The Effect of the Marketing Strategy in Performance of the Pharmaceutical Sector

2017 ◽  
pp. 278-289
Author(s):  
Irene Samanta
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Pharmaceutical Sector ◽  
Pharmaceutical Firms ◽  
Organizational Benefits ◽  
Multivariable Regression Model ◽  
Multivariable Regression ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this research is to examine the impact of Marketing Strategy possesses in pharmaceutical sector in Greece and define the competitive and organizational benefits accumulate from the procedure. A quantitative survey was conducted with a sample of pharmaceutical firms. The method used is Factor analysis and a Multivariable Regression Model in order to forecast the total performance of the organization. The importance of the Marketing Strategy in the current economic conditions provides a practical indication of marketing decision making and if managed carefully and closely monitored it can offer a number of direct competitive benefits to the industries.

scholarly journals Fatty Liver is Associated with Low N-terminal pro-B-type Natriuretic Peptide in a Healthy Population: From the Kangbuk Samsung Health Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo-In Choi ◽  
Mi Yeon Lee ◽  
Byeong Kil Oh ◽  
Seung Jae Lee ◽  
Jeong Gyu Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Multivariable Regression Model ◽  
Multivariable Regression ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BackgroundFatty liver (FL), insulin resistance (IR), and obesity often coexist, but data on the independent impacts of these factors on N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels in healthy populations are scarce. We therefore examined the impact of FL, IR and obesity on NT-proBNP levels using a large set of cross-sectional data.MethodsThe associations of FL, IR and obesity with NT-proBNP were analyzed in 39,923 healthy adult participants using Kangbuk Samsung Health Study data. IR was estimated using homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. A multivariable regression model that adjusted for factors that influence NT-proBNP was conducted to identify associations between NT-proBNP and FL on abdominal ultrasound. ResultsA total of 11,704 (29.3%) individuals had FL on abdominal ultrasound. FL, IR and obesity showed independent inverse associations with NT-proBNP after multiple adjustments for baseline characteristics. In a multivariable regression model adjusting for IR and obesity, FL was independently associated with lower levels of NT-proBNP (odds ratio 0.864, 0.849 - 0.880). The combination of FL and IR was a powerful dual predictor, lowering NT-proBNP levels approximately 25% in the generally healthy study population.ConclusionIn this large sample of healthy individuals, FL was independently associated with lower NT-proBNP levels. FL and a high HOMA-IR index are a powerful predictor combination for lower NT-proBNP levels. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanism underlying the association between FL and NT-proBNP.

scholarly journals Fatty Liver Is Associated with Low N-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide in a Healthy Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1402
Author(s):  
Hyo-In Choi ◽  
Mi Yeon Lee ◽  
Byeong Kil Oh ◽  
Seung Jae Lee ◽  
Jeong Gyu Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Large Set ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Multivariable Regression Model ◽  
Multivariable Regression ◽  
The Impact

Fatty liver (FL), insulin resistance (IR) and obesity often coexist, but data on the independent impacts of these factors on N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels are scarce. We examined the impact of FL, IR and obesity on NT-proBNP levels using a large set of cross-sectional data. The associations of FL, IR and obesity with NT-proBNP were analyzed in 39,923 healthy adult participants. IR was estimated using a homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index. A multivariable regression model was conducted to identify associations between NT-proBNP and FL on abdominal ultrasound. FL, IR and obesity showed independent inverse associations with NT-proBNP after multiple adjustments for baseline characteristics. In a multivariable regression model adjusting for IR and obesity, FL was independently associated with lower levels of NT-proBNP (estimates, Exp(β) 0.864, 0.849–0.880). The combination of FL and IR was a powerful dual indicator, lowering NT-proBNP levels approximately 25% in the generally healthy study population. In conclusion, FL was independently associated with lower NT-proBNP levels. FL and a high HOMA-IR index are a powerful indicator combination for lower NT-proBNP levels. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanism underlying the association between FL and NT-proBNP.

