Socio-Economic Impact Assessment and Business Models for Integrated eCare

2014 ◽  
pp. 136-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinhard Hammerschmidt ◽  
Ingo Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Probabilistic Methods ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Service Development ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Rigorous Results ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Socio Economic Impact

Putting into place ICT-supported, integrated health and social care services means that a multitude of stakeholders are affected by changes to their working process and often to their economic performance. In this chapter, the authors describe their approach to assessing integrated eCare services to enable care integrators in making strategic decisions during development and early operation. The approach is founded on cost-benefit analysis. It stands out from other assessment frameworks in that it 1) allows identifying and addressing stakeholders that lose through the service and thus may become strong veto players, 2) allows monitoring of the actual and prospective service development over time, 3) includes non-financial factors that in many cases have a major impact on the behaviour of a stakeholder, and 4) provides probabilistic methods for achieving rigorous results from data of varying quality. Following an exemplary integration case developed from one of their pilot projects, the steps of the assessment process are described, including an exemplary interpretation of the analytic results and their application in practice. The chapter concludes with an outlook on future work.

Influenza control in Australian prison settings: Cost ‐ benefit analysis of major strategies

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niyi Awofeso ◽  
William D. Rawlinson
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Services ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Average Frequency ◽  
Mass Vaccination ◽  
Influenza Outbreak ◽  
Care Services ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Antiviral Chemotherapy ◽  
Influenza Outbreaks

Repeated influenza outbreaks are surprisingly rare in prison settings worldwide, a factor that has made it superfluous, to date, to develop contingency plans for responding to prison‐based influenza epidemics. However, the influenza outbreak that occurred in an Australian prison in 2000 has highlighted the appropriateness of developing an outbreak plan, not least because of the security implications of a widespread prison influenza epidemic. Using reported attack rates and morbidity profiles of the 2000 Australian prison influenza outbreak to develop scenarios, the authors estimated the cost ‐ benefit of mass vaccination and antiviral chemotherapy approaches for the control of hypothetical widespread influenza outbreaks in New South Wales prisons, occurring at an average frequency of once every 10 years. It was concluded that, from the perspectives of maintaining prison security as well as health care services’ provision to prisoners, early antiviral chemotherapy for symptomatic individuals will have more favourable cost ‐ benefit ratios than a mass vaccination approach for controlling prison‐based influenza outbreaks that occur in line with this model.

scholarly journals Photosynthesis research: a model to bridge fundamental science, translational products, and socio-economic considerations in agriculture

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 2281-2298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Kohli ◽  
Berta Miro ◽  
Jean Balié ◽  
Jacqueline d’A Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Economic Impact ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Transformative Power ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Product Acceptability ◽  
Socio Economic Impact

Abstract Despite impressive success in molecular physiological understanding of photosynthesis, and preliminary evidence on its potential for quantum shifts in agricultural productivity, the question remains of whether increased photosynthesis, without parallel fine-tuning of the associated processes, is enough. There is a distinct lack of formal socio-economic impact studies that address the critical questions of product profiling, cost–benefit analysis, environmental trade-offs, and technological and market forces in product acceptability. When a relatively well understood process gains enough traction for translational value, its broader scientific and technical gap assessment, in conjunction with its socio-economic impact assessment for success, should be a prerequisite. The successes in the upstream basic understanding of photosynthesis should be integrated with a gap analysis for downstream translational applications to impact the farmers’ and customers’ lifestyles and livelihoods. The purpose of this review is to assess how the laboratory, the field, and the societal demands from photosynthesis could generate a transformative product. Two crucial recommendations from the analysis of the state of knowledge and potential ways forward are (i) the formulation of integrative mega-projects, which span the multistakeholder spectrum, to ensure rapid success in harnessing the transformative power of photosynthesis; and (ii) stipulating spatiotemporal, labour, and economic criteria to stage-gate deliverables.

scholarly journals Characterizing cassava farmer typologies and their seed sourcing practices to explore opportunities for economically sustainable seed business models in Rwanda

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fleur Kilwinger ◽  
Samuel Mugambi ◽  
Rhys Manners ◽  
Marc Schut ◽  
Silver Tumwegamire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Value Propositions ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Seed Sourcing

