Taking Inspiration from Astronomy for Visual and Verbal Projects

2014 ◽  
pp. 135-169
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Elementary Particles ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Expansion Of The Universe ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Universe

The chapter comprises projects about some basic concepts related to astrophysics presented in a visual, verbal, or both ways, for example in the form of comics. The reader is encouraged to envision particular events, processes, and products, and then transform the concepts into another level of understanding. Projects involve visualizing or describing the relationship between frequency, wavelength, and energy, and the energy of light as the electromagnetic wave. Themes for projects include the solar system, Kepler’s explanation of the forces acting on the solar system’s motion and planetary movement, creating frames for animation about the expansion of the universe, a travel to the sun’s center to explore nuclear fusion, examination of light and electromagnetic spectrum, elementary particles and quantum mechanics, and visualizing and designing one’s own household and its objects and appliances.

scholarly journals PRIMORDIAL BLACK HOLE FORMATION FROM INFLATON

2000 ◽  
Vol 09 (06) ◽  
pp. 705-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIN HE MENG ◽  
BIN WANG ◽  
S. FENG
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Primordial Black Hole ◽  
Primordial Black Holes ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Hole Formation ◽  
Black Hole Formation ◽  
Expansion Of The Universe ◽  
Slow Rolling ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Universe

Measurements of the distances to SNe Ia have produced strong evidence that the expansion of the Universe is really accelarating, implying the existence of a nearly uniform component of dark energy with the simplest explanation as a cosmological constant. In this paper a small changing cosmological term is proposed, which is a function of a slow-rolling scalar field, by which the de Sitter primordial black holes' properties, for both charged and uncharged cases, are carefully examined and the relationship between the black hole formation and the energy transfer of the inflaton is eluciated. The criterion for primordial black hole formation is given.

Evolution of the Solar System and the Expansion of the Universe

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (15) ◽  
pp. 435-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Dicke ◽  
P. J. E. Peebles
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Expansion Of The Universe ◽  
The Universe

Physics: A Very Short Introduction

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney Perkowitz
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Elementary Particles ◽  
Applied Physics ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Digital Electronics ◽  
Natural Philosophers ◽  
The Universe

Physics, the fundamental science of matter and energy, encompasses all levels of nature from the sub-atomic to the cosmic, and underlies much of the technology around us. Physics: A Very Short Introduction provides an overview of how this pervasive science came to be and how it works. It presents the theories and outcomes of pure and applied physics from ideas of the Greek natural philosophers to modern quantum mechanics, cosmology, digital electronics, and energy production. Considering its most consequential experiments, including recent results in elementary particles, gravitational waves, and materials science, it also discusses the effects of physics on society, culture, and humanity’s vision of its place in the universe.

The principle of greatest freedom

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-437
Author(s):  
Sylvain Battisti
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Elementary Particles ◽  
Transfer Energy ◽  
Least Action ◽  
Principle Of Least Action ◽  
Wave Particle Duality ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Coherent Relationship

Elementary particles are the common capital of any being in the universe. However, a being is characterized by its behavior as well as its capital and the principle of least action shows the common behavior of partners that transfer energy. However, the concept of action does not apply to all transfers; what is the action when two men transfer words? Here we show that the “principle of greatest freedom” reveals the common behavior of any partner during nondestructive relationship that is to maximize the number of its accessible states, i.e., its freedom. It gives a common interpretation to quantum mechanics, to wave-particle duality and to relativity. It defines the coherent relationship, which explains why objects behave consistently according to laws and why they construct compound beings that evolve.

scholarly journals Can We Quarantine the Quantum Blight?

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-77
Author(s):  
Craig Callender
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Science Fiction ◽  
Scientific Realism ◽  
Coarse Graining ◽  
Human Interference ◽  
Practical Strategy ◽  
The Universe

In the science fiction novel Quarantine, Greg Egan imagines a universe where interactions with human observers collapse quantum wavefunctions. Aliens, unable to collapse wavefunctions, tire of being slaughtered by these collapses. In response they erect an impenetrable shield around the solar system, protecting the rest of the universe from human interference and locking humanity into a starless Bubble. When confronting scientific realism and the quantum, many philosophers try to do the theoretical counterpart of this fictional practical strategy. Quantum mechanics is beset with many hard-to-resolve interpretational challenges. Philosophers—appealing to decoherence and coarse-graining—try to put these in a Bubble and hope that they can go about their philosophizing as before. Chapter 4 aims to burst this Bubble, and then explores ways of eliminating quantum underdetermination, showing that such attempts lead to philosophical gridlock.

scholarly journals Modeling that predicts elementary particles and explains data about dark matter, early galaxies, and the cosmos

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Buckholtz
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Harmonic Oscillator ◽  
Galaxy Formation ◽  
Elementary Particles ◽  
Ordinary Matter ◽  
Expansion Of The Universe ◽  
Early Galaxies ◽  
The Masses ◽  
The Universe ◽  
New Particles

We try to solve three decades-old physics challenges. List all elementary particles. Describe dark matter. Describe mechanisms that govern the rate of expansion of the universe. We propose new modeling. The modeling uses extensions to harmonic oscillator mathematics. The modeling points to all known elementary particles. The modeling suggests new particles. Based on those results, we do the following. We explain observed ratios of dark matter amounts to ordinary matter amounts. We suggest details about galaxy formation. We suggest details about inflation. We suggest aspects regarding changes in the rate of expansion of the universe. We interrelate the masses of some elementary particles. We interrelate the strengths of electromagnetism and gravity. Our work seems to offer new insight regarding applications of harmonic oscillator mathematics. Our work seems to offer new insight regarding three branches of physics. The branches are elementary particles, astrophysics, and cosmology.

scholarly journals Can the Solar System be Quantized?