scholarly journals The Impact of Dynamic Capabilities on Sustainable Competitive Advantage in the Pharmaceutical Sector in Egypt

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Albert Naiem Naguib ◽  
Eahab Elsaid ◽  
Abdel Moneim Elsaid
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantage ◽  
Firm Characteristics ◽  
Pharmaceutical Sector ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Pharmaceutical Firms ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the relationship between dynamic capabilities (experience, routine, skills, firm characteristics, knowledge and technology) and competitive advantage sustainability in the Egyptian pharmaceutical sector. The data was collected using primary and secondary data sources. Primary data was collected from questionnaires distributed to 160 top managers in 20 pharmaceutical firms. The secondary data about pharmaceutical firms like rankings, revenues and market share was collected from external sources such as Intercontinental Marketing Service (IMS). The questionnaires examine six independent variables based on a five-scale Likert scale. The methodology used in the study is non-probability sampling (judgmental sampling), Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient and Chi-square tests. The results support the notion that there is a significant relationship between four of the six dynamic capabilities (experience, skills, firm characteristics and knowledge) and the competitive advantage sustainability for pharmaceutical firms in Egypt. Designing the questionnaire and formulating the questions to target the required field was challenging, given that the topic is dynamic and the business scene in Egypt has witnessed drastic political changes since January 2011. The study should assist pharmaceutical companies in Egypt in directing their investments properly and in determining the weaknesses in their dynamic capabilities that need to be addressed.

An Empirical Note on Comparative Perceptions of Indian Patients and Physicians in Direct-to-Consumer Promotion of Pharmaceutical Products

2019 ◽  
pp. 128-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaya Rani Pandey ◽  
Ajeya Jha ◽  
Samrat Kumar Mukherjee ◽  
Saibal Kumar Saha
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Latent Factors ◽  
Direct To Consumer ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Empirical Note ◽  
Physician Relationship ◽  
The Impact

Direct promotion of pharmaceutical products to patients is not legal in India. Internet healthcare websites, however, have rendered this law moot. Patients today increasingly flock to websites to find health-related information. With the help of a survey involving 400 patients and 200 physicians, this chapter attempts to identify the differences in the perception of physicians and patients. The results indicate that major differences exist in the beliefs held by physicians and patients vis-à-vis merits and demerits of DTC-promotion through health-related websites. As patients and physicians operate as a team while health-solutions are made available to the patients, such major differences in their beliefs regarding the merits and demerits of DTC-promotion may result in emergence of fault lines in their relationship. An exploratory factor analysis has been conducted to confirm if the underlying variables measure the latent factors or not. Regression model has been developed to measure the impact of information perception on patient-physician relationship.

scholarly journals Short-Term Air Quality Prediction Based on Fractional Grey Linear Regression and Support Vector Machine

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Meng Dun ◽  
Zhicun Xu ◽  
Yan Chen ◽  
Lifeng Wu
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Hybrid Model ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Support Vector Regression Model ◽  
Air Quality Prediction ◽  
Multivariable Regression Model ◽  
Multivariable Regression ◽  
The Mean

To predict the daily air pollutants, the fractional multivariable model is established. The hybrid model of the grey multivariable regression model with fractional order accumulation model (FGM(0, m)) and support vector regression model (SVR) is used to predict the air pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, and NO2) from December 31, 2018, to January 3, 2019, in Shijiazhuang and Chongqing. The absolute percentage errors (APEs) are used to determine the weights of the FGM(0, m) and SVR. Meanwhile, the Holt–Winters model is used to predict the air quality pollutants for the same location and period. When the mean absolute percent error (MAPE) is 0%–20%, it indicates that the model has good accuracy of fitting and prediction. The MAPE of the hybrid model is less than 20%. It is shown that except for the PM2.5 concentration prediction in Shijiazhuang (13.7%), the MAPE between the forecasting and actual values of the three air pollutants in Shijiazhuang and Chongqing was less than 10%.

