeneous native grasslands. A conceptual model was developed for average daily gain, where energy gain and energy costs were proximate causal variables. Energy gain was a function of diet quality and components of daily intake rate, where bite mass was the main component estimated. In turn, components of intake rate were determined by sward structure and bodyweight. Energy costs were a function of bodyweight and abiotic conditions. Finally, sward structure, bodyweight and abiotic conditions were determined by experimental treatments, seasons and years. Then, the conceptual model was translated into statistical models that included variables measured or estimated, and coefficients representing all links in the conceptual model. Weight gain was a function of bite mass, forage characteristics, and animal and abiotic conditions. Models were set up to test whether forage and stocking conditions affected monthly gain beyond the effects through bite mass, after correcting for abiotic factors. Forage mass, height and disappearance did help predict monthly gain after bite mass was included in the model, which supported our hypothesis. However, stocking treatments and season had significant effects not incorporated in bite mass. Although the model explained 77.9% of liveweight gain variation, only 35.2% was due to fixed effects, with 10.8% accounted by bite mass and its interactions. Concomitant experiments showed that sward structure (first with sward height and the second with tussock cover) does determine bite mass and short-term intake rate in the complex native grasslands we studied. Yet, other temporal varying components of monthly gain not correlated with bite mass, temperature or wind, added most of the observed variation in monthly animal performance. Part of the model failure to account for variation in performance may be related to a significant and temporally variable grazing of tussocks. We used a bite mass model that assumed no tussock grazing. In light of these results and a parallel experiment, we conclude that tussock grazing must be incorporated in future versions of the model.

Hands off my Brand! The Financial Consequences of Protecting Brands through Trademark Infringement Lawsuits

2018 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 45-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa Ertekin ◽  
Alina Sorescu ◽  
Mark B. Houston
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Brand Equity ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Trademark Infringement ◽  
Brand Protection ◽  
Financial Consequences ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

Well-known brands are frequently imitated, misused, or tampered with. Firms facing these threats routinely turn to the legal system and file trademark infringement lawsuits in an attempt to prevent revenue losses and brand equity dilution. In this article, the authors address the largely unexplored issue of brand protection. First, they categorize all major types of trademark infringement. Second, using signaling and prospect theories, they present a conceptual model that outlines the financial consequences of defending a brand in court. The authors test the predictions of this framework using a large sample of trademark infringement lawsuits and find that although investors react negatively in the short term to firms’ filing and even to firms’ winning such cases, the long-term performance of firms that successfully leverage the legal system to protect their brands is positive.

scholarly journals Antifracture Efficacy of Antiresorptive Agents Are Related to Changes in Bone Density

2000 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D. Wasnich ◽  
Paul D. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Risk ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Bone Strength ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Antiresorptive Agents ◽  
Antiresorptive Drugs

There is a current debate about the extent to which antifracture efficacy of antiresorptive drugs are related to changes in bone mineral density (BMD). In vitro studies show that most of the variability in bone strength is related to BMD, and prospective studies have shown that low BMD is an important predictor of fracture risk. It seems that higher levels of bone turnover are also associated with increased fracture risk. Over the short term, a reduction in activation frequency or resorption depth would lead to fewer (and/or shallower) resorption sites and refilling of existing sites initially. There is also evidence that inhibiting resorption allows bone to respond to mechanical demands, preferentially thickening critical trabeculae, and this may help compensate for reduced connectivity. Each of these mechanisms would increase BMD and would disproportionately improve bone strength. Over the long term, maintaining bone mass and preventing loss of structural elements would result in progressively greater differences in BMD and fracture risk over time, relative to untreated women. The conceptual model predicts that both the short- and long-term antifracture efficacy of antiresorptive drugs will depend on the extent to which treatment can increase and maintain BMD. To examine this issue, we compiled data from clinical trials of antiresorptive agents and plotted the relative risk of vertebral fractures against the average change in BMD for each trial. The confidence intervals are large for individual trials, and there was substantial variability in antifracture efficacy at any given level of change in BMD. Overall, however, trials that reported larger increases in BMD tended to observe greater reductions in vertebral fracture risk. Poisson regression was used to quantify this relationship. The model predicts that treatments that increase spine BMD by 8% would reduce risk by 54%; most of the total effect of treatment was explained by the 8% increase in BMD (41% risk reduction). These findings are consistent with the short-term predictions of the conceptual model and with reports from randomized trials. The small but significant reductions in risk that were not explained by measurable changes in BMD might be related to publication bias, measurement errors, or limitations of current BMD technology.

Short-Term Nursing Therapy: A Conceptual Model for Inpatient Psychiatric Care

1986 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 493-496
Author(s):  
Jean Nix ◽  
Kathryn Dillon
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Psychiatric Care ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Inpatient Psychiatric Care

Societal Costs of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Disorders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances L. Lynch ◽  
John F. Dickerson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health System ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
The Impact

Costs related to mental health and neurodevelopmental conditions (MHNCs) in childhood are experienced by multiple groups, including families, public and private service systems, and society as a whole. This chapter provides a conceptual model of MHNC-related costs, reviews estimates of short-term and long-term costs, and discusses the role of economic evaluation of services. Our conceptual model suggests that it is critical to consider costs from a broad point of view, but current literature on cost of MHNCs is uneven, with significant focus on short-term health system costs and very little emphasis on long-term costs or costs outside the health system, such as costs to families. There is a growing body of literature on MHNC costs, but more emphasis is needed in areas where there is little data to ensure that decision-makers have comprehensive data on the impact of MHNCs in order to manage scarce resources equitably and efficiently.

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