1974 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 25-35
Author(s):  
J. M. Barnothy
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Fundamental Constant ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Angular Momenta ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Planets And Satellites ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Special Case

It is suggested that the general form of the constant of quantization, K in Schrödinger's equation, is not h/2π, but K=2sα-k, with s being the spin of the orbiting object, α the fine structure constant (1/137.0361), and k a small positive integer, or zero. For atoms k = 0; for planets and satellites k = 2, 3 or 4; for the solar system as a whole, revolving around the center of the Galaxy, k = 6. The probability that 16 objects of the solar system would follow this quantum rule by chance alone is 1 in 1016, suggestive that quantum mechanics, as we know it today, can be seen as a special case of a more general quantum mechanics of the future; it also supports the view expressed by Dirac, that h is probably not a fundamental constant.Section 1 contains the basic idea which induced me to undertake an investigation of a relationship between rotational and orbital angular momenta of planets; Sections 2–7 contain the experimental data, the application of the new quantum rule and the statistical evaluation whether the relationship proposed in Section 1, could have occurred by chance alone. The results obtained in Sections 2–7 are noteworthy in themselves, independently whether the basic idea is accepted or not.

scholarly journals Can Gravitational Waves Halt the Expansion of the Universe?

Universe ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 228
Author(s):  
Jörg Frauendiener ◽  
Jonathan Hakata ◽  
Chris Stevens
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Initial Boundary ◽  
Initial Boundary Value Problem ◽  
Einstein Equations ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Single Wave ◽  
Expansion Of The Universe ◽  
Initial Boundary Value ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Universe

We numerically investigate the propagation of plane gravitational waves in the form of an initial boundary value problem with de Sitter initial data. The full non-linear Einstein equations with positive cosmological constant λ are written in the Friedrich–Nagy gauge which yields a wellposed system. The propagation of a single wave and the collision of two with colinear polarization are studied and contrasted with their Minkowskian analogues. Unlike with λ=0, critical behaviours are found with λ>0 and are based on the relationship between the wave profile and λ. We find that choosing boundary data close to one of these bifurcations results in a “false” steady state which violates the constraints. Simulations containing (approximate) impulsive wave profiles are run and general features are discussed. Analytic results of Tsamis and Woodard, which describe how gravitational waves could affect an expansion rate at an initial instance of time, are explored and generalized to the entire space–time. Finally we put forward boundary conditions that, at least locally, slow down the expansion considerably for a time.

scholarly journals How Fast Is the Distance between Earth and the Sun Changing in the Solar System?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Henry ◽  
Mesut Yurukcu ◽  
George Nnanna
Keyword(s):  
Solar System ◽  
Big Bang ◽  
Clusters Of Galaxies ◽  
Expanding Universe ◽  
Milky Way Galaxy ◽  
Big Bang Theory ◽  
Expansion Of The Universe ◽  
The Big Bang ◽  
The Universe ◽  
A Current

This paper aims to investigate the rate of expansion and extraction within the solar system. We carried out the Solar system expansion calculations to do such a review. The Universe is expected to look the same from every point in it. After the big bang, Universe is expanding at some speed. Astrophysicists have been in a race to measure precisely how fast the Universe is expanding since Hubble announced that galaxies were systematically moving away from Milky Way Galaxy with a current speed in 1929. Hubble’s observations came after Einstein’s general relativity, which inspired the big bang theory. According to the Big Bang theory, the Universe has created billions of years ago with an explosion and started to expand until today. The expansion of the Universe mostly happens in vast spaces, so clusters of galaxies move away from each other. For example, raising bread during baking will expand, but the raisings will stay the same size while moving each other to expand the bread. Observers have proven that an object (galaxies, a cluster of planets) held together by gravity has a patch of nonexpanding space produced by a gravitational field. However, some observers claimed the solar system is not expanding, while others claimed it is expanding. Does our solar system expand in an expanding Universe? The cosmological expansion of local systems is reviewed in the modern cosmological models. We showed answers related to this question with the help of literature. This review article revisited the proof of the Solar System’s expansion and its speed with about 0.32 nm/s in an expanding Universe.

PROBING SPACE–TIME IN THE SOLAR SYSTEM: FROM CASSINI TO BEPICOLOMBO

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (12a) ◽  
pp. 2117-2126 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCIANO IESS ◽  
SAMI ASMAR
Keyword(s):  
String Theory ◽  
Solar System ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Attitude Motion ◽  
Radio Science ◽  
Gravitational Theories ◽  
Cosmological Observations ◽  
Radio Signals ◽  
Expansion Of The Universe ◽  
The Universe

Spacecraft radio science techniques can be used for precision solar system tests of relativistic gravity, as was demonstrated by the measurement of the Doppler shift of radio signals with the Cassini mission. Similar experiments are planned for the BepiColombo mission to Mercury. Recent theoretical developments based on string theory and inflationary cosmologies link the validity of general relativity to the expansion of the Universe and indicate that violations may be within the reach of future, precise experiments. In spite of the uncertainty of the theoretical scenarios, the motivations for further tests of gravitational theories are stronger then ever: string theory, new cosmological observations, the hypotheses of dark matter and dark energy, all point to the need for a new and more profound understanding of the Universe and its laws, including the laws of gravity. This paper describes experiments for probing space–time in the solar system with the Cassini and BepiColombo missions, and discusses the experimental limitations of microwave systems used for these tests, including attitude motion and nongravitational accelerations of the spacecraft, propagation noise, and mechanical noise of ground antenna.

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