scholarly journals Investigation of timing of surgery and other factors possibly influencing outcome in dogs with acute thoracolumbar disc extrusion: a retrospective study of 1501 cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Almut Immekeppel ◽  
Stefan Rupp ◽  
Stanislas Demierre ◽  
Kai Rentmeister ◽  
Andrea Meyer-Lindenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Physical Rehabilitation ◽  
Timing Of Surgery ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Multivariable Regression Model ◽  
Thoracolumbar Region ◽  
Multivariable Regression

Abstract Background Intervertebral disc extrusions in the thoracolumbar region are a common spinal neurologic disorder in dogs and usually considered a neurological emergency. Several factors, like timing of surgery, have previously been analysed in order to determine the effect on outcome and time of recovery. Most studies have investigated one defined population of dogs and the influence of a single factor on the overall outcome. In this retrospective study, a large cohort of dogs and the influence of one or combinations of several factors on outcome and time of recovery were analysed. Results The bivariate analysis demonstrated a significant association between the following variables and the time of recovery: the time span between the onset of clinical signs and surgery (Cramers Phi $$\varphi^{\prime}$$ φ ′  = 0.14; P = 0.003), the grade of severity ($$\varphi^{\prime}$$ φ ′  = 0.23; P < 0.001) and the implementation of physical rehabilitation ($$\varphi^{\prime}$$ φ ′  = 0.2; P < 0.001). However, the analysis of a multivariable regression model demonstrated that a significant correlation only exists between the time span between the onset of clinical signs and surgery and the overall outcome (P = 0.007), as well as between the grade of severity and the time of recovery (P < 0.001). The percentage of dogs with lacking deep pain perception (DPP) that had to be euthanised due to their neurological condition, decreased from 20.0 to 2.9% when physical rehabilitation was implemented. Additionally, the proportion of dogs (same group) that improved to reach an ambulatory status increased from 80.0 to 91.4%. Conclusion The results of the bivariate analysis demonstrated several correlations between some variables and overall outcome or time of recovery, whereas the multivariable regression model demonstrated only two associations. The time span between the onset of clinical signs and surgery was significantly associated with the overall outcome. We therefore suggest that a surgical intervention should be performed without unreasonable delay. Due to the correlation between the grade of severity and time of recovery, owners of dogs with more severe neurological deficits prior to surgery should be informed about the presumably prolonged time of recovery.

scholarly journals Characteristics of US Adults Delaying Dental Care Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
A.M. Kranz ◽  
G. Gahlon ◽  
A.W. Dick ◽  
B.D. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Visits ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Multivariable Regression Model ◽  
Multivariable Regression ◽  
Nationally Representative

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has disrupted the delivery of health care services, including dental care. The objective of this study was to quantify and describe US adults who delayed dental care due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional responses collected from a nationally representative and long-running panel survey of US adults conducted in late May and early June 2020 (response rate = 70%). The survey included questions about dental care delayed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, purpose of the delayed dental visits, timing of future dental visits, and demographic information. Pearson’s chi-square tests were used to determine if rates of delayed dental care varied by subgroup. A multivariable regression model, adjusted for age, race, Hispanic ethnicity, census division, and rurality, was estimated to predict the odds of reporting delayed dental care. Results: Nearly half of respondents (46.7%) reported delaying going to the dentist or receiving dental care due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Among adults who reported delaying dental care due to the pandemic, 74.7% reported delaying a checkup, 12.4% reported delaying care to address something that was bothering them, and 10.5% reported delaying care to get planned treatment. About 44.4% of adults reported that they planned to visit the dentist within the next 3 mo. In the multivariable regression model, only living in an urban (vs. rural) area was associated with significantly higher odds of delayed dental care due to the pandemic (odds ratio: 1.5; 95% confidence interval: 1.1, 2.1). Conclusions: Nearly half of US adults reported delaying dental care due to the COVID-19 pandemic during the spring of 2020. Our results offer insight into the experiences of patients seeking dental care this spring and the economic challenges faced by dental providers due to the pandemic. Knowledge Transfer Statement: This article describes US adults who delayed dental care due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Results can be used by clinicians and policymakers to understand delayed care during the pandemic.

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