The overdependency on local cassava varieties and informal seed sources by farmers in Rwanda has contributed to the spread of cassava viral diseases. The use of improved planting materials made available through formal seed sources, that assure seed quality, is one way to prevent future disease outbreaks. In order to increase the availability of, and farmers access to, such materials there is increasing interest to develop seed business models. This study aims to understand seed sourcing practices of different farm typologies to inform the development of tailored seed business models. A total of 390 farmers were interviewed and the collected data was analyzed into clusters, resulting in seven farm typologies. Seed sourcing strategies, seed replacement dynamics and purchasing behavior of these typologies were explored via a seed tracing study. We find that more commercial oriented farmers have better access to formal seed sources. Nevertheless, the majority of farmers in all typologies accessed new varieties and quality cassava seed via informal channels. At both formal and informal sources, cash investments in seed were mainly made by the categories of better-off farmers, and were one-time investments to acquire a new variety. Based on farmers current seed sourcing practices, clarifications on the differences between farmers and their willingness-to-pay, the roles of seed degeneration, cost-benefit analysis, value propositions and profit formulas seem important requirements for the further development of viable cassava seed business models. We conclude that tailoring seed business models can have a high potential as it acknowledges differences among farmers, but that careful coordination is needed to ensure that one approach or intervention does not contrast with and/or undermine the others.

scholarly journals Legal Technologies in Action: The Future of the Legal Market in Light of Disruptive Innovations

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Hongdao ◽  
Sughra Bibi ◽  
Asif Khan ◽  
Lorenzo Ardito ◽  
Muhammad Khaskheli
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Legal Services ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Disruptive Technologies ◽  
Legal Market

Legal technologies (digital solutions to providing legal services) have turned into the essential element of competition among legal-market stakeholders. This study highlights the competitive superiority of legal services based on the concept of innovative disruptive technologies in comparison to traditional firms. For this purpose, the present study identified several trends in the evolution of the legal tech market (i.e., changing landscapes of legal business, delivery models, legal-market segments, and disruptive technologies); moreover, qualitative content analysis has been conducted to provide sound grounds for cost-benefit analysis. Furthermore, cost-benefit analysis makes a comparison of the monetary, social and psychological costs, benefits of legal technologies and traditional firms from clients’ and lawyers’ viewpoints. This has been, in fact, neglected by extant research. Based on these analyses, a new model for legal business has developed to highlight how potential advancements can take place in legal practices. Our findings reveal that legal technologies make legal services more affordable and easily accessible, while helping lawyers to develop innovative solutions and a relaxed working environment. In addition, this study contributes to the literature on service innovation with a focus on how new services and business models have been developed in the legal market as a result of digital technologies. Eventually, this study adds theoretical and practical implications to the research discussing the advent of legal technologies.

Post-records survey inspections in Zimbabwe

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-127
Author(s):  
Samson Mutsagondo
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Records Management ◽  
Benefit Analysis ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
National Archives ◽  
Midlands Province

Purpose This paper aims to establish public departments’ compliance with National Archives of Zimbabwe (NAZ)’s records survey recommendations as well as to find out reasons for compliance and non-compliance. Design/methodology/approach This quantitative research used a survey research design and collected data using questionnaires, which were triangulated by document reviews and personal observation. A census approach was used where all 15 public departments upon which post-records survey inspections were conducted by Gweru Records Centre in the Midlands Province in 2016 were involved in the study. Findings The study revealed that many public departments in Zimbabwe disregarded records survey recommendations given by NAZ after records surveys. This was despite the fact that NAZ was armed with the National Archives of Zimbabwe Act (1986) which in principle is supposed to induce compliance by client departments. As a result, the records management situation in public departments has not improved much, and in some cases, it has become worse. Originality/value A lot has been published about records surveys in Zimbabwe, for example, by Chaterera (2008, 2013), Dewah (2010), Karimanzira and Mutsagondo (2015), Maboreke (2007) and Mutsagondo (2012). These studies have shown the importance of records surveys. However, none of them has evaluated the effectiveness of records surveys by examining the degree of compliance to records survey recommendations by public departments. This study thus scores a first in this regard. The study will enable NAZ to make a cost-benefit analysis of records surveys as well as to use results of this study to effect necessary operational, tactical and strategic decisions as regards the exercise.

scholarly journals Rethinking the Socio-economic Value of Big Science: Lessons from the FCC Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
Johannes Gutleber
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Big Science ◽  
Scientific Mission ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Socio Economic Impact ◽  
Market Needs ◽  
New Research

Abstract Investing in fundamental research is often considered a risky venture. The costs of designing, developing and building new research instruments, the long timelines for the construction and operation of these infrastructures and the sophistication of the enabling technologies—often calling for further R&D investments to meet the market needs—are among the factors that enter into the debate around the investment in fundamental research. In this brief essay we discuss certain results from previous Cost-Benefit Analysis studies for the LHC and the High-Luminosity (HL-LHC)  upgrade and lessons concerning the socio-economic impact that these facilities have beyond the core scientific mission. We conclude with some key considerations that can inform the design of a new research infrastructure for the post-LHC era like the proposed Future Circular Collider and point to certain directions for future interdisciplinary research to better understand ways for impact assessment.

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